沉管隧道管节接头混凝土剪力键压剪破坏试验研究
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摘要
接头是沉管隧道中最薄弱的一环,在受到地震和不均匀沉降等作用下,接头会发生横向变形,并通过接头中的剪力键传递。目前,国内外沉管隧道管节接头变形规律的研究较少集中在剪力键上,更缺少管节接头整体力学性能试验数据的支持。根据沉管隧道接头构造设计特点,该文提出了一套测试接头压剪承载力和破坏模式的破坏试验方法和加载方案,并开展了几何比尺为1∶10的管节接头压剪试验,研究接头在低周往复剪切荷载下的力学性能,记录其荷载-位移曲线,最终获得接头压剪刚度曲线。试验结果表明,管节接头和单个剪力键的承载力分别是310 k N/355 k N(正/负向)和88 k N,均比设计承载力高。而接头剪力键的破坏模式主要表现为局部翘曲破坏和凸榫根部拉裂破坏。
When the immersed tunnel is subjected to earthquakes, differential settlement or/and other loadings, transversal deformation occurs and is transferred by the shear keys in the immersion joint, which is deemed to be the weakest part in immersed tunnel. So far, in consideration of researches on immersion joint, only few of them focus on shear keys and most of them are lack of support from the experiments on the behavior of the whole immersion joint. Based on the characteristics of the immersion joint, a testing method and a loading scheme are proposed to obtain the shear capacity and failure mode of the joint. With the geometric scale of 1:10, the model was designed and the compression-shear test was carried out to investigate the mechanical behavior of the joint subjected to low frequency cyclic loading. The load-displacement curves of the joint and the shear stiffness are recorded. The results indicate that the shear capacities of the joint and one single shear key are 310 k N/355 k N(+/-) and 88 k N respectively, which are both higher than the designed values. The local warping failure and tension failure in the root of tenon are regarded as the failure mode of the concrete shear keys.
When the immersed tunnel is subjected to earthquakes, differential settlement or/and other loadings, transversal deformation occurs and is transferred by the shear keys in the immersion joint, which is deemed to be the weakest part in immersed tunnel. So far, in consideration of researches on immersion joint, only few of them focus on shear keys and most of them are lack of support from the experiments on the behavior of the whole immersion joint. Based on the characteristics of the immersion joint, a testing method and a loading scheme are proposed to obtain the shear capacity and failure mode of the joint. With the geometric scale of 1:10, the model was designed and the compression-shear test was carried out to investigate the mechanical behavior of the joint subjected to low frequency cyclic loading. The load-displacement curves of the joint and the shear stiffness are recorded. The results indicate that the shear capacities of the joint and one single shear key are 310 k N/355 k N(+/-) and 88 k N respectively, which are both higher than the designed values. The local warping failure and tension failure in the root of tenon are regarded as the failure mode of the concrete shear keys.
引文
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[2]禹海涛,袁勇,刘洪洲,等.沉管隧道接头力学模型及刚度解析表达式[J].工程力学,2014,31(6):145―150.Yu Haitao,Yuan Yong,Liu Hongzhou,et al.Mechanical model and analytical solution for stiffness in the joints of an immersed-tube tunnel[J].Engineering Mechanics,2014,31(6):145―150.(in Chinese)
[3]Anastasopoulos I,Gerolymos N,Drosos V,et al.Behaviour of deep immersed tunnel under combined normal fault rupture deformation and subsequent seismic shaking[J].Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering,2008,6(2):213―239.
[4]姜杰.沉管接头钢剪切键的试验与设计[J].现代隧道技术,2001,38(4):40―43.Jiang Jie.Test and design of steel shear key of immersed tunnel[J].Modern Tunnelling Technology,2001,38(4):40―43.(in Chinese)
[5]李志业.钢筋混凝土剪切键计算理论与试验研究[C].第九届全国结构工程学术会议,成都:工程力学,2000,A01:862―866.Li Zhiye.Theoretical and experimental research on reinforcement concrete shear keys[J].Proceedings of the9th National Conference on Structural Engineering,Chengdu:Engineering Mechanics,2000,A01:862―866.(in Chinese)
[6]Xiao W,Yu H,Yuan Y,et al.Compression-bending behavior of a scaled immersion joint[J].Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology,2015,49(5):426―437.
[7]萧文浩,徐国平,禹海涛,等.沉管隧道大比尺管节接头压弯试验研究[J].结构工程师,2014,30(5):181―186.Xiao Wenhao,Xu Guoping,Yu Haitao,et al.Compression-bending experiment on element joint of immersed tunnel[J].Structural Engineers,2014,30(5):181―186.(in Chinese)
[8]van Oorsouw R S.Behavior of segment joints in immersed tunnels under seismic loading[D].Delft:Delft University of Technology,2010.
[9]Lyngs J H.Model accuracy in aseismic design of immersed tunnel[D].Aalborg:Aalborg University,2008.
[10]刘鹏,丁文其,杨波.考虑接头力学特性的沉管隧道计算方法[J].中南大学学报(自然科学版),2014,45(6):1983―1991.Liu Peng,Ding Wenqi,Yang Bo.Calculation method of immersed tube tunnel considering mechanical characteristics of joints[J].Journal of Central South University(Science and Technology),2014,45(6):1983―1991.(in Chinese)
[11]萧文浩.沉管隧道管节接头剪切力学性能试验研究[D].上海:同济大学,2014.Xiao Wenhao.Experimental study on shear mechanical behavior of immersion joint[D].Shanghai:Tongji University,2014.(in Chinese)
[12]胡指南.沉管隧道节段接头剪力键结构形式与力学特性研究[D].西安:长安大学,2013.Hu Zhinan.Research on mechanic characteristics and structures of section joint shear keys on immersed tube tunnel[D].Xi’an:Chang’an University,2013.(in Chinese)
[13]胡指南,谢永利,来弘鹏,等.沉管隧道节段接头剪力键破坏状态与机理研究[J].建筑结构,2015,45(1):77―81.Hu Zhinan,Xie Yongli,Lai Hongpeng,et al.Research on failure state and mechanism of shear keys of segmental joint in immersed tunnel[J].Building Structure,2015,45(1):77―81.(in Chinese)
[14]GB 50010-2010,混凝土结构设计规范[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2010.GB 50010-2010,Code for design of concrete structures[S].Beijing:China Architecture Industry Press,2010.(in Chinese)