玉米机械脱粒籽粒含水量与破碎率的相关研究
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摘要
籽粒破碎率是影响籽粒机收质量的重要指标。为了明确籽粒含水量对籽粒破碎率的影响,以郑单958、先玉335、华美1号等8个玉米杂交种为试材,采用机械脱粒方法,测定了不同时期的籽粒含水量和籽粒破碎率,并对2个指标进行了相关性分析和回归分析,利用回归方程进行了籽粒破碎率≤5%的籽粒含水量区间预测。结果表明:对于整体材料而言,籽粒破碎率与籽粒含水量呈极显著正相关(r=0.871),回归分析方程为y=0.128x2-5.551x+63.564(R2=0.879),籽粒含水量为18.1%~25.2%时大部分材料可以达到机收籽粒破碎率≤5%的国家标准。还对8个材料分别进行了回归分析和籽粒含水量区间预测,结果显示,郑单958和联创808不适宜机收籽粒,迪卡517是本试验所涉及材料中最早可以进行机收籽粒的品种。
The grain breaking rate is an important index influencing the quality of corn mechanized threshing. To make clear the effect of grain moisture on the grain breaking rate,taking eight corn varieties as materials,using mechanized threshing,the grain moisture and grain breaking rate at different period were tested,the correlation analysis and regression analysis between the two indexes were conducted,and the section of grain moisture with the grain breaking≤5% was forecasted using the regression equation. The results showed that the correlation was very significantly positive between grain moisture and grain breaking rate(r=0.871). The regression equation was y=0.128 x2-5.551 x+63.564(R2=0.879). When the grain moisture was 18.1%-25.2%,the grain breaking rate of most tested varieties could be less than or equal to 5%. Zhengdan 958 and Lianchuang 808 were not suitable for mechanized threshing,and Dika 517 could be earliest mechanized threshed among the tested varieties.
The grain breaking rate is an important index influencing the quality of corn mechanized threshing. To make clear the effect of grain moisture on the grain breaking rate,taking eight corn varieties as materials,using mechanized threshing,the grain moisture and grain breaking rate at different period were tested,the correlation analysis and regression analysis between the two indexes were conducted,and the section of grain moisture with the grain breaking≤5% was forecasted using the regression equation. The results showed that the correlation was very significantly positive between grain moisture and grain breaking rate(r=0.871). The regression equation was y=0.128 x2-5.551 x+63.564(R2=0.879). When the grain moisture was 18.1%-25.2%,the grain breaking rate of most tested varieties could be less than or equal to 5%. Zhengdan 958 and Lianchuang 808 were not suitable for mechanized threshing,and Dika 517 could be earliest mechanized threshed among the tested varieties.
引文
[1]李少昆,王克如,谢瑞芝,李璐璐,明博,侯鹏,初振东,张万旭,刘朝巍.玉米籽粒机械收获破碎率研究[J].作物杂志,2017,(2):76-80.
[2]李少昆,王克如,谢瑞芝,侯鹏,明博,杨小霞,韩冬生,王玉华.实施密植高产机械化生产实现玉米高产高效协同[J].作物杂志,2016,(4):1-6.
[3]谢瑞芝,雷晓鹏,王克如,郭银巧,柴宗文,侯鹏,李少昆.黄淮海夏玉米籽粒机械收获研究初报[J].作物杂志,2014,(2):76-79.
[4]Waelti H,Buchele W F.Factors affecting corn kernel damage combinecylinders[J].Transactions of the ASAE,1969:55-59.
[5]Dutta P K.Effects of grain moisture,drying methods,and variety on breakage susceptibility of shelled corns as measured by the Wisconsin Breakage Tester[J].Ames,Iowa:Iowa State University,1986.
[6]吴多峰,许峰,袁长胜.板齿式与钉齿式玉米脱粒机的性能比较[J].农机化研究,2006,(10):78-80.
[7]裴建杰,范国昌.对玉米收获中籽粒破碎和损失的影响因素试验研究[J].河北农业大学学报,2012,35(1):101-105.
[8]范国昌,王惠新,籍俊杰,曹文虎,刘焕新,郝金魁,陈德润,周祖锷,王士怀.影响玉米摘穗过程中籽粒破碎和籽粒损失率的因素分析[J].农业工程学报,2002,18(4):72-74.
[9]祝云芳,陈泽辉,霍可以,王安贵,郭向阳,赵丽,胡兴.影响玉米摘穗过程中籽粒破碎和籽粒损失率的因素分析[J].贵州农业科学,2013,41(6):45-48.
[10]闫淑琴,苏俊,李春霞,龚士琛,宋锡章,李国良,扈光辉,王明泉,贲利.玉米籽粒灌浆、脱水速率的相关与通径分析[J].黑龙江农业科学,2007,(4):1-4.
[11]苏俊,李春霞,龚士琛,闫淑琴,李国良,扈光辉,王明泉,任洪雷.玉米籽粒灌浆和脱水速率的配合力分析[J].黑龙江农业科学,2013,(6):1-4.
[12]李德新,宫秀杰,钱春荣.玉米籽粒灌浆及脱水速率品种差异与相关分析[J].中国农学通报,2011,(27):92-97.
[13]王巍.玉米自交系籽粒灌浆和脱水速率的配合力分析评价[J].黑龙江农业科学,2014,(8):1-5.
