城市主干道地下小半径平曲线车道加宽安全性研究
|
摘要
随着我国城市可用地的减少和交通的日益拥堵,越来越多的地下道路开始修建。但受到既有建筑的影响,地下道路只能采用一些极限的设计指标,其安全性令设计人员困扰。文章针对我国南方某城市一在建地下主干道实体工程中的小半径平曲线加宽设计问题,开展了驾驶模拟试验研究。加宽前后驾驶行为数据的对比发现:采取外侧物理加宽,并将加宽平均到每个车道,左右转弯小半径平曲线驾驶行为的变化不同。小客车驾驶员在左转弯平曲线处速度会较未加宽的情况下速度更低,且越往外侧车道速度降低幅度也越大;同时内侧车道平曲线后段与相接直线段驾驶员向右侧偏移距离增大,外侧车道驾驶员在整个平曲线段左右摆动幅度增大。小客车驾驶员在加宽的右转弯平曲线处速度受弯道的影响减小,但车辆左右摆动幅度有所增加。这说明地下小半径平曲线车道进行外侧物理加宽可在一定程度上改善驾驶员的视野,但采取将所有加宽平均分配到各个车道的方式不利于小客车驾驶员的驾驶行为稳定性。
With the usable city land being reduced and the traffic congestion becoming severe,more and more underground roads are being built in China.Due to the influence of the existing buildings,designers can only use some limit parameters,thus the safety is being concerned.In this paper,the design of an urban road widening project with the small radius horizontal curve in south China is taken as background,and experiment and study are carried out by driving simulation.Through comparisons and analysis of the driver behavior before and after road widening,it is found that:when taking outer physical widening and distributing the widening averagely to each lane,driver's behavior is different when they turning left and turning right.The driver's speed is lower at the left-turn horizontal curve than that not widened,and the speed decreases more significantly on the outer lane,and at the same time,the deviation towards right side becomes larger at the latter section between horizontal curve and straight line,the swing amplitude towards right and left side of the driver on the whole horizontal curve section becomes larger on the outer lane.The driver suffers minor impact on the widened right-turn curve,but faces larger amplitude of swing.It is indicated that physical widening at underground horizontal curve can to some extent improve the driver's sight,but distribute averagely the widening to each lane is not favorable to the stability of driver's behavior.
With the usable city land being reduced and the traffic congestion becoming severe,more and more underground roads are being built in China.Due to the influence of the existing buildings,designers can only use some limit parameters,thus the safety is being concerned.In this paper,the design of an urban road widening project with the small radius horizontal curve in south China is taken as background,and experiment and study are carried out by driving simulation.Through comparisons and analysis of the driver behavior before and after road widening,it is found that:when taking outer physical widening and distributing the widening averagely to each lane,driver's behavior is different when they turning left and turning right.The driver's speed is lower at the left-turn horizontal curve than that not widened,and the speed decreases more significantly on the outer lane,and at the same time,the deviation towards right side becomes larger at the latter section between horizontal curve and straight line,the swing amplitude towards right and left side of the driver on the whole horizontal curve section becomes larger on the outer lane.The driver suffers minor impact on the widened right-turn curve,but faces larger amplitude of swing.It is indicated that physical widening at underground horizontal curve can to some extent improve the driver's sight,but distribute averagely the widening to each lane is not favorable to the stability of driver's behavior.
引文
[1]罗京,张冬冬,郭腾峰.大型车辆横向稳定性对公路设计极限平曲线半径取值的影响分析[J].中国公路学报,2010,(S2):42-46.
[2]钟小明,陈永胜,张杰,等.公路平曲线路段大型车运行速度模型研究[J].公路交通科技,2005,(12):35-38.
[3]郭腾峰,刘建蓓,汪双杰.基于运行速度特征的公路平曲线设计半径推荐取值研究[J].中国公路学报,2010,(S1):8-12.
[4]潘晓东,殷艳红.基于人机工程学山区公路平曲线安全视距研究[J].华东交通大学学报,2007,(2):55-57.
[5]潘晓东,詹嘉,杜志刚.基于人机工程学的山区公路平曲线设计指标安全评价研究[J].中南公路工程,2007,(3):21-23.
[6]郭根胜,朱守林,杨文光.林区道路平曲线半径对驾驶员生理疲劳影响研究[J].内蒙古农业大学学报:自然科学版,2010,(4):177-181.
