浸种温度对红芪(Hedysarum polybotrys)种子发芽的影响
|
摘要
采用初始温度不同的水浸红芪(Hedysarum polybotrys)种荚12h,然后发芽,以不浸种为对照,旨在探寻提高种子发芽质量的预处理方法,为规范化生产提供科学依据。结果表明:红芪种子发芽率进程符合Logistic方程,浸种荚对红芪种子发芽特性具有极显著影响。与对照比较,在20~80℃的水中自然冷却浸种12h均不同程度改善了种子发芽特性。随水温的提高,种子发芽质量先提高后下降;当水温为60℃时发芽质量最佳,发芽率、发芽势和发芽指数分别达80.7%、34.7%和4.994,较对照发芽率34.7%、发芽势4.0%和发芽指数1.865分别增加46.0%、30.7%和3.128;但当水温达80℃时,发芽质量出现下降趋势,但仍显著高于对照和20℃水浸处理的水平。60℃热水浸种12h可软化红芪种荚,增强种子吸水吸胀能力,并稀释降低发芽抑制物,有效提高种子出苗质量和育苗成效。水浸种预处理还可有效精选种子,但经浸种后的种子需拌土小心播种,严防机械损伤。
In order to explore a better pretreatment method to improve the sprouting quality and provide a scientific basis for good agricultural production of Radixhedysari,a seed germination experiment was done after soaking the seed pods of the medical plant in different initial temperatures of water for 12 husing the non-soaking pod seeds as the control.The result showed that the dynamics of germination rate of the plant seeds showed'S'type curve pattern,fitting to Logistic equation.The soaking pretreatments in different initial temperatures of water for 12 hhad great effect on the germination properties of the pod seeds of the plant compared with the control.The germination characteristics were significantly improved in pretreatments of the soaked pod-seeds in hot water at 20-80 ℃for 12 hcooling down spontaneously,respectively.The germination rate of the seeds without shelling increased at first but decreased afterwards with the soaking water temperature rising.The best germination quality for the seeds was found in the soaking pre-treatment in water at 60 ℃,in which the germination rate,germination power and germination index were 80.7%,34.7% and 4.994,which increased by 46.0%,30.7% and 3.128,respectively compared with the corresponding control values(34.7%,4.0%and 1.865).However,when the temperature of water was up to 80℃,the sprouting quality began to be inferior,but still higher than the levels of the control seeds and the pretreatment seeds soaked at 20℃.All above indicated that the soaking pretreatment of the seeds without shelling in hot water at initial temperature of 80 ℃for 12 hcould improve the germination rate and the sprouting quality resulted in setting up good foundation for cultivating health seedlings and improving seedling-culturing benefit.The seed pretreatment soaking in water before sowing also contributed to the seed choiceness effectively ensuring the seed quality for sowing.However,when sowing the soaked seeds attention must be paid to taking strict precautions against various seed damage.
In order to explore a better pretreatment method to improve the sprouting quality and provide a scientific basis for good agricultural production of Radixhedysari,a seed germination experiment was done after soaking the seed pods of the medical plant in different initial temperatures of water for 12 husing the non-soaking pod seeds as the control.The result showed that the dynamics of germination rate of the plant seeds showed'S'type curve pattern,fitting to Logistic equation.The soaking pretreatments in different initial temperatures of water for 12 hhad great effect on the germination properties of the pod seeds of the plant compared with the control.The germination characteristics were significantly improved in pretreatments of the soaked pod-seeds in hot water at 20-80 ℃for 12 hcooling down spontaneously,respectively.The germination rate of the seeds without shelling increased at first but decreased afterwards with the soaking water temperature rising.The best germination quality for the seeds was found in the soaking pre-treatment in water at 60 ℃,in which the germination rate,germination power and germination index were 80.7%,34.7% and 4.994,which increased by 46.0%,30.7% and 3.128,respectively compared with the corresponding control values(34.7%,4.0%and 1.865).However,when the temperature of water was up to 80℃,the sprouting quality began to be inferior,but still higher than the levels of the control seeds and the pretreatment seeds soaked at 20℃.All above indicated that the soaking pretreatment of the seeds without shelling in hot water at initial temperature of 80 ℃for 12 hcould improve the germination rate and the sprouting quality resulted in setting up good foundation for cultivating health seedlings and improving seedling-culturing benefit.The seed pretreatment soaking in water before sowing also contributed to the seed choiceness effectively ensuring the seed quality for sowing.However,when sowing the soaked seeds attention must be paid to taking strict precautions against various seed damage.
引文
[1]国家药典委员会.中华人民共和国药典(一部)[S].北京:中国医药科技出版社,2010:142.
