8个苜蓿品种抗寒性的比较
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摘要
【目的】探究8个国产苜蓿品种的抗寒性判定方法,为科尔沁沙地筛选抗寒性强的苜蓿品种提供理论依据。【方法】以8个苜蓿品种(草原2号、草原3号、东苜1号、农菁1号、农菁8号、肇东、龙牧801、公农1号)的1龄期越冬器官为材料,对其分别进行-10,-15,-20,-25,-30和-35℃低温处理,4℃处理为对照,统计不同处理材料在盆栽试验中的存活率,测定其相对电导率、根颈活力,计算半致死温度(LT50),拟合Logistic回归方程,对8个品种抗寒性进行聚类分析。【结果】东苜1号和草原3号存活率表现较好,而草原2号和农菁8号存活率表现较差。8个苜蓿品种根颈相对电导率均随处理温度下降而上升,根颈活力均随处理温度下降而减弱;用电导率法协同Logistic回归方程所得LT50的8个苜蓿品种抗寒性强弱排序为:草原3号>东苜1号>农菁1号>公农1号>肇东>龙牧801>草原2号>农菁8号;根据根颈活力法协同Logistic回归方程所得LT50的8个苜蓿品种抗寒性排序为:东苜1号>草原3号>农菁1号>公农1号>龙牧801>肇东>农菁8号>草原2号;用单一电导率法或根颈活力法对8个苜蓿品种抗寒性的聚类分析结果不同,且以根颈活力法可信度较高,而综合2种方法的聚类分析更具代表性、准确性更高;8个苜蓿品种抗寒性可分为3类,其中东苜1号、草原3号和农菁1号为高抗寒品种,公农1号、肇东和龙牧801为一般抗寒品种,草原2号和农菁8号为低抗寒品种;8个苜蓿品种不同低温处理下的植株存活率与其抗寒性测定结果表现一致。【结论】利用电导率法或根颈活力法协同Logistic方程计算苜蓿LT50可行,LT50可作为评价苜蓿抗寒性的指标。
【Objective】This study tested the determination method for cold resistance of 8domestic alfalfa varieties to provide theoretical basis for screening cold resistant alfalfa varieties in Horqin area.【Method】In this experiment,the annual overwintering organs of 8alfalfa varieties(Caoyuan No.2,Caoyuan No.3,Dongmu No.1,Nongjing No.1,Nongjing No.8,Zhaodong,Longmu No.801,and Gongnong No.1)were treated at low temperatures of-10,-15,-20,-25,-30and-35℃,respectively.The control was stored at 4℃.The survival rates in different treatments were measured in pot experiment,the relative conductivity and root neck vitality were measured,and the semi lethal temperature(LT50)was calculated.Logistic regression equation was also used for cluster analysis of LT50.Cluster analysis of cold re-sistance of 8alfalfa varieties by fitting Logistic regression equation.【Result】The survival rates of Dongmu No.1and Caoyuan No.3were better,but the survival rates of Caoyuan No.2and Nongjing No.8were poor.The relative electrical conductivity of root neck of 8alfalfa varieties increased with the decrease of temperature,while the vigor of root neck decreased.According to the Logistic regression equations obtained by conductance method,the LT50 of the 8alfalfa varieties showed that the cold resistance was in the order of Caoyuan No.3>Dongmu No.1>Nongjing No.1>Gongnong No.1>Zhaodong>Longmu No.801>Caoyuan No.2>Nongjing No.8.According to the Logistic regression equation,the LT50 obtained from root neck vigor method indicated that the cold resistance was in the order of Dongmu No.1>Caoyuan No.3>Nongjing No.1>Gongnong No.1>Longmu No.801>Zhaodong>Nongjing No.8>Caoyuan No.2.The root viability method was more reliable than conductivity method,and the integrated cluster method was more representative and accurate.The 8alfalfa varieties were divided into 3categories.Dongmu No.1,Caoyuan No.3and Nongjing No.1were high cold resistant varieties,Gongnong No.1,Zhaodong and Longmu No.801 were general cold resistant varieties,while Caoyuan No.2and Nongjing No.8alfalfa were low cold resistant varieties.The survival rates of 8alfalfa varieties under different low temperature treatments were consistent with cold resistance.【Conclusion】The combined method of conductance or root neck activity with Logistic equation was feasible to calculate LT50 of alfalfa and it could be used for evaluating cold resistance of alfalfa.
