露天煤矿区植被变化遥感监测与受损程度评估
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摘要
以青海省聚乎更露天煤矿区为研究区,利用2001～2016年TM影像,提取了研究区植被覆盖度。以每3 a为一个时间节点,对6期数据进行像元尺度上的线性回归,首先分析了研究区内植被覆盖度变化趋势,并通过植被等级转移矩阵展现不同等级植被间的转移情况;再结合t分布,定量评估了研究区植被受损情况;最后利用剖面分析揭示了研究区恢复治理情况。结果表明,研究区植被长势整体上与时间推移呈负向变化趋势;露天采场、排土场等场地的修建直接摧毁了原有植被,高植被覆盖度区域受损最严重,矿区周边植被受影响程度与距离呈负相关;区内已全面开展恢复治理工作,部分渣山治理效果较为显著。
Taking Juhugeng opencast coal mine area in Qinghai Province as the research area, we extracted vegetation coverage by making use of TM images from 2001 to 2016 in this paper. First of all, we analyzed the change trend of vegetation coverage by linear regression of the 6-level data at a time node of every 3 years, and demonstrated the transferring situation between different grades vegetation through the vegetation grade transfer matrix. And then, combining with t distribution, we quantitative assessed the vegetation damage of the study area. At last, we used profile analysis to reveal the situation of restore. The results indicate that the growth of vegetation in the study area shows a negative trend. The constructions of open pit, mine dump and other fields have directly destroyed the original vegetation. High vegetation coverage area has been most severely damaged. The vegetations in the mine surrounding area are negatively correlated with the distance. The restore and governance work has been implemented in the study area, and especially has an obvious effect on the slag mountain area.
Taking Juhugeng opencast coal mine area in Qinghai Province as the research area, we extracted vegetation coverage by making use of TM images from 2001 to 2016 in this paper. First of all, we analyzed the change trend of vegetation coverage by linear regression of the 6-level data at a time node of every 3 years, and demonstrated the transferring situation between different grades vegetation through the vegetation grade transfer matrix. And then, combining with t distribution, we quantitative assessed the vegetation damage of the study area. At last, we used profile analysis to reveal the situation of restore. The results indicate that the growth of vegetation in the study area shows a negative trend. The constructions of open pit, mine dump and other fields have directly destroyed the original vegetation. High vegetation coverage area has been most severely damaged. The vegetations in the mine surrounding area are negatively correlated with the distance. The restore and governance work has been implemented in the study area, and especially has an obvious effect on the slag mountain area.
引文
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[14]芮建勋.基于遥感影像的城市景观信息图谱及其模型系统研究[D].上海:华东师范大学, 2006
[2]郭栋.浅谈露天煤矿对环境的影响及治理对策[J].中小企业管理与科技(下旬刊), 2010(7):210
[3]张世文,宁汇荣,许大亮,等.草原区露天煤矿植被覆盖度时空演变与驱动因素分析[J].农业工程学报, 2016,32(17):233-241
[4]李恒凯,雷军,杨柳.基于L a n d s a t影像的离子稀土矿区植被覆盖度提取及景观格局分析[J].农业工程学报,2016,32(10):267-276
[5]谢宝妮,秦占飞,王洋,等.黄土高原植被净初级生产力时空变化及其影响因素[J].农业工程学报, 2014,30(11):244-253
[6]马世斌,李生辉,安萍,等.青海省聚乎更煤矿区矿山地质环境遥感监测及质量评价[J].国土资源遥感, 2015,27(2):139-145
[7]郝津山.关于聚乎更一露天煤矿排土场土地复垦的讨论[J].低碳地产, 2016,2(18):430-431
[8]矫林涛.基于蓝噪声理论的多特征遥感图像森林植被纹理分割[D].大连:辽宁师范大学, 2015
[9]刘广峰,吴波,范文义,等.基于像元二分模型的沙漠化地区植被覆盖度提取:以毛乌素沙地为例[J].水土保持研究,2007,14(2):268-271
[10]马红斌,王庆,王秦湘.基于NDVI的多沙粗沙区植被覆盖度研究[J].人民黄河, 2012,34(12):94-95
[11]李帅,陈莉,任玉玉. 1951/1952~2004/2005年中国冬季降水变化研究[J].热带气象学报,2008,24(1):94-98
[12]任健美,尤莉,高建峰,等.鄂尔多斯高原近40a气候变化研究[J].中国沙漠,2005,25(6):874-879
[13]刘瑞,朱道林.基于转移矩阵的土地利用变化信息挖掘方法探讨[J].资源科学, 2010,32(8):1 544-1 550
[14]芮建勋.基于遥感影像的城市景观信息图谱及其模型系统研究[D].上海:华东师范大学, 2006