不同蜂箱类型对中蜂蜂蜜品质的影响
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摘要
【目的】探明不同蜂箱类型对中华蜜蜂(中蜂)蜂蜜质量的影响,为生产应用提供依据。【方法】采用原始木桶、平箱和浅继箱3种类型蜂箱进行饲养,测定3种蜂箱饲养中蜂蜂蜜的理化性质、营养成分、有毒有害物质含量及农兽药残留量,并对其安全性进行评价。【结果】3种蜂箱饲养蜂蜜的水分、灰分、蔗糖含量、酸度、还原糖和淀粉酶活性等理化指标均符合国家标准,但浅继箱饲养蜂蜜的淀粉酶活性明显高于其余2种类型蜂箱; 3种蜂箱饲养蜂蜜的总氨基酸和蛋白质含量相互间均存在显著性差异,其中浅继箱饲养其总氨基酸和蛋白质含量均最高; 3种蜂箱饲养蜂蜜所含有毒有害物质均符合国标无公害蜂产品的标准,但浅继箱饲养的蜂蜜有毒有害物质铁的含量最低;不同蜂箱饲养的蜂蜜样品中均未检出六六六、滴滴涕和四环素族抗生素。【结论】3种蜂箱饲养中蜂均对其蜂蜜的营养成分及品质产生影响,以浅继箱饲养蜂蜜的品质最好。
【Objective】The present paper was conducted to discuss the effect of different beehive types on honey quality of Apis cerana to provide the scientific basis for production application. 【Method】The physio-chemical properties,nutritional components,toxic and harmful substance content,and pest and veterinary medicine residual quantity in honey of Apis cerana fed in three beehives of original barrel,plat box and shallow box were determined and the safety of honey quality was evaluated. 【Result】The physio-chemical indexes of water,ash,cane sugar,reducing sugar content,acidity and amylase activity of honey of Apis cerana fed in three different beehives all accord with national standard but the amylase activity of honey of Apis cerana fed in a shallow box is higher than other two beehives obviously. There are significant differences in total amino acid content and protein content among three different beehives but total amino acid and protein content in honey of Apis cerana fed in a shallow box is the highest among three different beehives. The toxic and harmful substance content in honey of Apis cerana fed in three different beehives accords with national standard but the Fe content in honey of Apis cerana fed in a shallow box is the minimum. BHC,DDT and Tet in honey of Apis cerana fed in three different beehives all are not detected. 【Conclusion】Three different beehives have the effects on nutritional components and quality of Apis cerana honey but the honey quality of Apis cerana fed in a shallow box is the best.
【Objective】The present paper was conducted to discuss the effect of different beehive types on honey quality of Apis cerana to provide the scientific basis for production application. 【Method】The physio-chemical properties,nutritional components,toxic and harmful substance content,and pest and veterinary medicine residual quantity in honey of Apis cerana fed in three beehives of original barrel,plat box and shallow box were determined and the safety of honey quality was evaluated. 【Result】The physio-chemical indexes of water,ash,cane sugar,reducing sugar content,acidity and amylase activity of honey of Apis cerana fed in three different beehives all accord with national standard but the amylase activity of honey of Apis cerana fed in a shallow box is higher than other two beehives obviously. There are significant differences in total amino acid content and protein content among three different beehives but total amino acid and protein content in honey of Apis cerana fed in a shallow box is the highest among three different beehives. The toxic and harmful substance content in honey of Apis cerana fed in three different beehives accords with national standard but the Fe content in honey of Apis cerana fed in a shallow box is the minimum. BHC,DDT and Tet in honey of Apis cerana fed in three different beehives all are not detected. 【Conclusion】Three different beehives have the effects on nutritional components and quality of Apis cerana honey but the honey quality of Apis cerana fed in a shallow box is the best.
引文
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[5]盛文胜,江军山,王训斌,等.不同蜂蜜中果糖、葡萄糖和蔗糖的含量测定[J].安徽农业科学,2010,38(30):17182-17183.
[6]孙建民,刘博静,孙汉文,等.不同产地蜂蜜中若干金属元素含量的分布比较[J].河北大学学报,2010,30(3):271-274.
[7]裴高璞,史波林,赵镭,等. 3种蜜源蜂蜜香气成分差异化信息分析研究[J].食品科技,2014,39(2):68-73.
[8]罗红霞,王丽,李淑荣. 10种蜂蜜中的抗氧化物质及其抗氧化能力分析[J].食品安全质量检测学报,2015,6(2):626-632.
[9]李钦龙.不同蜂蜜中蛋白质的差异性研究[D].福建农林大学,2012:32-34.
[10]祁文忠,梅绚,师鹏珍,等.不同类型蜂箱对中华蜜蜂Apis cerana cerana Fabricius生产性能的影响[J].应用昆虫学报,2016,53(2):373-380.
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[18]宋凤艳,周超君.蜂蜜中蛋白质及氨基酸含量的测定[J].粮食流通技术,2016(20):108-110.
[2]刘学仁,罗新鹏,查敏,等.蜂蜜质量分析的研究进展[J].中药材,2012,35(7):1175-1180.
[3]周冰峰.蜜蜂安全生产技术指南[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2012:166-167.
[4]曹炜,陈卫军,宋纪蓉.不同种类蜂蜜总酚酸含量测定和抗氧化作用的研究[J].食品科学,2005,26(1):48-51.
[5]盛文胜,江军山,王训斌,等.不同蜂蜜中果糖、葡萄糖和蔗糖的含量测定[J].安徽农业科学,2010,38(30):17182-17183.
[6]孙建民,刘博静,孙汉文,等.不同产地蜂蜜中若干金属元素含量的分布比较[J].河北大学学报,2010,30(3):271-274.
[7]裴高璞,史波林,赵镭,等. 3种蜜源蜂蜜香气成分差异化信息分析研究[J].食品科技,2014,39(2):68-73.
[8]罗红霞,王丽,李淑荣. 10种蜂蜜中的抗氧化物质及其抗氧化能力分析[J].食品安全质量检测学报,2015,6(2):626-632.
[9]李钦龙.不同蜂蜜中蛋白质的差异性研究[D].福建农林大学,2012:32-34.
[10]祁文忠,梅绚,师鹏珍,等.不同类型蜂箱对中华蜜蜂Apis cerana cerana Fabricius生产性能的影响[J].应用昆虫学报,2016,53(2):373-380.
[11]中华人民共和国卫生部.蜂蜜:GH/T18796-2012[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2012.
[12]中华人民共和国卫生部.进出口蜂蜜检验规程:SN/T0852-2012[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2012.
[13]中华人民共和国卫生部.高效液相色谱法通则:GB/T16631-2008[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2008.
[14]中华人民共和国卫生部.食品安全国家标准食品中蛋白质的测定:GB/T5009. 5-2010[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2010.
[15]中华人民共和国卫生部.食品中有机氯农药多组分残留量的测定:GB/T5009. 19-2008[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2010.
[16]中华人民共和国卫生部.食品安全国家标准蜂蜜:GB14963-2011[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2011.
[17]陈淑静.蜂蜜中的蛋白质及氨基酸[J].中国蜂业,1983(6):18-19.
[18]宋凤艳,周超君.蜂蜜中蛋白质及氨基酸含量的测定[J].粮食流通技术,2016(20):108-110.