【Objective】This study tested the determination method for cold resistance of 8domestic alfalfa varieties to provide theoretical basis for screening cold resistant alfalfa varieties in Horqin area.【Method】In this experiment,the annual overwintering organs of 8alfalfa varieties(Caoyuan No.2,Caoyuan No.3,Dongmu No.1,Nongjing No.1,Nongjing No.8,Zhaodong,Longmu No.801,and Gongnong No.1)were treated at low temperatures of-10,-15,-20,-25,-30and-35℃,respectively.The control was stored at 4℃.The survival rates in different treatments were measured in pot experiment,the relative conductivity and root neck vitality were measured,and the semi lethal temperature(LT50)was calculated.Logistic regression equation was also used for cluster analysis of LT50.Cluster analysis of cold re-sistance of 8alfalfa varieties by fitting Logistic regression equation.【Result】The survival rates of Dongmu No.1and Caoyuan No.3were better,but the survival rates of Caoyuan No.2and Nongjing No.8were poor.The relative electrical conductivity of root neck of 8alfalfa varieties increased with the decrease of temperature,while the vigor of root neck decreased.According to the Logistic regression equations obtained by conductance method,the LT50 of the 8alfalfa varieties showed that the cold resistance was in the order of Caoyuan No.3>Dongmu No.1>Nongjing No.1>Gongnong No.1>Zhaodong>Longmu No.801>Caoyuan No.2>Nongjing No.8.According to the Logistic regression equation,the LT50 obtained from root neck vigor method indicated that the cold resistance was in the order of Dongmu No.1>Caoyuan No.3>Nongjing No.1>Gongnong No.1>Longmu No.801>Zhaodong>Nongjing No.8>Caoyuan No.2.The root viability method was more reliable than conductivity method,and the integrated cluster method was more representative and accurate.The 8alfalfa varieties were divided into 3categories.Dongmu No.1,Caoyuan No.3and Nongjing No.1were high cold resistant varieties,Gongnong No.1,Zhaodong and Longmu No.801 were general cold resistant varieties,while Caoyuan No.2and Nongjing No.8alfalfa were low cold resistant varieties.The survival rates of 8alfalfa varieties under different low temperature treatments were consistent with cold resistance.【Conclusion】The combined method of conductance or root neck activity with Logistic equation was feasible to calculate LT50 of alfalfa and it could be used for evaluating cold resistance of alfalfa.
引文
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[18]刘建,项东云,陈健波,等.应用Logistic方程确定三种桉树的低温半致死温度[J].广西林业科学,2009,38(2):76-81.Liu J,Xiang D Y,Chen J B,et al.Low temperature LT50of three Eucalyptus seedlings with electrical conductivity method and Logistic equation[J].Guangxi Forestry Science,2009,38(2):76-81.
[19]刘艳萍,朱延林,康向阳,等.电导法协同Logistic方程确定不同类型广玉兰的抗寒性[J].中南林业科技大学学报,2012,32(10):69-71.Liu Y P,Zhu Y L,Kang X Y,et al.Cold resistance determination of different type Magnolia grandiflora with synergistic electrical conductivity method and Logistic equation[J].Journal of Central South University of Forestry&Technology,2012,32(10):69-71.
[20]李素华,姬金凤.利用电导法鉴定几种野生花卉的抗寒性和耐热性[J].贵州农业科学,2012,40(11):182-184.Li S H,Ji J F.Identification of cold resistance and heat resistance of several wild flowers by conductivity method[J].Guizhou Agricultural Sciences,2012,40(11):182-184.
[21]袁军伟,郭紫娟,马爱红,等.葡萄砧木抗寒性的鉴定与综合评价[J].中国农学通报,2013,29(4):99-103.Yuan J W,Guo Z J,Ma A H,et al.Cold resistance identification and comprehensive evaluation of grape root stocks[J].Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin,2013,29(4):99-103.
[22]张倩,刘崇怀,郭大龙,等.5个葡萄种群的低温半致死温度与其抗寒适应性的关系[J].西北农林科技大学学报(自然科学版),2013,41(5):149-154.Zhang Q,Liu C H,Guo D L,et al.Relationship between LT50and cold adaptability of five grape varieties[J].Journal of Northwest A&F University(Nat Sci Ed),2013,41(5):149-154.
