口虾蛄的繁殖特性及早期发育研究
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摘要
为了对口虾蛄(Oratosquilla oratoria)的繁殖生物学特征进行初步了解,指导其人工繁育工作,采用常规生物学和统计回归分析方法,对采自长江口附近海域的口虾蛄进行了繁殖特性和早期发育研究。结果显示:50尾成熟口虾蛄的个体绝对繁殖力(F)为10480～39600粒,体长相对繁殖力(F_L)为838～2676粒/cm,体重相对繁殖力(F_W)在487～1250粒/cm,性腺指数GSI在6.08%～15.63%。相关分析显示:F、F_L、F_W与其体长、体重均呈显著性正相关。对口虾蛄幼体的早期发育研究发现,在(22.5±0.6)℃、盐度30‰～32‰条件下,胚胎发育历时19天孵化出膜,出膜后第4天体内卵黄完全消失,从Z1期假蚤状幼体开始,历时35～40天变态为Ⅰ期仔虾蛄。试验结果表明:口虾蛄幼体在体内卵黄完全消失后需及时投喂轮虫、卤虫无节幼体等饵料,以满足其生长发育需要。
To study the reproductive biology characteristics of(Oratosquilla oratoria)and guide its artificial breeding,the reproductive characteristics and early development of Oratosquilla oratoria from Yangtze River estuary are studied by the conventional biological method and statistics regression analysis.The results showed that the individual absolute fecundity(F)of 50 mature Oratosquilla oratoria ranged from 10480 to 39600 eggs.The individual relative fecundity per centimeter(F_L)ranged from 838 to 2676 eggs/cm and the individual relative fecundity per gram(F_W)ranged from 487 to 1250 eggs/cm.Gonadosomatic Indexes(GSI)for females were 6.08%-15.63%.Correlation analysis showed that F,F_(L )and F_(W )had significantly positive correlations with body length and body weight.The early development study of juvenile Oratosquilla oratoria showed that under the conditions of(22.5±0.6)℃and 30‰-32‰salinity,the embryonic development lasted for 19 days to hatch out of the membrane and the yolk were fully absorbed in 4 days later.Pseudozoea larvae began at Z1 stage,which lasted 35-40 days and then metamorphosed to theⅠperiod of infant squilla.The results show that we should feed the juvenile Oratosquilla oratoria with rotifers,Artemia nauplius etc.in time after the yolk disappeared completely to meet their growth and development needs.
To study the reproductive biology characteristics of(Oratosquilla oratoria)and guide its artificial breeding,the reproductive characteristics and early development of Oratosquilla oratoria from Yangtze River estuary are studied by the conventional biological method and statistics regression analysis.The results showed that the individual absolute fecundity(F)of 50 mature Oratosquilla oratoria ranged from 10480 to 39600 eggs.The individual relative fecundity per centimeter(F_L)ranged from 838 to 2676 eggs/cm and the individual relative fecundity per gram(F_W)ranged from 487 to 1250 eggs/cm.Gonadosomatic Indexes(GSI)for females were 6.08%-15.63%.Correlation analysis showed that F,F_(L )and F_(W )had significantly positive correlations with body length and body weight.The early development study of juvenile Oratosquilla oratoria showed that under the conditions of(22.5±0.6)℃and 30‰-32‰salinity,the embryonic development lasted for 19 days to hatch out of the membrane and the yolk were fully absorbed in 4 days later.Pseudozoea larvae began at Z1 stage,which lasted 35-40 days and then metamorphosed to theⅠperiod of infant squilla.The results show that we should feed the juvenile Oratosquilla oratoria with rotifers,Artemia nauplius etc.in time after the yolk disappeared completely to meet their growth and development needs.
引文
[1]谷德贤,洪星,刘海映.口虾蛄的繁殖行为[J].河北渔业,2008(1):37-40.
[2]廖永岩,吴琴瑟,丁四海.黑斑口虾蛄(Oratosquilla Kempi Schmitt)配子发生的显微观察[J].热带海洋学报,2000,19(2):74-81.
[3]王春琳,蒋霞敏,赵青松,等.黑斑口虾蛄的卵巢组织学研究[J].动物学杂志,2001,36(4):6-9.
[4]王春琳,朱冬发,蒋霞敏等.黑斑口虾蛄雄性生殖系统的组织学与超微结构[J].水产学报,2002,26(5):403-410.
