硒预处理对镉胁迫下荷花幼苗生长和生理的影响
|
摘要
研究了不同浓度硒(Se)预处理(0、3、6、12、24和48μmol·L~(-1) Se)对镉(Cd)胁迫(25μmol·L~(-1) Cd)下荷花(Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn.)品种‘微山湖红莲’(‘Weishanhuhonglian’)幼苗生长和生理特性的影响。结果表明:Se_0-Cd_(25)(0μmol·L~(-1) Se-25μmol·L~(-1) Cd)处理组荷花品种‘微山湖红莲’幼苗受Cd毒害最严重,叶片黄化;随着Se浓度的提高,幼苗受Cd毒害有所缓解,但Se浓度过高时幼苗生长较弱,部分叶片出现枯萎。与CK(0μmol·L~(-1) Se-0μmol·L~(-1) Cd)组相比,Se_0-Cd_(25)处理组荷花品种‘微山湖红莲’幼苗叶片中光合色素含量和叶绿素a/b值,叶片、叶柄和根中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和过氧化物酶(POD)活性以及谷胱甘肽(GSH)含量总体上显著(P<0.05)降低,丙二醛(MDA)含量显著升高。随着Se浓度的提高,荷花品种‘微山湖红莲’幼苗叶片中光合色素含量和叶绿素a/b值,叶片、叶柄和根中SOD和POD活性以及GSH含量总体呈先升高后降低的趋势;叶片和叶柄中MDA含量呈先降低后略有升高的趋势,根中MDA含量呈逐渐降低的趋势;叶片、叶柄和根中Se含量呈逐渐升高的趋势,Cd含量呈先降低后升高的趋势。6个处理组中,Se_(24)-Cd_(25)(24μmol·L~(-1) Se-25μmol·L~(-1) Cd)处理组荷花品种‘微山湖红莲’幼苗叶片中光合色素含量和叶绿素a/b值最高,叶片、叶柄和根中MDA含量较低,叶片中Cd含量最低;Se_(12)-Cd_(25)(12μmol·L~(-1) Se-25μmol·L~(-1) Cd)和Se_(24)-Cd_(25)处理组叶片、叶柄和根中SOD和POD活性以及GSH含量较高,叶柄和根中Cd含量最低。总体上看,各处理组SOD和POD活性以及GSH和Cd含量在叶片中最高,在叶柄中次之,在根中最低;MDA含量在根中最高,在叶柄中次之,在叶片中最低;Se含量则在叶片中最高,在根中次之,在叶柄中最低。研究结果表明:适宜浓度(12～24μmol·L~(-1))的Se预处理可以有效缓解Cd胁迫对荷花品种‘微山湖红莲’幼苗的毒害,有助于提高其对Cd的耐性。
Effects of selenium(Se) pretreatment at different concentrations(0, 3, 6, 12, 24, and 48 μmol·L~(-1) Se) on growth and physiological characteristics of seedlings of cultivar ‘Weishanhuhonglian' of Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn. under cadmium(Cd) stress(25 μmol·L~(-1) Cd) were investigated. The results show that Cd toxicity to seedlings of cultivar ‘Weishanhuhonglian' of N. nucifera in Se_0-Cd_(25)(0 μmol·L~(-1) Se-25 μmol·L~(-1) Cd) treatment group is the most serious, and the blades are yellowing. With enhancing of Se concentration, Cd toxicity to seedlings is alleviated, but when Se concentration is too high, the seedling growth is relatively weak, and some of blades appear withered. Compared with CK(0 μmol·L~(-1) Se-0 μmol·L~(-1) Cd) group, photosynthetic pigment content and chlorophyll a/b value in blade, and activities of superoxide dismutase(SOD) and peroxidase(POD) and glutathione(GSH) content in blade, petiole, and root of seedlings of cultivar ‘Weishanhuhonglian' of N. nucifera in Se_0-Cd_(25) treatment group decrease significantly(P<0.05) in general, and MDA content increases significantly. With enhancing of Se concentration, photosynthetic pigment content and chlorophyll a/b value in blade, SOD and POD activities and GSH content in blade, petiole, and root of seedlings of cultivar ‘Weishanhuhonglian' of N. nucifera generally show a tendency of first increase and then decrease; MDA content in blade and petiole shows a tendency of first decrease and then increase slightly, while that in root shows a tendency of decrease gradually; Se content in blade, petiole, and root shows a tendency of increase gradually, while Cd content shows a tendency of first decrease and then increase. Among 6 treatment groups, photosynthetic pigment content and chlorophyll a/b value in blade of seedlings of cultivar ‘Weishanhuhonglian' of N. nucifera in Se_(24)-Cd_(25)(24 μmol·L~(-1) Se-25 μmol·L~(-1) Cd) treatment group are the highest, while MDA content in blade, petiole, and root is relatively low, and Cd content in blade is the lowest; SOD and POD activities and GSH content in blade, petiole, and root in Se_(12)-Cd_(25)(12 μmol·L~(-1) Se-25 μmol·L~(-1) Cd) and Se_(24)-Cd_(25) treatment groups are relatively high in general, while Cd content in petiole and root is the lowest. Overall, SOD and POD activities and GSH and Cd contents are the highest in blade, come second in petiole, and are the lowest in root in each treatment group; MDA content is the highest in root, comes second in petiole, and is the lowest in blade; Se content is the highest in blade, comes second in root, and is the lowest in petiole. It is suggested that proper concentration(12-24 μmol·L~(-1)) of Se pretreatment can effectively alleviate the toxicity of Cd stress on seedlings of cultivar ‘Weishanhuhonglian' of N. nucifera, and can help to enhance its tolerance to Cd.