[23]王文举,张亚红,牛锦凤,等.电导法测定鲜食葡萄的抗寒性[J].果树学报,2007,24(1):34-37.Wang W J,Zhang Y H,Niu J F,et al.Study on cold tolerance of table grape cultivars by measuring the conductivity[J].Journal of Fruit Science,2007,24(1):34-37.
[24]白茹,高登涛,刘怀锋,等.电导法协同Logistic方程比较12个葡萄砧木的抗寒性[J].石河子大学学报(自然科学版),2014,32(5):656-660.Bai R,Gao D T,Liu H F,et al.Comparison of cold resistance in twelve grapevine root stocks using relative electrical conductivity method and Logistic equation[J].Journal of Shihezi University(Natural Science),2014,32(5):656-660.
[25]邹琦.植物生理学实验指导[M].北京:中国农业出版社,1995:159-160.Zou Q.Experimental guidance in plant physiology[M].Beijing:China Agriculture Press,1995:159-160.
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[2]曹致中.优质苜蓿栽培与利用[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2002.Cao Z Z.Cultivation and utilization of high quality alfalfa[M].Beijing:China Agriculture Press,2002.
[3]孙建华,王彦荣,余玲.紫花苜蓿生长特性及产量性状相关性研究[J].草业学报,2004,13(4):80-86.Sun J H,Wang Y R,Yu L.Growth characteristics and their correlation with the yield of Medicago sativa[J].Pratacultural Science,2004,13(4):80-86.
[4]孙建华,王彦荣,余玲.紫花苜蓿品种间产量性状评价[J].西北植物学报,2004,24(10):1837-1844.Sun J H,Wang Y R,Yu L.Evaluation on yield and quality characteristics of alfalfa varieties[J].Acta Bot Boreal Occident Sin,2004,24(10):1837-1844.
[5]刘香萍,李国良,崔国文.不同紫花苜蓿品种间抗寒性比较研究[J].当代畜牧,2006(11):49-50.Liu X P,Li G L,Cui G W.Comparative study on cold resistance of different alfalfa varieties[J].Contemporary Animal Husbandry,2016(11):49-50.
[6]刘志英,李西良,李峰,等.越冬紫花苜蓿根系性状与秋眠性的关系及其抗寒效应[J].中国农业科学,2015,48(9):1689-1701.Liu Z Y,Li X L,Li F,et al.Response of alfalfa root traits to fall dormancy and its effect on winter hardiness[J].Scientia Agriculture Sinica,2015,48(9):1689-1701.
[7] Marquez-Ortiz J J,Lamb J F S,Johnson L D,et al.Heritability of crown traits in alfalfa[J].Crop Science,1999,39:38-43.
[8]徐大伟.11个秋眠级苜蓿标准对照品种生长适应性研究[D].北京:北京林业大学,2011.Xu D W.Study on the adaptability of eleven fall dormaney standard cheek alfalfa(Medicago sativa)varieties[D].Beijing:Beijing Forestry University,2011.
[9]韩清芳,吴新卫,贾志宽,等.不同秋眠级数苜蓿品种根颈变化特征分析[J].草业学报,2008,17(4):85-91.Han Q F,Wu X W,Jia Z K,et al.Analysis on dynamic variety of crown characteristics of different fall dormancy Medicago sativacultivars[J].Acta Praraculturae Sinica,2008,17(4):85-91.
[10] Rimi F,Macolino S,Leinauer B,et al.Fall dormancy and harvest stage effects on alfalfa nutritive value in a subtropical climate[J].Agronomy Journal,2012,104:415-422.
[11] Wang C Z,Ma B L,Yan X B,et al.Yields of alfalfa varieties with different fall-dormancy levels in a temperate environment[J].Agronomy Journal,2009,101:1146-1152.
[12] Cunningham S M,Gana J A,Volenec J J,et al.Winter hardiness,root physiology,and gene expression in successive fall dormancy selections from ‘Mesilla’and ‘CUF101’alfalfa[J].Crop Science,2001,41:1091-1098.
