不同利用方式对土壤黏粒矿物组成的影响
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摘要
以荒地、林地、耕地土壤为研究对象,采用X射线衍射(XRD)分析方法,研究了不同利用方式对土壤黏粒矿物组成的影响。结果表明:耕地(ck)、荒地、林地利用的土壤黏粒矿物的风化依次减弱,绿泥石的含量依次升高;耕地(ck)的土壤黏粒中伊利石的含量高于荒地和林地,为57.61%;林地的土壤黏粒中I/S混层矿物含量高于荒地和耕地(ck),为47.92%;与耕地(ck)的土壤黏粒矿物相比,玉米地的伊利石和高岭石含量低于耕地(ck),分别为38.66%、5.93%,绿泥石含量高于耕地(ck),为4.92%;土壤的不同利用方式可导致土壤pH、交换性酸、交换性H~+、交换性Al~(3+)、有机质和阳离子交换量发生变化,进而影响土壤黏粒矿物中高岭石和绿泥石含量的变化。土壤只耕作不施肥有利于黏粒矿物的风化转化,长期施肥抑制黏粒矿物的风化转化,林地根系的腐解和微生物的分解作用有利于伊利石的风化转化。
The soil of wasteland, woodland and farmland was selected as research object, and X-ray diffraction spectroscopy was used to study effects of land use patterns on soil clay mineral composition. The results showed that under the use of the ck farmland, wasteland and woodland, the weathering of soil mineral particles decreased, but content of chlorite increased. The content of illite(57.61%) in the ck farmland was higher than in wasteland and woodland. The content of I/S mixture(47.92%) in the woodland was higher than in wasteland and ck farmland. Compared with soil clay minerals in the ck farmland, the content of illite and kaolinite(38.66% and 5.93%) in the corn land was lower than in ck farmland, and the content of chlorite(4.92%) was higher than in ck farmland. Land use patterns could lead to changes of soil pH, exchangeable acid, exchangeable H~( +), exchangeable Al~(3 +), organic matter and cation exchange capacity, then affected content of kaolinite and chlorite in soil clay minerals. Farmland with no fertilization would promote the weathering and differentiation of clay minerals, and soil after fertilization would inhibit the weathering and differentiation of clay minerals. At the same time, root decay and microbial decomposition of woodland would benefit weathering and differentiation of illite.
The soil of wasteland, woodland and farmland was selected as research object, and X-ray diffraction spectroscopy was used to study effects of land use patterns on soil clay mineral composition. The results showed that under the use of the ck farmland, wasteland and woodland, the weathering of soil mineral particles decreased, but content of chlorite increased. The content of illite(57.61%) in the ck farmland was higher than in wasteland and woodland. The content of I/S mixture(47.92%) in the woodland was higher than in wasteland and ck farmland. Compared with soil clay minerals in the ck farmland, the content of illite and kaolinite(38.66% and 5.93%) in the corn land was lower than in ck farmland, and the content of chlorite(4.92%) was higher than in ck farmland. Land use patterns could lead to changes of soil pH, exchangeable acid, exchangeable H~( +), exchangeable Al~(3 +), organic matter and cation exchange capacity, then affected content of kaolinite and chlorite in soil clay minerals. Farmland with no fertilization would promote the weathering and differentiation of clay minerals, and soil after fertilization would inhibit the weathering and differentiation of clay minerals. At the same time, root decay and microbial decomposition of woodland would benefit weathering and differentiation of illite.
引文
[1] 郑庆福,赵兰坡,冯君,等.利用方式对东北黑土黏土矿物组成的影响[J].矿物学报,2011,31(1):139-145.
[2] 张玉革,梁文举,姜勇,等.不同利用方式对潮棕壤交换性钾钠及盐基总量的影响[J].土壤通报,2008,39(4):817-821.
[3] 关松,郭绮雯,刘金华,等.添加玉米秸秆对黑土团聚体胡敏酸数量和质量的影响[J].吉林农业大学学报,2017,39(4):437-444.
[4] 闫娜,王继红,程恩宝,等.长期施肥对土壤黏粒级复合体表面电荷性质的影响[J].吉林农业大学学报,2017,39(6):703-708.
[5] 冯君,赵兰坡,郑庆福,等.吉林西部不同利用方式盐渍化草甸土勃粒矿物组成的分析[M]//中国土壤学会.面向未来的土壤科学.北京:中国农业出版社,2012: 18-25.
[6] Sokolova T A, Zaidel F R, Ginzhurg T M. Clay minerals in chernozem-like soils of mesodepressions in the northern forest-steppe of European Russia[J]. Eurasian Soil Science, 2010, 43(1): 76-84.