[2]孙星衍,孙冯翼,吴普,等.神农本草经(中卷草部上品)[M].太原:山西科学技术出版社,2010:15.
[3]金智生,汝亚琴,等.中药红芪的实验研究进展[J].甘肃中医学院学报,2003,20(4):52-56.
[4]Dang Z,Feng D,Liu X,et al.Structure and antioxidant activity study of sulfated acetamido-polysaccharide from Radix Hedysari[J].Fitoterapia,2013,89:20-32.
[5]杨智,刘静明,王伏华,等.中药红芪的化学成分研究[J].中国中药杂志,1992,17(10):615-616.
[6]李广民,王维宁,胡妙申,等.中药红芪生药学研究[J].中药通报,1987,12(8):453-455.
[7]Zhang W L,Choi R C Y,Zhan J Y X,et al.Can Hedysari Radix replace Astragali Radix in Danggui Buxue Tang,a Chinese herbal decoction for woman aliment?[J].Phytomedicine,2013,20(12):1076-1081.
[8]Song Q H,Kobayashi T,Xiu L M,et al.Effects of Astragali root and Hedysari root on the murine B and T cell differentiation[J].Journal of Ethnopharmacology,2000,73(1):111-119.
[9]叶菊,蔺海明,程卫东,等.生长年限及坡向对红芪产量和品质的影响[J].草地学报,2013,21(2):288-294.
[10]田宏印.红芪化学成分的研究现状[J].西北民族学院学报(自然科学版),1996,17(1):89-91.
[11]权菊香.红芪的药理研究进展[J].时珍国药研究,1997(8):178-179.
[12]郝丽晓,窦爱兰,高天爱.红芪与黄芪不同成分的研究[J].山西医科大学学报,1999,30(增刊):27.
[13]赵锐明,孙连虎,郭凤霞,等.移栽密度对红芪生长发育及药材产量和质量的影响[J].草业学报,2014,23(3):167-174.
[14]周祥椿,杜久元.红芪的生长发育规律及栽培技术要点[J].甘肃农业科技,1991,(1):35-36.
[15]蔺海明,李瑜,程卫东,等.红芪种子吸水规律及萌发特性的研究[J].中药材,2010,33(11):1680-1683.
[16]王义存,乔旭,张杰,等.红芪优质丰产栽培技术[J].林业实用技术,2012,(5):41-42.
[17]郭凤霞,武志江,陈垣,等.蒙古黄芪种子水浸液对不同种党参种子萌发及幼苗生长的影响[J].中国中药杂志,2012,37(22):3375-3380.
[18]屠彩芸,郭凤霞,李新荣,等.种子预处理对唐古特白刺出苗和幼苗生长的影响[J].中国沙漠,2011,31(4):981-986.
[19]徐向宏,何明珠.试验设计与Design-Expert、SPSS应用[M].北京:科学出版社,2010:9-20.
[20]郭凤霞,常彦莉,林玉红,等.甘肃贝母种子灌浆特性研究[J].草业学报,2010,19(2):97-102.
[21]盖钧镒.试验统计方法[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2000:217-218.
[22]周国勤,张应香,李宇峰,等.信阳234的籽粒灌浆特性及蛋白质、淀粉积累动态研究[J].山东农业科学,2008,1:51-54.
[23]荆志宇,郭凤霞,陈垣,等.蒙古黄芪种子灌浆特性研究[J].草业学报,2011,20(1):161-166.
[24]周云龙.植物生物学[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2000:213-215.
[25]郭巧生.药用植物栽培学[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2004:37-40.
[26]杨世海.中药资源学[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2006:1-42.
[27]石有太,陈垣,郭凤霞,等.掌叶大黄籽粒营养物质积累动态及其发芽特性研究[J].中国中药杂志,2009,34(15):1979-1983.
[28]王进,罗光宏,燕霞,等.荒漠植物苦豆子和苦马豆种子硬实特性与活力关系研究[J].中国沙漠,2011,31(4):974-980.
[29]张鹏,潘水站,张杰,等.陇南红芪无公害栽培技术[J].甘肃农业科技,2005,8:68-69.
[30]张杰,潘水站,张鹏.红芪种子发芽率试验及其育苗技术研究[J].现代农业科技,2011,(4):101-102.
[31]王彦荣,曾彦军.浸种对提高兰引Ⅲ号结缕草种子发芽的影响[J].草业学报,1997,6(2):41-46.
[32]Li C X,Liao M A,Wei Z Q,et al.Effects of different water temperatures on seeds germination of clematis lasiandra maxim[J].Medicinal Plant,2012,3(1):29-34.
