播期对不同种植模式下玉米和花生生长发育及产量的影响
|
摘要
以登海605和花育36为材料,设置玉米单作、花生单作、玉米//花生4∶4间作、玉米//花生2∶6间作4种种植模式和2个播期,研究播期对不同种植模式下玉米和花生生长发育及产量的影响。结果表明,早播2∶6间作模式较4∶4间作和单作更有利于玉米果穗、叶片和茎秆的生长;早播处理不利于花生叶片、茎枝和根系干物质重的积累,但可促进花生荚果的发育,且以2∶6间作模式最有利于花生荚果干物质重的积累。晚播2∶6间作模式更有利于玉米获得较高的百粒重和单产,而早播2∶6间作模式更有利于花生荚果和果仁产量的提高。综合分析玉米花生间作系统作物混合产量可见,无论是花生荚果和玉米混合产量还是花生果仁和玉米混合产量,均以晚播2∶6间作模式为最高,666.7m~2产量分别为1 069.65 kg和1 002.25 kg,分别较单作提高3.68%和17.04%。
We uesd Denghai 605 and Huayu 36 as materials and set four planting patters and two sowing dates to study sowing date effects on growth and yield of maize and peanut under different planting patterns. The planting patterns included corn single crop, peanut single crop, corn//peanut intercropping at 4∶4, corn//peanut intercropping at 2∶6. The results showed that the early sowing under 2∶6 intercropping pattern was more conducive to the growth of corn ears, leaves and stems than 4∶4 intercropping and single cropping. Early sowing was not conducive to the dry matter accumulation of peanut leaves, stems and roots, but it could promote the development of peanut pods. The 2∶6 intercropping pattern was most beneficial to the dry matter accumulation of peanut pods. The late sowing under 2∶6 intercropping pattern was more conducive to corn to obtain higher 100-grain weight and yield, while the early sowing under 2∶6 intercropping pattern was more conducive to the increase of peanut pod and nut yields. Based on the comprehensive analysis of the mixed yield of corn and peanut intercropping system, we could see whether the mixed yield of peanut pods and corn or the mixed yield of peanut nuts and corn were both the highest under late sowing and 2∶6 intercropping pattern, which were 1 069.68 kg and 1 002.20 kg per 666.7 m~2 respectively, and increased by 3.68% and 17.04% respectively compared with the single cropping pattern.
We uesd Denghai 605 and Huayu 36 as materials and set four planting patters and two sowing dates to study sowing date effects on growth and yield of maize and peanut under different planting patterns. The planting patterns included corn single crop, peanut single crop, corn//peanut intercropping at 4∶4, corn//peanut intercropping at 2∶6. The results showed that the early sowing under 2∶6 intercropping pattern was more conducive to the growth of corn ears, leaves and stems than 4∶4 intercropping and single cropping. Early sowing was not conducive to the dry matter accumulation of peanut leaves, stems and roots, but it could promote the development of peanut pods. The 2∶6 intercropping pattern was most beneficial to the dry matter accumulation of peanut pods. The late sowing under 2∶6 intercropping pattern was more conducive to corn to obtain higher 100-grain weight and yield, while the early sowing under 2∶6 intercropping pattern was more conducive to the increase of peanut pod and nut yields. Based on the comprehensive analysis of the mixed yield of corn and peanut intercropping system, we could see whether the mixed yield of peanut pods and corn or the mixed yield of peanut nuts and corn were both the highest under late sowing and 2∶6 intercropping pattern, which were 1 069.68 kg and 1 002.20 kg per 666.7 m~2 respectively, and increased by 3.68% and 17.04% respectively compared with the single cropping pattern.
引文
[1] 相云秋,张甜,邹晓霞,等.玉米花生间作对花生植株生长动态影响的研究[J].农业科学,2018,8(1):69-75.
[2] 孟维伟,高华鑫,张正,等.不同玉米花生间作模式对系统产量及土地当量比的影响[J].山东农业科学,2016,48(12):32-36.
[3] 杨坚群,甄晓宇,栗鑫鑫,等.不同耕作方式对花生生理特性、产量及品质的影响[J].花生学报,2019,48(1):9-14.
[4] 焦念元,宁堂原,杨萌珂,等.玉米花生间作对玉米光合特性及产量形成的影响[J].生态学报,2013,33(14):4324-4330.