Effects of selenium(Se) pretreatment at different concentrations(0, 3, 6, 12, 24, and 48 μmol·L~(-1) Se) on growth and physiological characteristics of seedlings of cultivar ‘Weishanhuhonglian' of Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn. under cadmium(Cd) stress(25 μmol·L~(-1) Cd) were investigated. The results show that Cd toxicity to seedlings of cultivar ‘Weishanhuhonglian' of N. nucifera in Se_0-Cd_(25)(0 μmol·L~(-1) Se-25 μmol·L~(-1) Cd) treatment group is the most serious, and the blades are yellowing. With enhancing of Se concentration, Cd toxicity to seedlings is alleviated, but when Se concentration is too high, the seedling growth is relatively weak, and some of blades appear withered. Compared with CK(0 μmol·L~(-1) Se-0 μmol·L~(-1) Cd) group, photosynthetic pigment content and chlorophyll a/b value in blade, and activities of superoxide dismutase(SOD) and peroxidase(POD) and glutathione(GSH) content in blade, petiole, and root of seedlings of cultivar ‘Weishanhuhonglian' of N. nucifera in Se_0-Cd_(25) treatment group decrease significantly(P<0.05) in general, and MDA content increases significantly. With enhancing of Se concentration, photosynthetic pigment content and chlorophyll a/b value in blade, SOD and POD activities and GSH content in blade, petiole, and root of seedlings of cultivar ‘Weishanhuhonglian' of N. nucifera generally show a tendency of first increase and then decrease; MDA content in blade and petiole shows a tendency of first decrease and then increase slightly, while that in root shows a tendency of decrease gradually; Se content in blade, petiole, and root shows a tendency of increase gradually, while Cd content shows a tendency of first decrease and then increase. Among 6 treatment groups, photosynthetic pigment content and chlorophyll a/b value in blade of seedlings of cultivar ‘Weishanhuhonglian' of N. nucifera in Se_(24)-Cd_(25)(24 μmol·L~(-1) Se-25 μmol·L~(-1) Cd) treatment group are the highest, while MDA content in blade, petiole, and root is relatively low, and Cd content in blade is the lowest; SOD and POD activities and GSH content in blade, petiole, and root in Se_(12)-Cd_(25)(12 μmol·L~(-1) Se-25 μmol·L~(-1) Cd) and Se_(24)-Cd_(25) treatment groups are relatively high in general, while Cd content in petiole and root is the lowest. Overall, SOD and POD activities and GSH and Cd contents are the highest in blade, come second in petiole, and are the lowest in root in each treatment group; MDA content is the highest in root, comes second in petiole, and is the lowest in blade; Se content is the highest in blade, comes second in root, and is the lowest in petiole. It is suggested that proper concentration(12-24 μmol·L~(-1)) of Se pretreatment can effectively alleviate the toxicity of Cd stress on seedlings of cultivar ‘Weishanhuhonglian' of N. nucifera, and can help to enhance its tolerance to Cd.
引文
[1] YUAN G L,LIU C,CHEN L,et al.Inputting history of heavy metals into the inland lake recorded in sediment profiles:Poyang Lake in China [J].Journal of Hazardous Materials,2011,185(1):336-345.
[2] FERNANDES A R,MORTIMER D N,ROSE M,et al.Occurrence of dioxins (PCDDs,PCDFs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in wild,farmed and processed fish,and shellfish[J].Food Additives and Contaminants:Part B,2009,2(1):15-20.
