穿越断裂黏滑带隧道合理抗错断设防长度研究
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摘要
研究目的:隧道穿越黏滑断层带极易发生错断,其合理的抗错断设防长度一直是业内研究的关键性问题。采用数值计算和黏滑错动模型试验相结合方法,研究隧道穿越断裂黏滑带黏滑错动条件下结构应变、主应力响应特性,探求穿越断裂黏滑带隧道合理抗错断设防长度。研究结论:(1)衬砌主应力最大峰值均出现在断裂黏滑带两侧一定范围内,当远离黏滑断裂带衬砌结构主应力趋于稳定,黏滑错动影响范围在隧道纵向具有显著区域性特征;(2)断裂黏滑错动对活动盘影响范围明显大于固定盘;(3)影响范围内活动盘侧以拉应力破损为主,合理的抗错断设防长度约为(6～7) D;(4)固定盘侧以压应力破损为主,合理的抗错断设防长度(含断层带)约为(4～5) D,且随着断层宽度的增加,固定盘侧影响范围逐渐向断层区域内平移;(5)减错缝的设置可将衬砌结构主应力降至安全范围内,实际工程建议根据衬砌模板台车长度将减错缝与施工缝设置在同一断面;(6)本研究成果可为黏滑错动地质地段隧道抗错断设计和施工提供理论依据。
Research purposes: Fracture is very easy to occur when tunnels passing through stick-slip fault,so the reasonable length of anti-breaking fortification is always a key issue. In order to seek reasonable length of anti-breaking of tunnel crossing fault slip belt,the structural strain and principal stress response characteristics of the tunnel passing through fault are studied by setting up numerical calculation and dislocation model test.Research conclusions:(1) The maximum peak stress of lining appears in a certain range on both sides of the fault slip belt. It tends to be stable when the main stress of lining structure far away from the fault slip belt and the influence range of slip motion is characterized by a significant regional characteristic in the longitudinal direction of tunnel.(2) The sphere of influence of stick-slip on the active disk is much larger than that of the fixed disk.(3) The side of fault active disk is mainly damaged by tensile stress and the reasonable length of anti-breaking is about(6 ～ 7) D.(4) The side of fixed disk is mainly damaged by pressure stress and the reasonable length is about(4 ～ 5) D. With the increase of width of fault,the influence range is gradually shifted to the fault zone.(5) The main stress of lining structure can be reduced to the safety range by setting of reduction joint and the reduction joints and construction joints should be set on the same section according to the length of lining plat trolley in actual projects.(6) The research results can provide a theoretical basis for the design and construction of anti-breaking tunnel in fault slip geological section.
Research purposes: Fracture is very easy to occur when tunnels passing through stick-slip fault,so the reasonable length of anti-breaking fortification is always a key issue. In order to seek reasonable length of anti-breaking of tunnel crossing fault slip belt,the structural strain and principal stress response characteristics of the tunnel passing through fault are studied by setting up numerical calculation and dislocation model test.Research conclusions:(1) The maximum peak stress of lining appears in a certain range on both sides of the fault slip belt. It tends to be stable when the main stress of lining structure far away from the fault slip belt and the influence range of slip motion is characterized by a significant regional characteristic in the longitudinal direction of tunnel.(2) The sphere of influence of stick-slip on the active disk is much larger than that of the fixed disk.(3) The side of fault active disk is mainly damaged by tensile stress and the reasonable length of anti-breaking is about(6 ～ 7) D.(4) The side of fixed disk is mainly damaged by pressure stress and the reasonable length is about(4 ～ 5) D. With the increase of width of fault,the influence range is gradually shifted to the fault zone.(5) The main stress of lining structure can be reduced to the safety range by setting of reduction joint and the reduction joints and construction joints should be set on the same section according to the length of lining plat trolley in actual projects.(6) The research results can provide a theoretical basis for the design and construction of anti-breaking tunnel in fault slip geological section.
引文
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[2]王道远,崔光耀,袁金秀,等.强震区隧道施工塌方段震害机理及处治技术研究[J].岩土工程学报,2018(2):353-359.Wang Daoyuan, Cui Guangyao,Yuan Jinxiu, etc.Resarch on Seismic Damage Mechanism and Treatment Technologies of Construction Landslide Section of the Highway Tunnel in Highly Seismic Region[J]. Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2018(2):353-359.
