基于试验设计的电动汽车充换电站接入电网的降损研究
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摘要
为了降低网损,对充换电站的电气接入点和接入工作功率进行了研究,分析了单个和多个充换电站接入配电系统不同电气节点产生的有功损耗的变化规律。针对多个未知运行状态的充换电站接入配电系统某些固定电气节点的情况,提出了一种基于试验设计的电网有功损耗快速估算方法,其能够在准确反映建模所需信息的同时大幅缩减仿真试验次数。以降低有功损耗为目标,对估算所得的模型进行组合优化。
In order to reduce the power loss,the electric connected nodes and operation power of charging and swapping stations are investigated,and the variation law of the active power loss caused by different electric nodes connected with single or multiple charging and swapping stations is analyzed. In view of the fact that a number of stations with unknown operating state are connected to some fixed electric nodes in the distribution system,a fast estimation method of power loss based on DOE( Design Of Experiment) is proposed,which can not only accurately describe the modeling information,but also significantly reduce the number of simulation tests. A hybrid optimization approach that aims to minimize the power loss is proposed for the estimated charging and swapping station model.
In order to reduce the power loss,the electric connected nodes and operation power of charging and swapping stations are investigated,and the variation law of the active power loss caused by different electric nodes connected with single or multiple charging and swapping stations is analyzed. In view of the fact that a number of stations with unknown operating state are connected to some fixed electric nodes in the distribution system,a fast estimation method of power loss based on DOE( Design Of Experiment) is proposed,which can not only accurately describe the modeling information,but also significantly reduce the number of simulation tests. A hybrid optimization approach that aims to minimize the power loss is proposed for the estimated charging and swapping station model.
引文
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[18]SU L,ZHANG J,WANG C,et al.Identifying main factors of capacity fading in lithium ion cells using orthogonal design of experiments[J].Applied Energy,2016,163:201-210.
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[20]王守相,王成山.现代配电系统分析[M].2版.北京:高等教育出版社,2014:245-248.
[21]马逢时,周暐,刘传冰.六西格玛管理统计指南:minitab使用指导[M].2版.北京:中国人民大学出版社,2013:538-567.
[22]肖传亮,赵波,周金辉,等.配电网中基于网络分区的高比例分布式光伏集群电压控制[J].电力系统自动化,2017,41(21):147-155.XIAO Chuanliang,ZHAO Bo,ZHOU Jinhui,et al.Network partition based cluster voltage control of high proportion distributed photovoltaic systems in distribution networks[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2017,41(21):147-155.
[2]KISACIKOGLU M C,KESLER M,TOLBERT L M.Single-phase onboard bidirectional PEV charger for V2G reactive power operation[J].IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid,2015,6(2):767-775.
[3]贾龙,胡泽春,宋永华,等.储能和电动汽车充电站与配电网的联合规划研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2017,37(1):73-84.JIA Long,HU Zechun,SONG Yonghua,et al.Joint planning of distribution networks with distributed energy storage systems and electric vehicle charging stations[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2017,37(1):73-84.
[4]杨秀菊,白晓清,李佩杰,等.电动汽车规模化接入配电网的充电优化[J].电力自动化设备,2015,35(6):31-36.YANG Xiuju,BAI Xiaoqing,LI Peijie,et al.Charging optimization of massive electric vehicles in distribution network[J].Electric Power Automation Equip-ment,2015,35(6):31-36.
[5]陈静鹏,艾芊,肖斐.基于用户出行需求的电动汽车充电站规划[J].电力自动化设备,2016,36(6):34-39.CHEN Jingpeng,AI Qian,XIAO Fei.EV charging station planning based on travel demand[J].Electric Power Automation Equipment,2016,36(6):34-39.
[6]刘畅,刘洪,李香龙,等.考虑路网与配电网可靠性的电动汽车充电站多目标规划[J].电力自动化设备,2017,37(8):28-34.LIU Chang,LIU Hong,LI Xianglong,et al.Multi-objective EV charging station planning with consideration of road network reliability and distribution network reliability[J].Electric Power Automation Equipment,2017,37(8):28-34.
[7]所丽,唐巍,白牧可,等.考虑削峰填谷的配电网集中型充电站选址定容规划[J].中国电机工程学报,2014,34(7):1052-1060.SUO Li,TANG Wei,BAI Muke,et al.Locating and sizing of centralized charging stations in distribution network considering load shifting[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2014,34(7):1052-1060.