[3] ROSE M,FERNANDES A,MORTIMER D,et al.Contamination of fish in UK fresh water systems:risk assessment for human consumption[J].Chemosphere,2015,122:183-189.
[4] 陈同斌,黄启飞,高定,等.中国城市污泥的重金属含量及其变化趋势[J].环境科学学报,2003,23(5):561-569.
[5] 刘伸伸,张震,何金铃,等.水生植物对氮磷及重金属污染水体的净化作用[J].浙江农林大学学报,2016,33(5):910-919.
[6] 张玉秀,于飞,张媛雅,等.植物对重金属镉的吸收转运和累积机制[J].中国生态农业学报,2008,16(5):1317-1321.
[7] 种云霄,胡洪营,钱易.大型水生植物在水污染治理中的应用研究进展[J].环境污染治理技术与设备,2003,4(2):36-40.
[8] 宋力,黄勤超,黄民生.利用荷花与睡莲对沉积物中重金属的修复研究[J].光谱学与光谱分析,2016,36(9):2884-2888.
[9] 施雪黎.水湿生植物中Cd和Pb的积累研究[D].杭州:浙江大学农学院,2016:27-30.
[10] 孔德政,裴康康,李永华,等.铅、镉和锌胁迫对荷花生理生化的影响[J].河南农业大学学报,2010,44(4):402-407.
[11] 袁满,徐迎春,牛叶青,等.乙烯与NO互作对镉胁迫下荷花的抗坏血酸-谷胱甘肽循环的影响[J].应用生态学报,2018,29(10):3433-3440.
[12] 朱善良.硒的生物学作用及其研究进展[J].生物学通报,2004,39(6):6-8.
[13] 王丽霞.硒元素的植物生理作用及生理机制研究进展[J].安徽农业科学,2010,38(1):31-32,47.
[14] 廖琳,胡晓荣,李晖,等.生态环境中镉对生物体毒性作用机理及硒对该毒性拮抗作用的研究进展[J].四川环境,2002,21(2):21-24.
[15] 袁思莉,余垚,万亚男,等.硒缓解植物重金属胁迫和累积的机制[J].农业资源与环境学报,2014,31(6):545-550.
[16] ALYEMENI M N,AHANGER M A,WIJAYA L,et al.Selenium mitigates cadmium-induced oxidative stress in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) plants by modulating chlorophyll fluorescence,osmolyte accumulation,and antioxidant system[J].Protoplasma,2018,255(2):459-469.
[17] SAIDI I,CHTOUROU Y,DJEBALI W.Selenium alleviates cadmium toxicity by preventing oxidative stress in sun flower (Helianthus annuus) seedlings[J].Journal of Plant Physiology,2014,171(5):85-91.
[18] 周健,郝苗,刘永红,等.不同价态硒缓解小油菜镉胁迫的生理机制[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2017,23(2):444-450.
[19] 蔡庆生.植物生理学实验[M].北京:中国农业大学出版社,2013.
[20] 赵世杰,许长成,邹琦,等.植物组织中丙二醛测定方法的改进[J].植物生理学通讯,1994,30(3):207-210.
[21] 薛瑞玲,梁东丽,吴雄平,等.亚硒酸钠和硒酸钠对小白菜生长生理特性的影响[J].西北植物学报,2010,30(5):974-980.
[22] 王晋民,赵之重,李国荣.硒对胡萝卜含硒量、产量及品质的影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2006,12(2):240-244.
[23] 李登超,朱祝军,韩秋敏,等.硒对菠菜、小白菜生长及抗氧化活性的研究[J].上海交通大学学报(农业科学版),2003,21(1):5-8.
[24] 江行玉,赵可夫.植物重金属伤害及其抗性机理[J].应用与环境生物学报,2001,7(1):92-99.
[25] 邢艳帅,朱桂芬.重金属对水生生物的生态毒理效应及生物耐受机制研究进展[J].生态毒理学报,2017,12(3):13-26.
[26] 张海英,韩涛,田磊,等.草莓叶面施硒对其重金属镉和铅积累的影响[J].园艺学报,2011,38(3):409-416.
[27] 陈彪,李继伟,王小东,等.外源硒对干旱胁迫下烤烟生长和生理特性的影响[J].植物生理学报,2018,54(1):165-172.
[28] 杨英豪.重金属镉胁迫对睡莲生理生态效应的研究[D].南京:南京农业大学园艺学院,2013:30.