[3]李林,何川,耿萍,等.浅埋偏压洞口段隧道地震响应振动台模型试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2011(12):2540-2548.Li Lin,He Chuang,Geng Ping,etc. Study of Shaking Table Model Test for Seismic Response of Portal Section of Shallow Unsymmetrical Loading Tunnel[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2011(12):2540-2548.
[4]王道远,袁金秀,朱永全,等.高烈度区软硬岩交界段隧道震害机制及减震缝减震技术模型试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2017(S2):4113-4121.Wang Daoyuan, Yuan Jinxiu,Zhu Yongquan,etc.Mechanism of Seismic Damage and Mode Test on Absorption Joint Damping Technology of Tunnel Across Junction of Soft and Hard Rock in Highly Seismic Area[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2017(S2):4113-4121.
[5]崔光耀,王明年,于丽,等.穿越黏滑错动断层隧道减震层减震技术模型试验研究[J].岩土工程学报,2013(9):1753-1758.Cui Guangyao,Wang Mingnian,Yu Li,etc. Model Tests on Damping Shake Technology of Shock Absorption Layer of Tunnels Crossing Stick-slip Faults[J]. Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2013(9):1753-1758.
[6]王道远,崔光耀,袁金秀,等.断裂黏滑错动下隧道减错措施作用效果模型试验研究[J].岩土工程学报,2018(8):1515-1521.Wang Daoyuan,Cui Guangyao,Yuan Jinxiu, etc.Model Tests on Effect of Dislocation Reducing Measures of Stick-slip[J]. Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2018(8):1515-1521.
[7]耿萍,何悦,何川,等.穿越断层破碎带隧道合理抗震设防长度研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2014(2):358-365.Geng Ping,He Yue,He Chuan,etc. Research on Reasonable Aseismic Fortified Length for Tunnel Through Fault Fracture Zone[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2014(2):358-365.
[8] GB 50111—2009,铁路工程抗震设计规范[S].GB 50111—2009,Code for Seismic Design of Railway Engineering[S].
[2]王道远,崔光耀,袁金秀,等.强震区隧道施工塌方段震害机理及处治技术研究[J].岩土工程学报,2018(2):353-359.Wang Daoyuan, Cui Guangyao,Yuan Jinxiu, etc.Resarch on Seismic Damage Mechanism and Treatment Technologies of Construction Landslide Section of the Highway Tunnel in Highly Seismic Region[J]. Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2018(2):353-359.
[3]李林,何川,耿萍,等.浅埋偏压洞口段隧道地震响应振动台模型试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2011(12):2540-2548.Li Lin,He Chuang,Geng Ping,etc. Study of Shaking Table Model Test for Seismic Response of Portal Section of Shallow Unsymmetrical Loading Tunnel[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2011(12):2540-2548.
[4]王道远,袁金秀,朱永全,等.高烈度区软硬岩交界段隧道震害机制及减震缝减震技术模型试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2017(S2):4113-4121.Wang Daoyuan, Yuan Jinxiu,Zhu Yongquan,etc.Mechanism of Seismic Damage and Mode Test on Absorption Joint Damping Technology of Tunnel Across Junction of Soft and Hard Rock in Highly Seismic Area[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2017(S2):4113-4121.
[5]崔光耀,王明年,于丽,等.穿越黏滑错动断层隧道减震层减震技术模型试验研究[J].岩土工程学报,2013(9):1753-1758.Cui Guangyao,Wang Mingnian,Yu Li,etc. Model Tests on Damping Shake Technology of Shock Absorption Layer of Tunnels Crossing Stick-slip Faults[J]. Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2013(9):1753-1758.
[6]王道远,崔光耀,袁金秀,等.断裂黏滑错动下隧道减错措施作用效果模型试验研究[J].岩土工程学报,2018(8):1515-1521.Wang Daoyuan,Cui Guangyao,Yuan Jinxiu, etc.Model Tests on Effect of Dislocation Reducing Measures of Stick-slip[J]. Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2018(8):1515-1521.
[7]耿萍,何悦,何川,等.穿越断层破碎带隧道合理抗震设防长度研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2014(2):358-365.Geng Ping,He Yue,He Chuan,etc. Research on Reasonable Aseismic Fortified Length for Tunnel Through Fault Fracture Zone[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2014(2):358-365.
[8] GB 50111—2009,铁路工程抗震设计规范[S].GB 50111—2009,Code for Seismic Design of Railway Engineering[S].