7种杀菌剂对茼蒿霜霉病的防效试验
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摘要
为筛选出防治茼蒿霜霉病的最佳药剂,采用组织分离纯化的方法,鉴定出病原菌为莴苣盘梗菌(Bremia lactucae)。采用含毒培养基生长速率的方法进行防效试验,测定7种杀菌剂对莴苣盘梗菌的防治效果,结果表明,药后72 h,克菌灵EC50值为1.46 mg/L,毒力指数最大,对莴苣盘梗菌防治效果最显著;安克和大生EC50值分别为4.31、5.63 mg/L,防治效果较显著;甲霜灵的EC50值为9.19 mg/L,防治效果较好;普力克和杀毒矾的EC50值分别为26.31、101.32 mg/L,防治效果一般;优氯特EC50值最大,防治效果最差。药后96 h各药剂对莴苣盘梗菌的防治效果与药后72 h防治效果相似。在7种杀菌剂中克菌灵对莴苣盘梗菌防效最高,防治效果最好。
The aim of this experiment is to screen out the best bactericide for controlling artemisia downy mildew. The pathogenic bacteria were isolated by the method of tissue identification and purification, which was identified as Bremia lactucae. The drug test used the growth rate of toxic medium to determine the inhibitory effect of seven fungicides on downy mildew. The results showed that after 72 h, EC50 of Chlorothalonil was 1.46 mg/L, the virulence index was the highest, and the inhibition was most significant; EC50 of Dimethomorph and Mancozeb was 4.31 and 5.63 mg/L, respectively, the inhibitory effects were significant;EC50 of Metalaxyl Mancozeb was 9.19 mg/L, the inhibitory effect was good; EC50 of Propamocarb and Sandofan was 26.31 and 101.32 mg/L, respectively, the inhibitory effects were common; EC50 of Sodium Dichloroisocyanurate was the highest, and the inhibitory effect was the worst. The inhibitory effect was similar between 72 h and 96 h. Therefore, among the seven fungicides, Chlorothalonil has the best inhibitory effect.
The aim of this experiment is to screen out the best bactericide for controlling artemisia downy mildew. The pathogenic bacteria were isolated by the method of tissue identification and purification, which was identified as Bremia lactucae. The drug test used the growth rate of toxic medium to determine the inhibitory effect of seven fungicides on downy mildew. The results showed that after 72 h, EC50 of Chlorothalonil was 1.46 mg/L, the virulence index was the highest, and the inhibition was most significant; EC50 of Dimethomorph and Mancozeb was 4.31 and 5.63 mg/L, respectively, the inhibitory effects were significant;EC50 of Metalaxyl Mancozeb was 9.19 mg/L, the inhibitory effect was good; EC50 of Propamocarb and Sandofan was 26.31 and 101.32 mg/L, respectively, the inhibitory effects were common; EC50 of Sodium Dichloroisocyanurate was the highest, and the inhibitory effect was the worst. The inhibitory effect was similar between 72 h and 96 h. Therefore, among the seven fungicides, Chlorothalonil has the best inhibitory effect.
引文
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[3]胡锦瑶,孙丹蕾,贾小怀,等.茼蒿的养生价值浅谈[J].安徽农业科学,2014,42(3):709-710.
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[6]陈茂春.综合防治茼蒿霜霉病[N].农资导报,2014-09-19(004).
[7] Song M C, Yang H J, Jeong T S, et al. Heterocyclic compounds from Chrysanthemum coronarium L. and their inhibitory activity on hACAT-1, hACAT-2, and LDL-oxidation[J]. Archives of Pharmacal Research,2008,31(5):573-578.
[8]丁新天,田文会.提高防治霜霉菌药剂防效的若干问题[J].农业市场信息,2002,22(6):79-80.
[9]姚平平.茼蒿主要病害防治技术[J].种业导刊,2012,46(12):26-27.
[10] Ibrahim L F, El-senousy W M, Hawas L W. NMR spectral analysis of flavonoids from Chrysanthemum coronarium[J]. Chemistry of Natural Compounds,2007,43(6):659-662.
[11]魏延萍.茼蒿常见病害的发生与防治[J].吉林蔬菜,2015,20(5):23-24.
[12]尹丽娟.茼蒿主要病害的发生与综合防治[J].吉林蔬菜,2014,21(9):28-29.
[13]徐源.茼蒿霜霉病的发生与防治[J].农业市场信息,2005,30(3):50-51.
[14]张艳菊,戴长春.园艺植物保护学与实验[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2014:244-245.
[15]魏景超.真菌鉴定手册[M].上海:上海科学技术出版社,1979:110-111.
[16]戴芳澜.中国真菌总汇[M].北京:科学出版社,1979:552-553.
[17]黄彰欣.植物化学保护实验指导[M].北京:中国农业出版社,1993:46-47.
[18]唐启义,冯明光.实用统计分析及其DPS数据处理系统[M].北京:科学出版社,2002:22-23.
[19]王玉民.茼蒿霜霉病的发生与防治[J].农村科技开发,2004,21(12):28-29.
[20]孙秀丽,冷德训,姜好胜,等.茼蒿霜霉病的发生与防治[J].蔬菜,2004,44(9):21-22.