[7]郭根胜.基于驾驶员心理生理反应的北方林区公路平曲线半径研究[D].内蒙古农业大学,2008.
[8]文晓媛,戚春华,朱守林.基于驾驶员视觉特性的草原公路平曲线半径研究[J].科学技术与工程,2016,(35):278-282.
[9]田林,许金良,贾兴利.基于驾驶员心率的高海拔地区平曲线半径及车速研究[J].南京理工大学学报,2015,(4):506-510.
[10]郑柯,荣建,任福田.驾驶员行车紧张度与平曲线半径和车速之间关系分析[J].土木工程学报,2003,(7):57-60.
[11]郑柯,江立生,荣建,等.高速公路平曲线半径对行车心生理反应影响研究[J].公路交通科技,2004,(5):5-7.
[12]许金良,王恒,赵利苹,等.考虑横风作用的公路平曲线最小半径研究[J].中国公路学报,2014,(1):38-43.
[13]唐建强,谢德淼,孙家驷.农村公路平曲线极限最小半径的探讨[J].黑龙江交通科技,2008,(11):47-49.
[14]李大为.关于城市过境公路平曲线最小半径的探讨[J].中南公路工程,1989,(1):19-22.
[15]吴志欢,陈飞.风景区道路极限平曲线最小半径取值探讨[J].交通标准化,2007,(12):84-87.
[16]彭绍勇,吴华金.高速公路平曲线加宽的方法[J].云南交通科技,1998,(1):28-31.
[17]彭飞,杨帆.平曲线加宽后内侧边线和中线方程的研究[J].工程图学学报,2007,(6):107-113.
[18]战高峰,徐会杰,朱福.公路平曲线加宽缓和段内侧边线长度计算[J].吉林建筑工程学院学报,2011,(4):19-22.
[2]钟小明,陈永胜,张杰,等.公路平曲线路段大型车运行速度模型研究[J].公路交通科技,2005,(12):35-38.
[3]郭腾峰,刘建蓓,汪双杰.基于运行速度特征的公路平曲线设计半径推荐取值研究[J].中国公路学报,2010,(S1):8-12.
[4]潘晓东,殷艳红.基于人机工程学山区公路平曲线安全视距研究[J].华东交通大学学报,2007,(2):55-57.
[5]潘晓东,詹嘉,杜志刚.基于人机工程学的山区公路平曲线设计指标安全评价研究[J].中南公路工程,2007,(3):21-23.
[6]郭根胜,朱守林,杨文光.林区道路平曲线半径对驾驶员生理疲劳影响研究[J].内蒙古农业大学学报:自然科学版,2010,(4):177-181.
[7]郭根胜.基于驾驶员心理生理反应的北方林区公路平曲线半径研究[D].内蒙古农业大学,2008.
[8]文晓媛,戚春华,朱守林.基于驾驶员视觉特性的草原公路平曲线半径研究[J].科学技术与工程,2016,(35):278-282.
[9]田林,许金良,贾兴利.基于驾驶员心率的高海拔地区平曲线半径及车速研究[J].南京理工大学学报,2015,(4):506-510.
[10]郑柯,荣建,任福田.驾驶员行车紧张度与平曲线半径和车速之间关系分析[J].土木工程学报,2003,(7):57-60.
[11]郑柯,江立生,荣建,等.高速公路平曲线半径对行车心生理反应影响研究[J].公路交通科技,2004,(5):5-7.
[12]许金良,王恒,赵利苹,等.考虑横风作用的公路平曲线最小半径研究[J].中国公路学报,2014,(1):38-43.
[13]唐建强,谢德淼,孙家驷.农村公路平曲线极限最小半径的探讨[J].黑龙江交通科技,2008,(11):47-49.
[14]李大为.关于城市过境公路平曲线最小半径的探讨[J].中南公路工程,1989,(1):19-22.
[15]吴志欢,陈飞.风景区道路极限平曲线最小半径取值探讨[J].交通标准化,2007,(12):84-87.
[16]彭绍勇,吴华金.高速公路平曲线加宽的方法[J].云南交通科技,1998,(1):28-31.
[17]彭飞,杨帆.平曲线加宽后内侧边线和中线方程的研究[J].工程图学学报,2007,(6):107-113.
[18]战高峰,徐会杰,朱福.公路平曲线加宽缓和段内侧边线长度计算[J].吉林建筑工程学院学报,2011,(4):19-22.