[7] Velde B,Peck T. Clay mineral changes in the morrow experiment plots, University of Illinois [J]. Clays and Clay Minerals, 2002 (3):364-370.
[8] Gribble C D. Rutleys elements of mineralogy [M]. London:Academic Division of Unwin Hyman, 1998:27-29.
[9] Schellmann W. Considerations on the definition and classification of laterites[M]. Trivandrum:Oxford & IBH Publishing Co.,1981:1-10.
[10] 张荣科,范光.黏土矿物X射线衍射相定量分析方法与实验[J]. 铀矿地质,2003,19(3):180-185.
[11] 孙庆峰,陈发虎,Christophe Colin,等.黏土矿物在气候环境变化研究中的应用进展[J].矿物学报,2011,31 (1): 146-152.
[12] Huntington T G, Hooper R P, Johnson C E, et al. Calcium depletion in a southeastern United States forest ecosystem [J]. Soil Science Society of America Journal, 2000, 64(5): 1845-1858.
[13] 郑庆福,赵兰坡.农业利用对东北黑土黏粒矿物组成及养分的影响[J].吉林农业科学,2011,36(5):29-32.
[14] 金成伟,闫德志,贾凤薇.南通市不同农业土地利用方式对土壤理化性质的影响[J].江苏农业科学,2013,41(6):336-339.
[15] Pernes-Debuyser A, Pernes M, Velde B, et al. Soil mineralogy evolution in the INRA 42 plots experiment (Versailles, France)[J]. Clays and clay minerals, 2003,51(5): 577-584.
[16] 王静婷,姚芩,李福春,等.草酸和酒石酸促进花岗岩中钾释放的实验研究[J].土壤通报,2011,42(2): 320-324.
[2] 张玉革,梁文举,姜勇,等.不同利用方式对潮棕壤交换性钾钠及盐基总量的影响[J].土壤通报,2008,39(4):817-821.
[3] 关松,郭绮雯,刘金华,等.添加玉米秸秆对黑土团聚体胡敏酸数量和质量的影响[J].吉林农业大学学报,2017,39(4):437-444.
[4] 闫娜,王继红,程恩宝,等.长期施肥对土壤黏粒级复合体表面电荷性质的影响[J].吉林农业大学学报,2017,39(6):703-708.
[5] 冯君,赵兰坡,郑庆福,等.吉林西部不同利用方式盐渍化草甸土勃粒矿物组成的分析[M]//中国土壤学会.面向未来的土壤科学.北京:中国农业出版社,2012: 18-25.
[6] Sokolova T A, Zaidel F R, Ginzhurg T M. Clay minerals in chernozem-like soils of mesodepressions in the northern forest-steppe of European Russia[J]. Eurasian Soil Science, 2010, 43(1): 76-84.
[7] Velde B,Peck T. Clay mineral changes in the morrow experiment plots, University of Illinois [J]. Clays and Clay Minerals, 2002 (3):364-370.
[8] Gribble C D. Rutleys elements of mineralogy [M]. London:Academic Division of Unwin Hyman, 1998:27-29.
[9] Schellmann W. Considerations on the definition and classification of laterites[M]. Trivandrum:Oxford & IBH Publishing Co.,1981:1-10.
[10] 张荣科,范光.黏土矿物X射线衍射相定量分析方法与实验[J]. 铀矿地质,2003,19(3):180-185.
[11] 孙庆峰,陈发虎,Christophe Colin,等.黏土矿物在气候环境变化研究中的应用进展[J].矿物学报,2011,31 (1): 146-152.
[12] Huntington T G, Hooper R P, Johnson C E, et al. Calcium depletion in a southeastern United States forest ecosystem [J]. Soil Science Society of America Journal, 2000, 64(5): 1845-1858.
[13] 郑庆福,赵兰坡.农业利用对东北黑土黏粒矿物组成及养分的影响[J].吉林农业科学,2011,36(5):29-32.
[14] 金成伟,闫德志,贾凤薇.南通市不同农业土地利用方式对土壤理化性质的影响[J].江苏农业科学,2013,41(6):336-339.
[15] Pernes-Debuyser A, Pernes M, Velde B, et al. Soil mineralogy evolution in the INRA 42 plots experiment (Versailles, France)[J]. Clays and clay minerals, 2003,51(5): 577-584.
[16] 王静婷,姚芩,李福春,等.草酸和酒石酸促进花岗岩中钾释放的实验研究[J].土壤通报,2011,42(2): 320-324.