摘要
【目的】研究不同开口饵料对口虾蛄(Oratosquilla oratoria)幼体存活和生长的影响。【方法】选用轮虫、轮虫+卤虫无节幼体、卤虫无节幼体、枝角类、小球藻等为开口饵料培养口虾蛄幼体20d。用卤虫无节幼体作为单一饵料进行口虾蛄幼体的早期生长研究。【结果】幼体开口后6 d(Z4期),单独投喂小球藻、轮虫、枝角类的口虾蛄幼体成活率为0%,而投喂轮虫+卤虫无节幼体、卤虫无节幼体的口虾蛄幼体成活率则相对较高,分别为89%和87%,两组间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);在实验7~19 d内(Z5-Z8期),轮虫+卤虫无节幼体组成活率最佳,达71%,卤虫无节幼体组幼体成活率则为50%。单一投喂卤虫无节幼体0~15 d(Z2―Z7期)内口虾蛄幼体持续生长,15 d(Z7期)后口虾蛄不再生长,其体长与头胸甲长、腹部长、尾扇长等存在显著的线性回归关系(P<0.01)。【结论】基于实验结果和口虾蛄幼体的摄食特性,建议口虾蛄幼体的开口投喂方案为幼体开口后的0~15d内(Z2―Z7期)主要投喂轮虫+卤虫无节幼体饵料,15 d后(Z7期)逐渐转至其他生物饵料。
【Objective】To study the effects of first feeds on survival and growth of larval Oratosquilla oratoria.【Method】Oratosquilla oratoria larvae were fed with rotifera, rotifera + artemia nauplius, artemia nauplius, cladocerans, chlorella for 20 days, and the larvae were fed with artemia nauplius only to study the early growth.【Result】On the 6 th day(Z4 phase) after larva opened the mouth, the survival rate of larval O. oratoria fed with chlorella, rotifera and cladocerans were 0%, but the survival rate of larvae O. oratoria feeding rotifera + artemia nauplius, artemia nauplius larvae was higher, at 89% and 87% respectively, without significant difference between the two groups(P > 0.05); During the 7 – 19 days(Z5 – Z8 phase) of the experiment, the survival rate of the group feeding rotifera + artemia nauplius was the highest, up to 71%, the survival rate of the group feeding artemia nauplius was 50%. Using artemia nauplius as a single bait for the early growth study of juvenile O. oratoria, the results showed that the growth and development of juvenile O. oratoria were normal at the first 0 – 15 days(Z2 – Z7 phase), and the biological indicators began to decline after the 15 th day(Z7 phase). There was a linear correlation relationship between the body length and the length of the head cuirass, abdomen and the tail fan. The test showed that the relationship between them was significant(P < 0.01).【Conclusion】The feeding characteristics based on the test results suggested that the optimal feeding strategy was to feed the juvenile O. oratoria with rotifera + artemia nauplius within 0 – 15 days(Z2 – Z7 phase) after larvae opened the mouth and gradually transferred to other biological bait.
引文
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