[5] 高砚亮,孙占祥,白伟,等.玉米‖花生间作系统作物产量及根系空间分布特征的影响[J].玉米科学,2016,24(6):79-87.
[6] 鲁俊田,赵新华,宁家林,等.玉米‖花生间作系统与玉米根功能及其保护酶活性关系研究[J].玉米科学,2018,26(6):99-103.
[7] 南镇武,孟维伟,徐杰,等.盐碱地玉米‖花生间作对群体覆盖和产量的影响[J].山东农业科学,2018,50(12):26-29,34.
[8] 薛国峰,安曈昕,吴开贤,等.间套作中作物播期配置研究综述[J].云南农业大学学报,2013,28(4):576-581.
[9] 赵建华,孙建好,李伟绮.玉米播期对大豆/玉米间作产量及种间竞争力的影响[J].中国生态农业学报,2018,26(11):1634-1642.
[10] 杨燕竹,杜青,陈平,等.玉米大豆播期衔接对间作大豆干物质积累及产量的影响[J].华北农学报,2017,32(3):96-102.
[11] 徐婷,雍太文,刘文钰,等.播期和密度对玉米-大豆套作模式下大豆植株、干物质积累及产量的影响[J].中国油料作物学报,2014,36(5):593-601.
[12] 谢永利,陈颖.不同间作方式对玉米产量的影响[J].山地农业生物学报,2004,23(5):381-385.
[13] 李美,孙智明,李朦朦,等.不同比例玉米花生间作对花生生长及产量品质的影响[J].核农学报,2013,27(3):391-397.
[14] 雍太文,刘小明,宋春,等.种植方式对玉米-大豆套作体系中作物产量、养分吸收和种间竞争的影响[J].中国生态农业学报,2015,23(6):659-667.
[15] 卞新民,冯金侠,刘景春,等.苏南丘陵旱地麦/玉米/秋作复合群体时空结构配置研究[J].耕作与栽培,1999(5):14-15,29.
[2] 孟维伟,高华鑫,张正,等.不同玉米花生间作模式对系统产量及土地当量比的影响[J].山东农业科学,2016,48(12):32-36.
[3] 杨坚群,甄晓宇,栗鑫鑫,等.不同耕作方式对花生生理特性、产量及品质的影响[J].花生学报,2019,48(1):9-14.
[4] 焦念元,宁堂原,杨萌珂,等.玉米花生间作对玉米光合特性及产量形成的影响[J].生态学报,2013,33(14):4324-4330.
[5] 高砚亮,孙占祥,白伟,等.玉米‖花生间作系统作物产量及根系空间分布特征的影响[J].玉米科学,2016,24(6):79-87.
[6] 鲁俊田,赵新华,宁家林,等.玉米‖花生间作系统与玉米根功能及其保护酶活性关系研究[J].玉米科学,2018,26(6):99-103.
[7] 南镇武,孟维伟,徐杰,等.盐碱地玉米‖花生间作对群体覆盖和产量的影响[J].山东农业科学,2018,50(12):26-29,34.
[8] 薛国峰,安曈昕,吴开贤,等.间套作中作物播期配置研究综述[J].云南农业大学学报,2013,28(4):576-581.
[9] 赵建华,孙建好,李伟绮.玉米播期对大豆/玉米间作产量及种间竞争力的影响[J].中国生态农业学报,2018,26(11):1634-1642.
[10] 杨燕竹,杜青,陈平,等.玉米大豆播期衔接对间作大豆干物质积累及产量的影响[J].华北农学报,2017,32(3):96-102.
[11] 徐婷,雍太文,刘文钰,等.播期和密度对玉米-大豆套作模式下大豆植株、干物质积累及产量的影响[J].中国油料作物学报,2014,36(5):593-601.
[12] 谢永利,陈颖.不同间作方式对玉米产量的影响[J].山地农业生物学报,2004,23(5):381-385.
[13] 李美,孙智明,李朦朦,等.不同比例玉米花生间作对花生生长及产量品质的影响[J].核农学报,2013,27(3):391-397.
[14] 雍太文,刘小明,宋春,等.种植方式对玉米-大豆套作体系中作物产量、养分吸收和种间竞争的影响[J].中国生态农业学报,2015,23(6):659-667.
[15] 卞新民,冯金侠,刘景春,等.苏南丘陵旱地麦/玉米/秋作复合群体时空结构配置研究[J].耕作与栽培,1999(5):14-15,29.