[13] Haagenson D M,Cunningham S M,Volenec J J.Root physiology of less fall dormant,winter hardy alfalfa Selections[J].Crop Science,2003,43:1441-1447.
[14] Boyce P J,Volenec J J.Taproot carbohydrate concentrations and stress tolerance of contrasting alfalfa genotypes[J].Crop Science,1992,32:757-761.
[15] Cuningham S M,Volence J J,Teuber L R.Plant survival and root and bud composition of alfalfa populations selected for contrasting fall dormancy[J].Crop Science,1998,38:962-969.
[16]刘香萍,崔国文,李国邦.紫花苜蓿主根内非结构性碳水化合物累积及其与抗寒性的关系[J].中国草地学报,2010,32(2):113-115.Liu X P,Cui G W,Li G B.Relationships between non-structure carbohydrates accumulation in taproot of alfalfa and cold hardiness[J].Chinese Journal of Grassland,2010,32(2):113-115.
[17]刘磊.晚秋刈割对不同秋眠类型苜蓿抗寒性的影响[D].北京:中国农业科学院,2007.Liu L.The effect of cold resistance for different fall dormancy alfalfa by late autumn cutting[D].Beijing:Chinese Academy of Agricultral Sciences,2007.
[18]刘建,项东云,陈健波,等.应用Logistic方程确定三种桉树的低温半致死温度[J].广西林业科学,2009,38(2):76-81.Liu J,Xiang D Y,Chen J B,et al.Low temperature LT50of three Eucalyptus seedlings with electrical conductivity method and Logistic equation[J].Guangxi Forestry Science,2009,38(2):76-81.
[19]刘艳萍,朱延林,康向阳,等.电导法协同Logistic方程确定不同类型广玉兰的抗寒性[J].中南林业科技大学学报,2012,32(10):69-71.Liu Y P,Zhu Y L,Kang X Y,et al.Cold resistance determination of different type Magnolia grandiflora with synergistic electrical conductivity method and Logistic equation[J].Journal of Central South University of Forestry&Technology,2012,32(10):69-71.
[20]李素华,姬金凤.利用电导法鉴定几种野生花卉的抗寒性和耐热性[J].贵州农业科学,2012,40(11):182-184.Li S H,Ji J F.Identification of cold resistance and heat resistance of several wild flowers by conductivity method[J].Guizhou Agricultural Sciences,2012,40(11):182-184.
[21]袁军伟,郭紫娟,马爱红,等.葡萄砧木抗寒性的鉴定与综合评价[J].中国农学通报,2013,29(4):99-103.Yuan J W,Guo Z J,Ma A H,et al.Cold resistance identification and comprehensive evaluation of grape root stocks[J].Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin,2013,29(4):99-103.
[22]张倩,刘崇怀,郭大龙,等.5个葡萄种群的低温半致死温度与其抗寒适应性的关系[J].西北农林科技大学学报(自然科学版),2013,41(5):149-154.Zhang Q,Liu C H,Guo D L,et al.Relationship between LT50and cold adaptability of five grape varieties[J].Journal of Northwest A&F University(Nat Sci Ed),2013,41(5):149-154.
[23]王文举,张亚红,牛锦凤,等.电导法测定鲜食葡萄的抗寒性[J].果树学报,2007,24(1):34-37.Wang W J,Zhang Y H,Niu J F,et al.Study on cold tolerance of table grape cultivars by measuring the conductivity[J].Journal of Fruit Science,2007,24(1):34-37.
[24]白茹,高登涛,刘怀锋,等.电导法协同Logistic方程比较12个葡萄砧木的抗寒性[J].石河子大学学报(自然科学版),2014,32(5):656-660.Bai R,Gao D T,Liu H F,et al.Comparison of cold resistance in twelve grapevine root stocks using relative electrical conductivity method and Logistic equation[J].Journal of Shihezi University(Natural Science),2014,32(5):656-660.
[25]邹琦.植物生理学实验指导[M].北京:中国农业出版社,1995:159-160.Zou Q.Experimental guidance in plant physiology[M].Beijing:China Agriculture Press,1995:159-160.
[26]张治安,陈展宇.植物生理学实验指导[M].长春:吉林大学出版社,2008:60-62.Zhang Z A,Chen Z Y.Experimental guidance in plant physiology[M].Changchun:Jilin University Press,2008:60-62.
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