[2] FERNANDES A R,MORTIMER D N,ROSE M,et al.Occurrence of dioxins (PCDDs,PCDFs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in wild,farmed and processed fish,and shellfish[J].Food Additives and Contaminants:Part B,2009,2(1):15-20.
[3] ROSE M,FERNANDES A,MORTIMER D,et al.Contamination of fish in UK fresh water systems:risk assessment for human consumption[J].Chemosphere,2015,122:183-189.
[4] 陈同斌,黄启飞,高定,等.中国城市污泥的重金属含量及其变化趋势[J].环境科学学报,2003,23(5):561-569.
[5] 刘伸伸,张震,何金铃,等.水生植物对氮磷及重金属污染水体的净化作用[J].浙江农林大学学报,2016,33(5):910-919.
[6] 张玉秀,于飞,张媛雅,等.植物对重金属镉的吸收转运和累积机制[J].中国生态农业学报,2008,16(5):1317-1321.
[7] 种云霄,胡洪营,钱易.大型水生植物在水污染治理中的应用研究进展[J].环境污染治理技术与设备,2003,4(2):36-40.
[8] 宋力,黄勤超,黄民生.利用荷花与睡莲对沉积物中重金属的修复研究[J].光谱学与光谱分析,2016,36(9):2884-2888.
[9] 施雪黎.水湿生植物中Cd和Pb的积累研究[D].杭州:浙江大学农学院,2016:27-30.
[10] 孔德政,裴康康,李永华,等.铅、镉和锌胁迫对荷花生理生化的影响[J].河南农业大学学报,2010,44(4):402-407.
[11] 袁满,徐迎春,牛叶青,等.乙烯与NO互作对镉胁迫下荷花的抗坏血酸-谷胱甘肽循环的影响[J].应用生态学报,2018,29(10):3433-3440.
[12] 朱善良.硒的生物学作用及其研究进展[J].生物学通报,2004,39(6):6-8.
[13] 王丽霞.硒元素的植物生理作用及生理机制研究进展[J].安徽农业科学,2010,38(1):31-32,47.
[14] 廖琳,胡晓荣,李晖,等.生态环境中镉对生物体毒性作用机理及硒对该毒性拮抗作用的研究进展[J].四川环境,2002,21(2):21-24.
[15] 袁思莉,余垚,万亚男,等.硒缓解植物重金属胁迫和累积的机制[J].农业资源与环境学报,2014,31(6):545-550.
[16] ALYEMENI M N,AHANGER M A,WIJAYA L,et al.Selenium mitigates cadmium-induced oxidative stress in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) plants by modulating chlorophyll fluorescence,osmolyte accumulation,and antioxidant system[J].Protoplasma,2018,255(2):459-469.
[17] SAIDI I,CHTOUROU Y,DJEBALI W.Selenium alleviates cadmium toxicity by preventing oxidative stress in sun flower (Helianthus annuus) seedlings[J].Journal of Plant Physiology,2014,171(5):85-91.
[18] 周健,郝苗,刘永红,等.不同价态硒缓解小油菜镉胁迫的生理机制[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2017,23(2):444-450.
[19] 蔡庆生.植物生理学实验[M].北京:中国农业大学出版社,2013.
[20] 赵世杰,许长成,邹琦,等.植物组织中丙二醛测定方法的改进[J].植物生理学通讯,1994,30(3):207-210.
[21] 薛瑞玲,梁东丽,吴雄平,等.亚硒酸钠和硒酸钠对小白菜生长生理特性的影响[J].西北植物学报,2010,30(5):974-980.
[22] 王晋民,赵之重,李国荣.硒对胡萝卜含硒量、产量及品质的影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2006,12(2):240-244.
[23] 李登超,朱祝军,韩秋敏,等.硒对菠菜、小白菜生长及抗氧化活性的研究[J].上海交通大学学报(农业科学版),2003,21(1):5-8.
[24] 江行玉,赵可夫.植物重金属伤害及其抗性机理[J].应用与环境生物学报,2001,7(1):92-99.
[25] 邢艳帅,朱桂芬.重金属对水生生物的生态毒理效应及生物耐受机制研究进展[J].生态毒理学报,2017,12(3):13-26.
[26] 张海英,韩涛,田磊,等.草莓叶面施硒对其重金属镉和铅积累的影响[J].园艺学报,2011,38(3):409-416.
[27] 陈彪,李继伟,王小东,等.外源硒对干旱胁迫下烤烟生长和生理特性的影响[J].植物生理学报,2018,54(1):165-172.
[28] 杨英豪.重金属镉胁迫对睡莲生理生态效应的研究[D].南京:南京农业大学园艺学院,2013:30.