[14]相茂国,张道林,李春宁,卜令昕,崔萌.影响玉米脱粒性能的因素分析与研究[J].农机化研究,2015,(1):188-191.
[15]唐福元冯家畅严晓婕,杨文生,程绪铎,温吉华,杨大明,单贺年.经溜槽装人筒仓的玉米减损效果试验[J].中国粮油学报,2015,30(12):98-101.
[16]裴建杰,范国昌.对玉米收获中籽粒破碎和损失的影响因素试验研究[J].河北农业大学学报,2012,35(1):102-105.
[17]Waelti H,Buchele W F.Factors affecting corn kernel damage in combine cylinders[M].USA:Transactions of the ASAE,1969:55-59.
[18]卢道文,宋俊乔,李永江,张莹莹,牛永锋,孙海潮,芦连勇,董文恒,崔俊明.玉米收获期含水量等十个数量性状的配合力及遗传参数分析[J].农业科技通讯,2017,(7):118-121.
[19]卢道文,宋俊乔,孙海潮,牛永锋,芦连勇,董文恒,崔俊明.九个夏玉米品种灌浆及脱水特性拟合与分析[J].农业科技通讯,2015,(6):61-65.
[20]卢道文,张莹莹,李永江,宋俊乔,牛永锋,孙海潮,芦连勇,董文恒,崔俊明.3个熟期6个玉米杂交种及其亲本籽粒脱水特性的比较研究[J].农业科技通讯,2017,(8):139-142.
[2]李少昆,王克如,谢瑞芝,侯鹏,明博,杨小霞,韩冬生,王玉华.实施密植高产机械化生产实现玉米高产高效协同[J].作物杂志,2016,(4):1-6.
[3]谢瑞芝,雷晓鹏,王克如,郭银巧,柴宗文,侯鹏,李少昆.黄淮海夏玉米籽粒机械收获研究初报[J].作物杂志,2014,(2):76-79.
[4]Waelti H,Buchele W F.Factors affecting corn kernel damage combinecylinders[J].Transactions of the ASAE,1969:55-59.
[5]Dutta P K.Effects of grain moisture,drying methods,and variety on breakage susceptibility of shelled corns as measured by the Wisconsin Breakage Tester[J].Ames,Iowa:Iowa State University,1986.
[6]吴多峰,许峰,袁长胜.板齿式与钉齿式玉米脱粒机的性能比较[J].农机化研究,2006,(10):78-80.
[7]裴建杰,范国昌.对玉米收获中籽粒破碎和损失的影响因素试验研究[J].河北农业大学学报,2012,35(1):101-105.
[8]范国昌,王惠新,籍俊杰,曹文虎,刘焕新,郝金魁,陈德润,周祖锷,王士怀.影响玉米摘穗过程中籽粒破碎和籽粒损失率的因素分析[J].农业工程学报,2002,18(4):72-74.
[9]祝云芳,陈泽辉,霍可以,王安贵,郭向阳,赵丽,胡兴.影响玉米摘穗过程中籽粒破碎和籽粒损失率的因素分析[J].贵州农业科学,2013,41(6):45-48.
[10]闫淑琴,苏俊,李春霞,龚士琛,宋锡章,李国良,扈光辉,王明泉,贲利.玉米籽粒灌浆、脱水速率的相关与通径分析[J].黑龙江农业科学,2007,(4):1-4.
[11]苏俊,李春霞,龚士琛,闫淑琴,李国良,扈光辉,王明泉,任洪雷.玉米籽粒灌浆和脱水速率的配合力分析[J].黑龙江农业科学,2013,(6):1-4.
[12]李德新,宫秀杰,钱春荣.玉米籽粒灌浆及脱水速率品种差异与相关分析[J].中国农学通报,2011,(27):92-97.
[13]王巍.玉米自交系籽粒灌浆和脱水速率的配合力分析评价[J].黑龙江农业科学,2014,(8):1-5.
[14]相茂国,张道林,李春宁,卜令昕,崔萌.影响玉米脱粒性能的因素分析与研究[J].农机化研究,2015,(1):188-191.
[15]唐福元冯家畅严晓婕,杨文生,程绪铎,温吉华,杨大明,单贺年.经溜槽装人筒仓的玉米减损效果试验[J].中国粮油学报,2015,30(12):98-101.
[16]裴建杰,范国昌.对玉米收获中籽粒破碎和损失的影响因素试验研究[J].河北农业大学学报,2012,35(1):102-105.
[17]Waelti H,Buchele W F.Factors affecting corn kernel damage in combine cylinders[M].USA:Transactions of the ASAE,1969:55-59.
[18]卢道文,宋俊乔,李永江,张莹莹,牛永锋,孙海潮,芦连勇,董文恒,崔俊明.玉米收获期含水量等十个数量性状的配合力及遗传参数分析[J].农业科技通讯,2017,(7):118-121.
[19]卢道文,宋俊乔,孙海潮,牛永锋,芦连勇,董文恒,崔俊明.九个夏玉米品种灌浆及脱水特性拟合与分析[J].农业科技通讯,2015,(6):61-65.
[20]卢道文,张莹莹,李永江,宋俊乔,牛永锋,孙海潮,芦连勇,董文恒,崔俊明.3个熟期6个玉米杂交种及其亲本籽粒脱水特性的比较研究[J].农业科技通讯,2017,(8):139-142.