[5]王波,张锡烈,孙丕喜.口虾蛄的生物学特征及其人工苗种生产技术[J].黄渤海海洋,1998,16(2):64-73.
[6]刘海映,谷德贤,姜玉声,等.口虾蛄繁殖周期及生殖细胞发育的研究[J].大连水产学院学报,2013,28(3):269-272.
[7]吴强,陈瑞盛,黄经献,等.莱州湾口虾蛄的生物学特征与时空分布[J].水产学报,2015,39(8):1166-1177.
[8]薛梅,闫红伟,刘海映,等.大连市皮口海域口虾蛄群体繁殖生物学特征初步研究[J].大连海洋大学学报,2016,31(3):237-245.
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[10]刘海映,秦玉雪,姜玉声,等.口虾蛄胚胎发育的研究[J].大连水产学院学报,2011,26(5):437-441.
[11]刘海映,谷德贤,李君丰,等.口虾蛄幼体的早期形态发育特征[J].大连水产学院学报,2009,24(2):100-103.
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[13]蒋霞敏,王春琳.黑斑口虾蛄幼体的发育[J].中国水产科学,2003,10(1):19-25.
[14]徐善良,王春琳,梅文骧等.浙江北部海区口虾蛄繁殖和摄食习性的初步研究[J].浙江水产学院学报,1996,15(1):30-35.
[15]金丽.鱼类的繁殖习性和繁殖力[J].生物学教学,2004,29(7):5-6.
[16]蒋霞敏,王春琳,赵青松等.黑斑口虾蛄繁殖生物学的研究[J].华东师范大学学报:自然科学版,2000,26(3,增刊):18-22.
[17]傅荣兵,吴旭干,成永旭,等.舟山海域池塘养殖和野生三疣梭子蟹抱卵量的比较研究[J].浙江海洋学院学报:自然科学版,2006,25(2):138-142.
[18]姜玉声,刘庆坤,李岑,等.日本蟳抱卵量与形态参数的相关性分析[J].大连海洋大学学报,2011,26(6):488-492.
[19]尹婷婷,管卫兵.长江口日本沼虾繁殖群体生物学研究[J].海洋湖沼通报,2012,(4):79-83.
[20]裴倩倩,张涛,杨刚,等.长江口脊尾白虾繁殖生物学[J].生态学杂志,2017,36(3):702-706.
[21]龚世园,吕建林,孙瑞杰,等.克氏原螯虾繁殖生物学研究[J].淡水渔业,2008,38(6):23-25.
[22]王磊,唐文乔,孙莎莎,等.钱塘江口弹涂鱼繁殖特征及早期发育[J].动物学杂志,2013,48(4):497-506.
[23]肖海,代应贵.北盘江光唇裂腹鱼个体繁殖力的研究[J].水生态学杂志,2010,3(3):64-70.
[24]倪海儿.东海宽体舌鳎的个体繁殖力[J].水产学报,2000,24(4):319-323.
[25]王春琳,尹飞,宋微微.黑斑口虾蛄胚胎和幼体不同发育时期脂类及脂肪酸组成分析[J].浙江大学学报:理学版,2007,34(2):223-227.
[26]慕峰,吴旭干,成永旭,等.克氏原螯虾胚胎发育的形态学变化[J].水产学报,2007,31(Z1):6-11.
[27] Hamano, Matsuura S. Egg laying and egg mass nursing behavior in the Japanese mantis shrimp[J]. Nippon Suisan Gakkaishia. 1984,50:1969-1973.
[28]孙丕喜,张锡烈,汤庭摇,等.口虾蛄(Oratosquilla oratoria)人工育苗技术研究[J].黄渤海海洋,2000,18(2):41-46.
[29]康现江,孙天才,王所安.日本沼虾受精卵的离体培养及其胚胎发育的初步观察[J].河北大学学报:自然科学版,1996,16(4):41-45.
[30]韦受庆,罗远裕.青蟹胚胎发生的研究[J].热带海洋学报,1986,5(3):57-62.
[2]廖永岩,吴琴瑟,丁四海.黑斑口虾蛄(Oratosquilla Kempi Schmitt)配子发生的显微观察[J].热带海洋学报,2000,19(2):74-81.
[3]王春琳,蒋霞敏,赵青松,等.黑斑口虾蛄的卵巢组织学研究[J].动物学杂志,2001,36(4):6-9.
