瑞香狼毒的民族植物学、植物化学及其药理学研究进展
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摘要
瑞香狼毒(Stellera chamejasme L.)属瑞香科(Thymelaeacea)狼毒属(Stellera L.)多年生草本植物,分布于我国东北、华北和西南等地,多集中分布在草原地区,对于高寒、干旱等恶劣的环境具有较强的忍受性和适应性,在退化草场上逐渐成为优势种,抑制了牧草的生长,影响畜牧业发展。瑞香狼毒全株有毒,但具有一定的药用价值,中医常用来治疗水肿及皮肤病;瑞香狼毒含有香豆素类、木脂素类、黄酮类、二萜类和苯丙素类等等多种活性成分,具有抑菌、抗肿瘤等作用。本文综述了近年来瑞香狼毒分类分布、生药学、植物化学以及药理学等方面的研究进展,为更好地防治和利用瑞香狼毒提供理论依据。
Stellera chamejasmeL. belongs to the family Thymelaeacea. It is mainly distributed in the northeast, north and southwest of China. It is concentrated in the grassland area. It has strong tolerance and adaptability to the harsh natural environment such as high cold and drought. It gradually becomes a dominant population on degraded grassland, inhibiting the growth of pasture and affecting the development of animal husbandry. The whole plant of Stellera chamaejasme is toxic, but it has certain medicinal value. Traditional Chinese medicine is commonly used to treat edema and skin diseases; Stellera chamaejasme contains various active ingredients such as coumarins, lignans, flavonoids, diterpenoids and phenylpropanoids, and has antibacterial and antitumor effects. In the present study, recent advances in the classification, distribution, pharmacology, phytochemistry and pharmacology of Stellera chamaejasmeare reviewed, which can provides a theoretical basis for better control and utilization of Stellera chamaejasme.
Stellera chamejasmeL. belongs to the family Thymelaeacea. It is mainly distributed in the northeast, north and southwest of China. It is concentrated in the grassland area. It has strong tolerance and adaptability to the harsh natural environment such as high cold and drought. It gradually becomes a dominant population on degraded grassland, inhibiting the growth of pasture and affecting the development of animal husbandry. The whole plant of Stellera chamaejasme is toxic, but it has certain medicinal value. Traditional Chinese medicine is commonly used to treat edema and skin diseases; Stellera chamaejasme contains various active ingredients such as coumarins, lignans, flavonoids, diterpenoids and phenylpropanoids, and has antibacterial and antitumor effects. In the present study, recent advances in the classification, distribution, pharmacology, phytochemistry and pharmacology of Stellera chamaejasmeare reviewed, which can provides a theoretical basis for better control and utilization of Stellera chamaejasme.
引文
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[45] 贾正平,樊俊杰,王彦广.瑞香狼毒水提物小鼠药物血清对小鼠白血病L1210细胞增殖、克隆形成和DNA合成的影响[J].中草药,2001,32(9):807-809.
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[2] 李扬汉,韩学俊.应重视对有毒杂草狼毒的综合治理[J].植物杂志,1995,(6):4-5.
[3] 权宜淑.瑞香狼毒的研究概况[J].陕西中医,1999,20(9):425-426.
[4] 韩学俊,王文乾.狼毒的危害与防除[J].植物保护,1993,19(4):45.
[5] 杨晓伟,于欢,古少鹏,等.5种中药对常见皮肤癣菌抑菌效果评价[J].中国兽医杂志,2016,52(5):69-71.
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[8] 黄祖杰,周淑清.草地重要有毒植物—狼毒[J].四川草原,1993,(4):24-27.
[9] 张国洲,陈于年,王亚维,等.瑞香科杀虫植物—瑞香狼毒[J].华中师范大学学报(自然科学版),2000,34(3):326-330.
[10] 祁振声,程伟民.狼毒与蔄茹及草蔄茹的本草考证[J].河北林果研究,2002,17(3):222-227.
[11] 赵奎君,徐国钧,金蓉鸾,等.狼毒类专题研究//常用中药材品种整理和质量研究(南方协作组)[M].福州:福建科学技术出版社,1997.
[12] 卓兆莲,高英,李卫民,等.瑞香狼毒药材质量标准研究[J].中药材,2008,31(1):135-137.
[13] 吕娟涛,罗文蓉.瑞香狼毒的生药学研究[J].医学信息,2010,23(9):167-168.
[14] 赵台安,奚建华.瑞香狼毒的生药学鉴定研究[J].法医学杂志,1985,10(1):33-36.
[15] 赵奎君,杨隽,徐国钧,等.瑞香狼毒与黄花瑞香狼毒的生药鉴定[J].中药材,2000,23(1):16-19.
[16] 包桂花,吴香杰,通拉嘎,等.蒙药材瑞香狼毒的生药鉴定[J].内蒙古民族大学学报:蒙医药学版,2005,(2):50-53.
[17] 黄文魁,张振杰.瑞香科狼毒中的双二氢黄酮—狼毒素(Chamaejasmine)的结构[J].兰州大学学报,1977,12(4):50-54.
[18] Wang Z X,Cheng M C.Cytotoxic biflavones from Stellera chamaejasme L.[J].Fitoterapia,2014,99:334-340.
[19] 郑宝江,胡海清.松嫩草地瑞香狼毒香豆素类化合物含量动态变化[J].黑龙江大学自然科学学报,2006,23(2):223-226.
