两步法处理稠油污泥的工艺实验研究
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摘要
针对我国稠油污泥处理现状,为促进稠油污泥资源化利用,回收原油并减少二次污染。本文采用热化学破乳和常温气浮相结合处理稠油污泥,回收原油,净化土壤。结果表明:稠油污泥用4倍质量水稀释后的混合液加热至80℃,调pH值6左右,加入混合液质量分数0. 5%的自制破乳剂,搅拌下进行25 min的热化学破乳分离,热化学破乳分离完成后将混合液静置冷却至室温,分离出上层浮油。泥水混合液经过热分离后进行气浮除油,以3 m~3·m~(-3)·h~(-1)气流量曝气20 min,气浮分离完成后分离出表层浮油,两步法除油后的泥饼含油率小于2%;两步法处理稠油污泥后的滤液可多次循环使用。
According to the current situation of heavy oily sludge treatment in China,in order to promote the utilization of heavy oily sludge,increase the recovery rate of crude oil and reduce secondary pollution. A process combining the hot chemical breaking-emulsion and floatation separation was selected to treat heavy oily sludge. The results showed that the oil content of the mud cake formed by the centrifugal separation of the last mixture was under 2% by the following steps. Firstly,the mixture containing20% heavy oily sludge and 80% water was adjusted to a pH of 6,following by adding about 0. 5 % emulsion breaking agent,and then heating to 80℃ under stirring for 25 minutes. Keep mixture stand and cool to room temperature after the hot chemical breaking-emulsion was finished,then crape the upper oil slick. Secondly,in order to separate the residual oil,the major-oil-removed mixture was further treated by means of flotation about 20 minutes with the gas flow was 3 m~3·m~(-3)·h~(-1). Furthermore,the centrifugal separation mixture liquid for the next heavy oily sludge treatment was great.
According to the current situation of heavy oily sludge treatment in China,in order to promote the utilization of heavy oily sludge,increase the recovery rate of crude oil and reduce secondary pollution. A process combining the hot chemical breaking-emulsion and floatation separation was selected to treat heavy oily sludge. The results showed that the oil content of the mud cake formed by the centrifugal separation of the last mixture was under 2% by the following steps. Firstly,the mixture containing20% heavy oily sludge and 80% water was adjusted to a pH of 6,following by adding about 0. 5 % emulsion breaking agent,and then heating to 80℃ under stirring for 25 minutes. Keep mixture stand and cool to room temperature after the hot chemical breaking-emulsion was finished,then crape the upper oil slick. Secondly,in order to separate the residual oil,the major-oil-removed mixture was further treated by means of flotation about 20 minutes with the gas flow was 3 m~3·m~(-3)·h~(-1). Furthermore,the centrifugal separation mixture liquid for the next heavy oily sludge treatment was great.
引文
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[31]叶再兴.铬铁矿石中三氧化二铝含量的测定研究[J].广东化工,2016,43(20):165-165.
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[34]秀懿,乔玮,李飘,等.含油污泥的水热法减量处理[J].化工环保,2014,34(4):340-343.
[35]鹏辉,李金灵,刘帆,等.油田含油污泥的低温热解[J].环境化学,2014(8):1410-1411.
[36]兰兰,宋健,郑凯,等.热洗法处理含油污泥工艺研究[J].化工科技,2014,22(1):29-33.
[2]宋启辉,仝坤,谢加才,等.稠油污泥的综合处理[J].油气田环境保护,2010,20(4):20-23.
[3]张志东.辽河稠油污水处理技术研究与应用[D].大庆:东北石油大学,2011.
[4]Makadia T H,Adetutu E M,Simons K L,et al. Re-use of remediated soils for the bioremediation of waste oil sludge[J].Journal of Environmental Management,2011,92(3):866.
[5]王倩,屈撑囤,秦芳玲,等.稠油污泥资源化处理技术研究进展[J].油气田环境保护,2013,23(4):65-69.
[6]王会,谢康,向龙斌.关于含油污泥处理现状研究[J].环境与可持续发展,2016,41(5):122-127.
[7]郭富泰,姜亦坚,杜海涛.大庆油田含油污泥化学清洗工艺技术[J].油气田地面工程,2009,28(1):4-6.
