辽河河口湿地生态环境需水量研究
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摘要
科学合理地确定辽河河口湿地的适宜与最小生态环境需水量是维持其生态系统健康的重要保障。利用3S技术提取辽河河口湿地覆被信息,将生态环境需水量的计算类型划分为消耗型和非消耗型,建立了适合辽河河口湿地的计算模型,并利用该模型计算了研究区2000、2005和2014年的生态环境需水量以及适宜生态环境需水量与不同降水频率条件下的最小生态环境需水量。结果表明,研究区适宜生态环境需水量为99 554.92×10~4m~3;多年平均降水条件下、75%降水频率下和95%降水频率下对应的最小生态环境需水量分别为20 220.13×10~4m~3、22 362.31×10~4m~3和24 314.98×10~4m~3。
Determining the optimum and minimum eco-environmental demands for water in the wetland at Liaohe estuary is important to sustain ecosystem health and productivity.This paper established a wetland model by dividing eco-environmental demand for water into consumable and non-consumable water.The data needed in the model was obtained from satellite imagery using the 3 S technology.We then applied the model to calculate the eco-environmental water requirement,sustainable eco-environmental water requirement,as well as minimum eco-environmental water requirement under different precipitations in 2000,2005 and 2014 respectively.The results showed that the optimal eco-environment requirement was 99 554.92×10~4 m~3.For 100%,75% and95% of the average annual rainfall,the minimum eco-environmental water requirements were 20 220.13×10~4 m~3,22 362.31×10~4 m~3 and 24 314.98×10~4 m~3 respectively.
Determining the optimum and minimum eco-environmental demands for water in the wetland at Liaohe estuary is important to sustain ecosystem health and productivity.This paper established a wetland model by dividing eco-environmental demand for water into consumable and non-consumable water.The data needed in the model was obtained from satellite imagery using the 3 S technology.We then applied the model to calculate the eco-environmental water requirement,sustainable eco-environmental water requirement,as well as minimum eco-environmental water requirement under different precipitations in 2000,2005 and 2014 respectively.The results showed that the optimal eco-environment requirement was 99 554.92×10~4 m~3.For 100%,75% and95% of the average annual rainfall,the minimum eco-environmental water requirements were 20 220.13×10~4 m~3,22 362.31×10~4 m~3 and 24 314.98×10~4 m~3 respectively.
引文
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[12]HUGHES R M,WHITTIER T R,THIELE S A,et al.Lake and Stream Indicators for the United States Environmental Protection Agency’s Environmental Monitoring and Assessment Program[M]//Ecological Indicators.Springer US,1992:305-335.
[13]宋兰兰,陆桂华.生态环境需水研究综述[J].水利水电科技进展,2004(3):61-65.
[14]沈惠安,胥铭兴,王凤翥.莫莫格自然保护区湿地生态需水量计算[J].东北水利水电,2009(6):44-47.
[2]董文君,曹学章,胡丽丽.白洋淀湿地生态需水量计算[J].中国科技信息,2011(11):23-25.
[3]杨志峰,崔保山,刘静玲,等.生态环境需水量理论、方法与实践[M].北京:科学出版社,2003:38-39.
[4]崔保山,杨志峰.湿地生态环境需水量研究[J].环境科学学报,2002,22(2):219-224.
[5]郭跃东,何岩,邓伟,等.扎龙国家自然湿地生态环境需水量研究[J].水土保持学报,2004,18(6):163-166.
[6]周林飞,许士国,李青山,等.扎龙湿地生态环境需水量安全阈值的研究[J].水利学报,2007,38(7):845-851.
[7]韩赠萃,尤爱菊,徐有成,等.强潮河口环境和生态需水及其计算方法[J].水利学报,2006,37(4):395-402.
[8]邓雯,陈刚,王肖鹏,等.滇池外海环湖湿地生态需水研究[J].灌溉排水学报,2016,35(1):99-104.
[9]张欣,周林林,李萌,等.辽宁盘锦双台子河口湿地生态环境需水量研究[J].水资源保护,2010,26(4):8-12.
[10]王建群,韩丽,马轶民.扎龙湿地生态系统需水量[J].湖泊科学,2006(2):114-119.
[11]崔保山,杨志峰.湿地生态环境需水量研究[J].环境科学学报,2002,22(2):219-224.
[12]HUGHES R M,WHITTIER T R,THIELE S A,et al.Lake and Stream Indicators for the United States Environmental Protection Agency’s Environmental Monitoring and Assessment Program[M]//Ecological Indicators.Springer US,1992:305-335.
[13]宋兰兰,陆桂华.生态环境需水研究综述[J].水利水电科技进展,2004(3):61-65.
[14]沈惠安,胥铭兴,王凤翥.莫莫格自然保护区湿地生态需水量计算[J].东北水利水电,2009(6):44-47.