[2]孙星衍,孙冯翼,吴普,等.神农本草经(中卷草部上品)[M].太原:山西科学技术出版社,2010:15.
[3]金智生,汝亚琴,等.中药红芪的实验研究进展[J].甘肃中医学院学报,2003,20(4):52-56.
[4]Dang Z,Feng D,Liu X,et al.Structure and antioxidant activity study of sulfated acetamido-polysaccharide from Radix Hedysari[J].Fitoterapia,2013,89:20-32.
[5]杨智,刘静明,王伏华,等.中药红芪的化学成分研究[J].中国中药杂志,1992,17(10):615-616.
[6]李广民,王维宁,胡妙申,等.中药红芪生药学研究[J].中药通报,1987,12(8):453-455.
[7]Zhang W L,Choi R C Y,Zhan J Y X,et al.Can Hedysari Radix replace Astragali Radix in Danggui Buxue Tang,a Chinese herbal decoction for woman aliment?[J].Phytomedicine,2013,20(12):1076-1081.
[8]Song Q H,Kobayashi T,Xiu L M,et al.Effects of Astragali root and Hedysari root on the murine B and T cell differentiation[J].Journal of Ethnopharmacology,2000,73(1):111-119.
[9]叶菊,蔺海明,程卫东,等.生长年限及坡向对红芪产量和品质的影响[J].草地学报,2013,21(2):288-294.
[10]田宏印.红芪化学成分的研究现状[J].西北民族学院学报(自然科学版),1996,17(1):89-91.
[11]权菊香.红芪的药理研究进展[J].时珍国药研究,1997(8):178-179.
[12]郝丽晓,窦爱兰,高天爱.红芪与黄芪不同成分的研究[J].山西医科大学学报,1999,30(增刊):27.
[13]赵锐明,孙连虎,郭凤霞,等.移栽密度对红芪生长发育及药材产量和质量的影响[J].草业学报,2014,23(3):167-174.
[14]周祥椿,杜久元.红芪的生长发育规律及栽培技术要点[J].甘肃农业科技,1991,(1):35-36.
[15]蔺海明,李瑜,程卫东,等.红芪种子吸水规律及萌发特性的研究[J].中药材,2010,33(11):1680-1683.
[16]王义存,乔旭,张杰,等.红芪优质丰产栽培技术[J].林业实用技术,2012,(5):41-42.
[17]郭凤霞,武志江,陈垣,等.蒙古黄芪种子水浸液对不同种党参种子萌发及幼苗生长的影响[J].中国中药杂志,2012,37(22):3375-3380.
[18]屠彩芸,郭凤霞,李新荣,等.种子预处理对唐古特白刺出苗和幼苗生长的影响[J].中国沙漠,2011,31(4):981-986.
[19]徐向宏,何明珠.试验设计与Design-Expert、SPSS应用[M].北京:科学出版社,2010:9-20.
[20]郭凤霞,常彦莉,林玉红,等.甘肃贝母种子灌浆特性研究[J].草业学报,2010,19(2):97-102.
[21]盖钧镒.试验统计方法[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2000:217-218.
[22]周国勤,张应香,李宇峰,等.信阳234的籽粒灌浆特性及蛋白质、淀粉积累动态研究[J].山东农业科学,2008,1:51-54.
[23]荆志宇,郭凤霞,陈垣,等.蒙古黄芪种子灌浆特性研究[J].草业学报,2011,20(1):161-166.
[24]周云龙.植物生物学[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2000:213-215.
[25]郭巧生.药用植物栽培学[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2004:37-40.
[26]杨世海.中药资源学[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2006:1-42.
[27]石有太,陈垣,郭凤霞,等.掌叶大黄籽粒营养物质积累动态及其发芽特性研究[J].中国中药杂志,2009,34(15):1979-1983.
[28]王进,罗光宏,燕霞,等.荒漠植物苦豆子和苦马豆种子硬实特性与活力关系研究[J].中国沙漠,2011,31(4):974-980.
[29]张鹏,潘水站,张杰,等.陇南红芪无公害栽培技术[J].甘肃农业科技,2005,8:68-69.
[30]张杰,潘水站,张鹏.红芪种子发芽率试验及其育苗技术研究[J].现代农业科技,2011,(4):101-102.
[31]王彦荣,曾彦军.浸种对提高兰引Ⅲ号结缕草种子发芽的影响[J].草业学报,1997,6(2):41-46.
[32]Li C X,Liao M A,Wei Z Q,et al.Effects of different water temperatures on seeds germination of clematis lasiandra maxim[J].Medicinal Plant,2012,3(1):29-34.