[8]仝坤,宋启辉,王琦,等.稠油罐底泥碳化处理技术研究与应用[J].油气田环境保护,2010,20(1):26-28.
[9]王童,仝坤,王东,等.稠油污泥处理技术研究进展[J].油气田环境保护,2016,26(2):52-55.
[10]Oknina N V,Kadiev K M,Maksimov A L,et al. Studies on preprocessing of reservoir oil sludges for further hydroconversion[J]. Biosciences Biotechnology Research Asia,2016,12(2):473.
[11]宋绍富,魏强.含油污泥处理技术进展[J].石油化工应用,2015,34(11):3-7.
[12]秦金霞.油田含油污泥处理技术研究进展[J].当代化工,2015(7):1715-1717.
[13]刘玉丽.油田含油污泥焚烧处理技术及设备研究[J].石油与天然气化工,2005,34(5):426-428.
[14]郑廷震,张元法,张虹,等.胜利油田稠油泥砂高温燃烧处理方法研究[J].石油与天然气化工,2011,40(2):204-207.
[15]钱明明,李朋涛,周越骑,等.掺煤焚烧法处理含油污泥技术应用研究[J].石油天然气学报,2013(3X):342-344.
[16]Liu J,Song W,Nie Y. Effects of temperature on pyrolysis products of oil sludge[J]. Frontiers of Environmental Science and Engineering,2008,2(1):8-14.
[17]魏彦林,吕蕾,杨志刚,等.含油污泥回收处理技术进展[J].油田化学,2015,32(1):151-158.
[18]王金利,李秀灵,严波.含油污泥处理技术研究进展[J].化学工业与工程技术,2015,36(5):71-76.
[19]仝坤,宋启辉,刘晓辉.含油污泥处理存在的问题及解决建议[J].油气田环境保护,2017,27(1):6-9.
[20]Jin Y,Zheng X,Chu X,et al. Oil recovery from oil sludge through combined ultrasound and thermochemical cleaning treatment[J]. Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Research,2012,51(27):9213-9217.
[21]杨飞飞,回军,李宝忠,等.一种油泥破乳剂和油泥资源化处理工艺:CN,104556626A[P]. 2015-04-29.
[22]杨勇刚,卢俊刚,汪潘华,等.石化污水处理场含油污泥无害化处理方法:CN,105693061A[P]. 2016-06-22.
[23]王晓军,武跃.油田含油污泥处理的洗涤药剂筛选[J].辽宁化工,2017(4):325-328.
[24]滕青,孙根行,刘若阳,等.含油污泥石油类物质两步法回收工艺试验研究[J].油田化学,2013,30(1):123-127.
[25]滕青.含油污泥石油类物质两步法回收工艺试验研究[D].西安:陕西科技大学,2013.
[26]史东瑜.页岩油水分测定中溶剂选择原则[J].石油和化工设备,2013(12):37-39.
[27]国家标准计量局. GB/T260-1977石油产品水量测定法[S].北京:中国标准出版社,1977.
[28]杨春艳,田小萌.红外分光光度法测定石油类和动植物油[J].环境科学导刊,2003,22(2):58-60.
[29]姚亮,张莉,姚鹏.红外分光光度法测定水中低浓度石油类[J].油气田环境保护,2014,24(6):52-54.
[30]曾莉,黄定芳,古星,等.氢氧化铝中氧化铝含量测定的几种方法比较[J].四川理工学院学报(自科版),2010,23(5):583-585.
[31]叶再兴.铬铁矿石中三氧化二铝含量的测定研究[J].广东化工,2016,43(20):165-165.
[32]树锋,刘发强,杨岳,等.罐底含油污泥萃取溶剂的选择与优化[J].环境工程学报,2013,7(8):3191-3195.
[33]川江,舒政,叶仲斌,等.含油污泥处理技术研究进展[J].应用化工,2013,42(2):332-336.
[34]秀懿,乔玮,李飘,等.含油污泥的水热法减量处理[J].化工环保,2014,34(4):340-343.
[35]鹏辉,李金灵,刘帆,等.油田含油污泥的低温热解[J].环境化学,2014(8):1410-1411.
[36]兰兰,宋健,郑凯,等.热洗法处理含油污泥工艺研究[J].化工科技,2014,22(1):29-33.