论民事公益诉讼既判力范围的扩张——以生态环境保护和食品药品安全消费维权为例
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摘要
我国民事公益诉讼制度的产生和发展,为生态环境保护和食品药品安全消费者维权提供了另一把"钥匙"。民事公益诉讼在其诉讼目的和诉讼程序等方面有着不同于传统私益诉讼的特点,民事公益诉讼既判力范围的扩张保障了关联私益诉讼权利的实现,有助于提升司法效率和实现司法安定。民事公益诉讼既判力范围扩张的构建为:主体范围延伸至有权提起诉讼的其他机关或者组织;客观范围拓展至裁判理由,并赋予公益诉讼中认定事实的预决效力;时间范围则根据诉讼请求的类型进行相对扩张。
The emergence and development of public interest litigation system in China provides another "key" for ecological environmental protection and safeguarding consumers' rights concerning food and drug safety.Civil public interest litigation is different from traditional private interest litigation in its litigation purpose and procedure.The expansion of res judicata range guarantees the realization of related private interest litigation right so as to promote the judicial efficiency and peace.The present legal regulations and related researches lay a solid legal foundation for the expansion of public interest litigation.The construction of the expansion of res judicata range in the civil public interest litigation includes that the subjective scope of res judicata should be expanded to other organs or organizations that have the right to initiate litigation;the objective scope should be expanded to the reasons for adjudication,the pre-judicative effect of recognizing facts in public interest litigation should be given;and the time scope based on the types of claims should be relatively expanded.
The emergence and development of public interest litigation system in China provides another "key" for ecological environmental protection and safeguarding consumers' rights concerning food and drug safety.Civil public interest litigation is different from traditional private interest litigation in its litigation purpose and procedure.The expansion of res judicata range guarantees the realization of related private interest litigation right so as to promote the judicial efficiency and peace.The present legal regulations and related researches lay a solid legal foundation for the expansion of public interest litigation.The construction of the expansion of res judicata range in the civil public interest litigation includes that the subjective scope of res judicata should be expanded to other organs or organizations that have the right to initiate litigation;the objective scope should be expanded to the reasons for adjudication,the pre-judicative effect of recognizing facts in public interest litigation should be given;and the time scope based on the types of claims should be relatively expanded.
引文
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[17]江伟,肖建国.论既判力的客观范围[J].法学研究,1996,28(4):37-48.
[2]曹建明.建立检察机关提起公益诉讼制度时机已经成熟[N].检察日报,2017-06-23(3).
[3]中国消费者协会.2018年第三季度全国消协组受理投诉情况分析———暨老年消费情况专题报告[EB/OL].(2018-10-16)[2018-11-15].http://www.cca.org.cn/zxsd/detail/28242.html,2018.10.16.
[4]江伟.民事诉讼法专论[M].北京:中国人民大学出版社,2005:77.
[5]林剑锋.民事判决的标准时与既判力的时间范围[J].民事程序法研究,2007(3):90-100.
[6]张卫平.既判力相对性原则:根据、例外与制度化[J].法学研究,2015,37(1):68-86.
[7]吴明童.既判力的界限研究[J].中国法学,2001(6):76-85.
[8]邓辉辉.民事诉讼既判力理论研究[M].北京:中国政法大学出版社.2014:15
[9]张卫平.程序公正实现中的冲突与衡平———外国民事诉讼研究引论[M].成都:成都出版社,1993:174.
[10]陈菲.环境民事公益诉讼既判力范围研究[D].重庆:西南政法大学,2014.
[11]丁宝同.民事判决既判力研究[M].北京:法律出版社,2012:244.
[12]肖建华.现代型诉讼之程序保障———以2012年《民事诉讼法》修改为背景[J].比较法研究,2012(5):44-54.
[13]骆永家.既判力之研究[M].台北:三民书局,1999:66-67.
[14]新堂幸司.新民事诉讼法[M].林剑锋,译,北京:法律出版社,2008:492.
[15]黄国昌.民事诉讼理论之新开展[M].北京:北京大学出版社,2008:268.
[16]杜万华.最高人民法院消费民事公益诉讼司法解释理解与适用[M].北京:人民法院出版社.2016:340.
[17]江伟,肖建国.论既判力的客观范围[J].法学研究,1996,28(4):37-48.