[8]丁明,王波,赵波,等.独立风光柴储微网系统容量优化配置[J].电网技术,2013,37(3):575-581.DING Ming,WANG Bo,ZHAO Bo,et al.Configuration optimization of capacity of standalone PV-wind-siesel-battery hybrid microgrid[J].Power System Technology,2013,37(3):575-581.
[9]彭显刚,林利祥,刘艺,等.计及电动汽车和可再生能源不确定因素的多目标分布式电源优化配置[J].电网技术,2015,39(8):2188-2194.PENG Xiangang,LIN Lixiang,LIU Yi,et al.Multi-objective optimal allocation of distributed generation considering uncertainties of plugin electric vehicles and renewable energy sources[J].Power System Technology,2015,39(8):2188-2194.
[10]MAHMOUD K,YORINO N,AHMED A.Optimal distributed generation allocation in distribution systems for loss minimization[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Systems,2016,31(2):960-969.
[11]吴万禄,韦钢,谢丽蓉,等.含分布式电源与充电站的配电网协调规划[J].电力系统保护与控制,2014,42(15):65-73.WU Wanlu,WEI Gang,XIE Lirong,et al.Coordinated planning of distribution network containing charging station and distributed generation[J].Power System Protection and Control,2014,42(15):65-73.
[12]侯建朝,胡群丰,谭忠富,等.计及需求响应的风电-电动汽车协同调度多目标优化模型[J].电力自动化设备,2016,36(7):22-27.HOU Jianchao,HU Qunfeng,TAN Zhongfu,et al.Multi-objective optimization model of collaborative WP-EV dispatch considering demand response[J].Electric Power Automation Equipment,2016,36(7):22-27.
[13]HAFFNER S,PEREIRA L F A,PEREIRA L A,et al.Multistage model for distribution expansion planning with distributed generation-part I:problem formulation[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,2008,23(2):915-923.
[14]唐小波,徐青山,唐国庆.基于“负荷质心”的分布式电源并网优化配置[J].电力自动化设备,2011,31(2):12-16.TANG Xiaobo,XU Qingshan,TANG Guoqing.Optimal configuration based on load centroid for distributed generation grid-connection[J].Electric Power Automation Equipment,2011,31(2):12-16.
[15]WILLIS H L.Analytical methods and rules of thumb for modeling DG-distribution interaction[C]∥Power Engineering Society Summer Meeting.Seattle,Washington,USA:IEEE,2000:1643-1644.
[16]陶思钰,葛晓慧,陈健.含混合能源的并网型微网优化配置[J].浙江电力,2014,33(2):1-6.TAO Siyu,GE Xiaohui,CHEN Jian.Optimal configuration of hybrid grid-connected micro-grid[J].Zhejiang Electric Power,2014,33(2):1-6.
[17]冯仲恺,廖胜利,牛文静,等.梯级水电站群中长期优化调度的正交离散微分动态规划方法[J].中国电机工程学报,2015,35(18):4635-4644.FENG Zhongkai,LIAO Shengli,NIU Wenjing,et al.Orthogonal discrete differential dynamic programming for mid-long term optimal operation of cascade hydropower system[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2015,35(18):4635-4644.
[18]SU L,ZHANG J,WANG C,et al.Identifying main factors of capacity fading in lithium ion cells using orthogonal design of experiments[J].Applied Energy,2016,163:201-210.
[19]宋文.含分布式发电的配电网优化规划研究[D].济南:山东大学,2014.SONG Wen.Research onoptimal planning of the distribution network with distributed generation[D].Jinan:Shandong University,2014.
[20]王守相,王成山.现代配电系统分析[M].2版.北京:高等教育出版社,2014:245-248.
[21]马逢时,周暐,刘传冰.六西格玛管理统计指南:minitab使用指导[M].2版.北京:中国人民大学出版社,2013:538-567.
[22]肖传亮,赵波,周金辉,等.配电网中基于网络分区的高比例分布式光伏集群电压控制[J].电力系统自动化,2017,41(21):147-155.XIAO Chuanliang,ZHAO Bo,ZHOU Jinhui,et al.Network partition based cluster voltage control of high proportion distributed photovoltaic systems in distribution networks[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2017,41(21):147-155.