[20] Modonova L D,Zhapova T S,Bulatova.Cumarins from Stellera chamaejasme L.[J].Chem Nat Comp,1985,21(5):666-667.
[21] Jiang Z H,Tanaka T,Sakamoto T,et al.Biflavanones,diterpenes,and coumarins from the roots of Stellera chamaejasme L.[J].Chem Pharm Bull,2002,50(1):137-139.
[22] 路利芹,崔海燕,张立春,等.瑞香狼毒地上部分化学成分的研究[J].天然产物研究与开发,2014,26(1):53-55.
[23] Tikhomrova L I,Markvoa L P,Tumbaa H,et al.Coumarins fromStellera chamaejasme L.[J].Khim Prir Soedin,1974,(3):402-409.
[24] 冯宝民,裴月湖,韩冰.瑞香狼毒化学成分的研究[J].沈阳药科大学学报,2000,7(17):258-259,288.
[25] 杨国红,陈道峰.瑞香狼毒中一个新双香豆素-异西瑞香素B[J].中国天然药物,2006,4(4):425-427.
[26] 冯宝民,弓晓杰,史丽颖,等.瑞香狼毒根中酚类成分的研究[J].中国中药杂志,2008,33(4):403-405.
[27] 刘欣,叶文才,车镇涛,等.瑞香狼毒的木脂素类成分研究[J].中国药科大学学报,2003,34(2):116-118.
[28] Tatematsu H,Kurokawa M,Niwa M,et al.Piscici dalconstituents of Stellera chamaejasme L.[J].Chem Pharm Bull,1984,32(4):1612-1613.
[29] 罗喜荣,李桂兰,杨军,等.同步荧光法测定瑞香狼毒中的总黄酮含量[J].广东农业科学,2012,39(5):94-95.
[30] 杨伟文,邢有权,宋茂森,等.7-甲氧基狼毒素的分离与结构鉴定[J].高等学校化学学报,1984,5(5):671-673.
[31] Niwa M,Liu G Q,Atematsu H.Chamaechromone,a novel rearranged biflavonoid from Stellera chamaejasme L.[J].Tetrahedron Lett,1984,25(34):35-37.
[32] Liu G Q,Tatematsuh,Kurokawa M,et al.Novel C-3/C-3′-Biflavanones from Stellera chamaejasme L.[J].Chem Pharm Bull,1984,32(1):362-365.
[33] Niwa M,OtsujiS,Tatematsu H.Stereostructures of two biflavanones from Stellera chamaejasme L.[J].Chem Pharm Bull,1986,34(8):32-49.
[34] Jin C D,Ronald G M,Mohsen Daneshtalab.Phenypropanoid glycosides from Stellera chamaejasme L.[J].Phytochemistry,1999,50:677-680.
[35] Niwa M,Takamizawa M,Tatematsu H,et al.Piscicidal constituents of Stellera chamajasme L.[J].Chem Pharm Bull,1982,30(12):4518-4520.
[36] 杨伟文,立兆琳,杨玉成,等.瑞香狼毒化学成分的研究(V)[J].中药通报,1985,10(12):31-32.
[37] 蔡凡,张芳向,邹振红,等.瑞香狼毒化学成分研究(V)挥发油化学成分研究[J].中国现代药物应用,2012,6(19):120-121.
[38] 孙芳云,张斌,朱深银,等.西藏地产藏药瑞香狼毒的抗炎作用研究[J].中成药,2007,29(5):759-760.
[39] 李文娟,龚晓霞,王泓,等.青藏高原有毒植物瑞香狼毒根抑菌活性初步研究[J].西北植物学报,2005,25(8):1661-1664.
[40] 杨顺义,郭东艳,张新虎.瑞香狼毒根中抑菌成分提取工艺[J].农药,2006,45(9):594-595.
[41] 周乐,元超,秦宝福,等.瑞香狼毒根的抑菌活性成分研究(Ⅱ)[J].西北植物学报,2004,24(12):2346-2349.
[42] 梁海英,陶科,张新刚,等.瑞香狼毒对稻瘟病菌的抑制活性及其机理的初步研究[J].四川大学学报:自然科学版,2008,5(2):446-450.
[43] 温哲屹,师光禄,苏学友,等.瑞香狼毒提取物对病原菌及桃酶的生物活性研究[J].北京农学院学报,2008,23(1):25-29.
[44] 刘晓霓,李玉洁,杨庆,等.瑞香狼毒醇提物体外抗肿瘤作用研究[J].中国中药杂志,2010,35(22):3048-3051.
[45] 贾正平,樊俊杰,王彦广.瑞香狼毒水提物小鼠药物血清对小鼠白血病L1210细胞增殖、克隆形成和DNA合成的影响[J].中草药,2001,32(9):807-809.
[46] 冯威健.瑞香狼毒提取物尼地吗啉的抗癌活性[J].中国肿瘤杂志,1995,17(1):24.
[47] 马学真,姚远,张华,等.狼毒浸出液抗肝癌作用的实验研究[J].齐鲁医学杂志,1998,13(4):248-249.
[48] Guo F P,Long C,Xing Z F,et al.Ethanol extract of Stellera chamaejasme L.inhibits hepatoma cell proliferation through down-regulation of smad4-mediated TGF-β signaling pathway[J].Int J Pharm,2017,13:628-635.
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