基于社会嵌入视角的企业可见性和脆弱性对利益相关者压力的反应
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摘要
基于社会嵌入的视角,本文揭示了企业在利益相关者网络中的两个基本特征(可见性和脆弱性)对利益相关者压力反应的影响及其冗余资源的调节作用。通过258名MBA学员的问卷调查得出:企业的结构嵌入和关系嵌入分别对利益相关者压力反应具有正向影响;可见性在结构嵌入与利益相关者压力反应的关系中起部分中介作用,脆弱性在关系嵌入与利益相关者压力反应的关系中起完全中介作用;这一中介机制受到企业冗余资源的正向调节,同时验证了一个较为复杂的有调节的中介效应。
Based on the perspective of social embeddedness,this paper reveals the impact of two basic characteristics( visibility and vulnerability) on firm's response to stakeholder pressure and the moderating effect of slack resource.Using the date from 258 MBA students,the results show that( 1) firm's structural embeddedness and relational embeddedness both have a significant positive impact on stakeholder pressure;( 2) firm's visibility partly mediates the relation between structural embeddedness and its response to stakeholder pressure,while firm vulnerability fully mediates the relation between relational embeddedness and its response to stakeholder pressure;( 3) this mediated mechanism is positively moderated by slack resource,and further validates a more complex moderated mediation effect.
Based on the perspective of social embeddedness,this paper reveals the impact of two basic characteristics( visibility and vulnerability) on firm's response to stakeholder pressure and the moderating effect of slack resource.Using the date from 258 MBA students,the results show that( 1) firm's structural embeddedness and relational embeddedness both have a significant positive impact on stakeholder pressure;( 2) firm's visibility partly mediates the relation between structural embeddedness and its response to stakeholder pressure,while firm vulnerability fully mediates the relation between relational embeddedness and its response to stakeholder pressure;( 3) this mediated mechanism is positively moderated by slack resource,and further validates a more complex moderated mediation effect.
引文
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[25]Bourgeois L J.On the measurement of organizational slack[J].Academy of Management Review,1981,6(1):29-39.
[26]李志刚,汤书昆,梁晓艳,等.产业集群网络结构与企业创新绩效关系研究[J].科学学研究,2007,25(4):777-782.
[27]任胜钢,吴娟,王龙伟.网络嵌入结构对企业创新行为影响的实证研究[J].管理工程学报,2011,25(4):75-80.
[28]张方华.网络嵌入影响企业创新绩效的概念模型与实证分析[J].中国工业经济,2010,(4):110-119.
[29]Bansal P.Evolving sustainably:a longitudinal study of corporate sustainable development[J].Strategic Management Journal,2005,26(3):197-218.
[30]Edwards J R,Lambert L S.Methods for integrating moderation and mediation:a general analytical framework using moderated path analysis[J].Psychological Methods,2007,12(1):1-22.
[2]Clarkson M.A stakeholder framework for analyzing and evaluating corporate social performance[J].Academy of Management Review,1995,20(1):92-117.
[3]Berman S L,Wicks A C,Kotha S,et al..Does stakeholder orientation matter?The relationship between stakeholder management models and firm financial performance[J].Academy of Management Journal,1999,42(5):488-506.
[4]Murillo-Luna J,Garcés-Ayerbe C,Rivera-Torres P.Why do patterns of environmental response differ?A stakeholders’pressure approach[J].Strategic Management Journal,2008,29(11):1225-1240.
[5]Freeman R E.Strategic management:a stakeholder approach[M].Marshfield,MA:Pitman Publishing,1984.
[6]Nohria N.Is a network perspective a useful way of studying organizations[M].Boston:Harvard Business School Press,1992.
[7]Rowley T J.Moving beyond dyadic ties:a network theory of stakeholder influences[J].Academy of Management Review,1997,22(4):887-910.
[8]Powell W W,Koput K W,Smith-Doerrl L.Interorganizational collaboration and the locus of innovation:networks of learning in biotechnology[J].Administrative Science Quarterly,1996,41(1):116-145.
[9]Uzzi B.The sources and consequences of embeddedness for the economic performance of organizations:the network effect[J].American Sociological Review,1996,61(4):674-698.
[10]Brammer S,Millington A.Firm size,organizational visibility and corporate philanthropy:an empirical analysis[J].Business Ethics:A European Review,2006,15(1):6-18.
[11]Goodstein J D.Institutional pressures and strategic responsiveness:employer involvement in work family issues[J].Academy of Management Journal,1994,37(2):350-382.
[12]Cyert R M,March J G.A behavioral theory of the firm[M].Englewood Cliffs,NJ:Prentice-Hall,1963.
[13]Polanyi K.The great transformation the political and economic origins of our time[M].Boston:Beacon Press,1957.
[14]Granovetter M,Swedberg R.The sociology of economic life[M].Boulder:Westview Press,1992.
[15]Granovetter M.Economic action and social structure:the problem of embeddedness[J].American Journal of Sociology,1985,91(3):481-510.
[16]Gulati R,Nohria N,Zaheer A.Strategic networks[J].Strategic Management Journal,2000,21(3):201-215.
[17]Galaskiewicz J,Zaheer A.Networks of competitive advantage[M].Greenwich,CT:JAI Press,1999.
[18]Di Maggio P J,Powell W W.The iron cage revisited:institutional isomorphism and collective rationality in organizational fields[J].American Sociological Review,1983,48(2):147-160.
[19]Julian S D,Ofori-Dankwa J C,Justis R T.Understanding strategic responses to interest group pressures[J].Strategic Management Journal,2008,29(9):963-984.
[20]Carter S M.The interaction of top management group,stakeholder,and situational factors on certain corporate reputation management activities[J].Journal of Management Studies,2006,43(5):1145-1176.
[21]Oliver C.Strategic responses to institutional processes[J].Academy of Management Review,1991,16(1):145-179.
[22]Adger N W,Brooks N,Bentham G.New indicators of vulnerability and adaptative capacity[J].Tyndall Centre Technical Report,2004,23(7):67-72.
[23]Pfeffer J,Salancik G R.The external control of organizations:a resource dependence perspective[M].Harper&Row:New York,1978.
[24]Kassinis G,Vafeas N.Stakeholder pressures and environmental performance[J].Academy of Management Journal,2006,49(1):145-159.
[25]Bourgeois L J.On the measurement of organizational slack[J].Academy of Management Review,1981,6(1):29-39.
[26]李志刚,汤书昆,梁晓艳,等.产业集群网络结构与企业创新绩效关系研究[J].科学学研究,2007,25(4):777-782.
[27]任胜钢,吴娟,王龙伟.网络嵌入结构对企业创新行为影响的实证研究[J].管理工程学报,2011,25(4):75-80.
[28]张方华.网络嵌入影响企业创新绩效的概念模型与实证分析[J].中国工业经济,2010,(4):110-119.
[29]Bansal P.Evolving sustainably:a longitudinal study of corporate sustainable development[J].Strategic Management Journal,2005,26(3):197-218.
[30]Edwards J R,Lambert L S.Methods for integrating moderation and mediation:a general analytical framework using moderated path analysis[J].Psychological Methods,2007,12(1):1-22.