[4]王春琳,朱冬发,蒋霞敏等.黑斑口虾蛄雄性生殖系统的组织学与超微结构[J].水产学报,2002,26(5):403-410.
[5]王波,张锡烈,孙丕喜.口虾蛄的生物学特征及其人工苗种生产技术[J].黄渤海海洋,1998,16(2):64-73.
[6]刘海映,谷德贤,姜玉声,等.口虾蛄繁殖周期及生殖细胞发育的研究[J].大连水产学院学报,2013,28(3):269-272.
[7]吴强,陈瑞盛,黄经献,等.莱州湾口虾蛄的生物学特征与时空分布[J].水产学报,2015,39(8):1166-1177.
[8]薛梅,闫红伟,刘海映,等.大连市皮口海域口虾蛄群体繁殖生物学特征初步研究[J].大连海洋大学学报,2016,31(3):237-245.
[9] Hamano T, Matsuura S. Egg size, duration of incubation, and larval development of the Japanese mantis shrimp in the laboratory[J].Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi, 1987,53:23-39.
[10]刘海映,秦玉雪,姜玉声,等.口虾蛄胚胎发育的研究[J].大连水产学院学报,2011,26(5):437-441.
[11]刘海映,谷德贤,李君丰,等.口虾蛄幼体的早期形态发育特征[J].大连水产学院学报,2009,24(2):100-103.
[12]薛俊增,堵南山.甲壳动物学[M].上海:上海教育出版社,2009.
[13]蒋霞敏,王春琳.黑斑口虾蛄幼体的发育[J].中国水产科学,2003,10(1):19-25.
[14]徐善良,王春琳,梅文骧等.浙江北部海区口虾蛄繁殖和摄食习性的初步研究[J].浙江水产学院学报,1996,15(1):30-35.
[15]金丽.鱼类的繁殖习性和繁殖力[J].生物学教学,2004,29(7):5-6.
[16]蒋霞敏,王春琳,赵青松等.黑斑口虾蛄繁殖生物学的研究[J].华东师范大学学报:自然科学版,2000,26(3,增刊):18-22.
[17]傅荣兵,吴旭干,成永旭,等.舟山海域池塘养殖和野生三疣梭子蟹抱卵量的比较研究[J].浙江海洋学院学报:自然科学版,2006,25(2):138-142.
[18]姜玉声,刘庆坤,李岑,等.日本蟳抱卵量与形态参数的相关性分析[J].大连海洋大学学报,2011,26(6):488-492.
[19]尹婷婷,管卫兵.长江口日本沼虾繁殖群体生物学研究[J].海洋湖沼通报,2012,(4):79-83.
[20]裴倩倩,张涛,杨刚,等.长江口脊尾白虾繁殖生物学[J].生态学杂志,2017,36(3):702-706.
[21]龚世园,吕建林,孙瑞杰,等.克氏原螯虾繁殖生物学研究[J].淡水渔业,2008,38(6):23-25.
[22]王磊,唐文乔,孙莎莎,等.钱塘江口弹涂鱼繁殖特征及早期发育[J].动物学杂志,2013,48(4):497-506.
[23]肖海,代应贵.北盘江光唇裂腹鱼个体繁殖力的研究[J].水生态学杂志,2010,3(3):64-70.
[24]倪海儿.东海宽体舌鳎的个体繁殖力[J].水产学报,2000,24(4):319-323.
[25]王春琳,尹飞,宋微微.黑斑口虾蛄胚胎和幼体不同发育时期脂类及脂肪酸组成分析[J].浙江大学学报:理学版,2007,34(2):223-227.
[26]慕峰,吴旭干,成永旭,等.克氏原螯虾胚胎发育的形态学变化[J].水产学报,2007,31(Z1):6-11.
[27] Hamano, Matsuura S. Egg laying and egg mass nursing behavior in the Japanese mantis shrimp[J]. Nippon Suisan Gakkaishia. 1984,50:1969-1973.
[28]孙丕喜,张锡烈,汤庭摇,等.口虾蛄(Oratosquilla oratoria)人工育苗技术研究[J].黄渤海海洋,2000,18(2):41-46.
[29]康现江,孙天才,王所安.日本沼虾受精卵的离体培养及其胚胎发育的初步观察[J].河北大学学报:自然科学版,1996,16(4):41-45.
[30]韦受庆,罗远裕.青蟹胚胎发生的研究[J].热带海洋学报,1986,5(3):57-62.