基于颗粒分散-电选法细粒黑铝灰中的铝资源回收
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摘要
采用喷射气流分散结合高压电晕静电分选手段,对二次铝工业中主要副产物细粒黑铝灰中铝资源进行回收。利用现代图像处理及扫描电镜分析方法验证分散后样品中铝与盐组分的分离状态,设计并采用闭环测试完成单次电选和连续电选,通过X射线荧光光谱(XRF)和X射线衍射(XRD)分析分选产物的铝含量。结果表明:喷射气流分散后的样品颗粒大部分以独立单体状态分布,铝与盐类组分实现有效分离;含铝组分更多存在于样品的大颗粒部分中且能通过电选得到有效分离,三步电选完成后,分选产物中铝含量达到饱和,Al2O3质量分数由50.74%提升至64.93%,其中金属铝含量由8%提升至31%。
The recovery of aluminum resource from fine black dross, which is a waste by-product in secondary aluminum production, was investigated by high-voltage corona electrostatic separation combined with jet airflow dispersion. The modern image processing and scanning electron microscope were used to analyze the separation status between aluminum and salt components after jet airflow dispersion. A locked cycle test was designed and used to complete single step and continuous electrostatic separation. The aluminum content of separated products was measured by X-ray Fluorescence(XRF) and X-ray diffraction(XRD). The dispersion results indicate that, most of sample particles are distributed individually after dispersion. The aluminum is separated effectively from salt components. The separation results indicate that, the larger size fraction of sample contains more aluminum and can be separated by electrostatic separation. When the third separation step is completed, the aluminum content of separated products reaches saturation.Al_2O_3 mass fraction increases from 50.74% to 64.93%, and the metallic aluminum content increases from 8% to 31%.
The recovery of aluminum resource from fine black dross, which is a waste by-product in secondary aluminum production, was investigated by high-voltage corona electrostatic separation combined with jet airflow dispersion. The modern image processing and scanning electron microscope were used to analyze the separation status between aluminum and salt components after jet airflow dispersion. A locked cycle test was designed and used to complete single step and continuous electrostatic separation. The aluminum content of separated products was measured by X-ray Fluorescence(XRF) and X-ray diffraction(XRD). The dispersion results indicate that, most of sample particles are distributed individually after dispersion. The aluminum is separated effectively from salt components. The separation results indicate that, the larger size fraction of sample contains more aluminum and can be separated by electrostatic separation. When the third separation step is completed, the aluminum content of separated products reaches saturation.Al_2O_3 mass fraction increases from 50.74% to 64.93%, and the metallic aluminum content increases from 8% to 31%.
引文
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[22]任俊,沈健,卢寿慈.颗粒分散科学与技术[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2005:66-67.REN Jun,SHEN Jian,LU Shou-ci.Particle dispersion science and technology[M].Beijing:Chemical Industry Press,2005:66-67.
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[24]曹云霄,王志强,王进君,李国锋.基于图像识别的微细粒子静电捕集效率评价方法[J].高电压技术,2016,42(5):1455-1462.CAO Yun-xiao,WANG Zhi-qiang,WANG Jin-jun,LIGuo-feng.Evaluation method of fine particle electrostatic collection efficiency based on image identification[J].High Voltage Technology,2016,42(5):1455-1462.
[25]MAH K,TOGURI J M,SMITH H W.Electrostatic separation of aluminum from dross[J].Conservation&Recycling,1986,9(4):325-334.
[26]AGAR G E.Calculation of locked cycle flotation test results[J].Minerals Engineering,2000,13(14/15):1533-1542.
[2]李远兵,孙莉,赵雷,常娜,周胜,李亚伟.铝灰的综合利用[J].中国有色冶金,2008,6:63-67.LI Yuan-bing,SUN Li,ZHAO Lei,CHANG Na,ZHOUSheng,LI Ya-wei.Utilization of aluminum ash[J].China Nonferrous Metallurgy,2008,6:63-67.
[3]王宝庆,王丹,廖耀华,刘振锋,任保增.铝灰回收工艺研究进展[J].河南化工,2015,32(3):12-15.WANG Bao-qing,WANG Dan,LIAO Yao-hua,LIUZhen-feng,REN Bao-zeng.Research progress of recovery technology for aluminum dross[J].Henan Chemical Industry,2015,32(3):12-15.
[4]HWANG J Y,HUANG X,XU Z.Recovery of metals from aluminum dross and saltcake[J].Journal of Minerals and Materials Characterization and Engineering,2006,5(1):47.
[5]TSAKIRIDIS P E,OUSTADAKIS P,AGATZINI-LEONARDOU S.Aluminium recovery during black dross hydrothermal treatment[J].Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering,2013,1(1/2):23-32.
[6]TSAKIRIDIS P E.Aluminium salt slag characterization and utilization-A review[J].Journal of hazardous materials,2012,217:1-10.
[7]李菲,郑磊,冀树军,苏鹏,郭学益.铝灰中铝资源回收工艺现状与展望[J].轻金属,2009(12):3-8.LI Fei,ZHENG Lei,JI Shu-jun,SUN Peng,GUO Xue-yi.The status quo and prospects of the techniques of aluminium dross resources recycling[J].Light Metals,2009(12):3-8.
[8]DROUET M G,MEUNIER J,LAFLAMME C B.Dross treatment in a rotary arc furnace with graphite electrodes[J].JOM,1994,46(5):26-27.
[9]üNLüN,DROUET M G.Comparison of salt-free aluminum dross treatment processes[J].Resources,Conservation and Recycling,2002,36(1):61-72.
[10]DASH B,DAS B R,TRIPATHY B C,BHATTACHARYA IN,DAS S C.Acid dissolution of alumina from waste aluminium dross[J].Hydrometallurgy,2008,92(1/2):48-53.
[11]吴艳,辛海霞,陈若平,牟文宁,翟玉春.铝灰碱浸提取铝工艺研究[J].中国稀土学报,2010,28(s):752-754.WU Yan,XIN Hai-xia,CHEN Ruo-ping,MO Wen-ning,ZHAI Yu-chu.Study of extracting alumina from aluminum dross[J].Journal of the Chinese Rare Earth Society,2010,28(s):752-754.
[12]SOTO H,TOGURI J M.Aluminum recovery from dross by flotation[J].Conservation&Recycling,1986,9(1):45-54.
[13]BRUCKARD W J,WOODCOCK J T.Recovery of valuable materials from aluminium salt cakes[J].International Journal of Mineral Processing,2009,93(1):1-5.
[14]KELLY E G,SPOTTISWOOD D J.The theory of electrostatic separations:A review PartⅠ.Fundamentals[J].Minerals Engineering,1989,2(1):33-46.
[15]马俊伟,王真真,李金惠.电选法回收废印刷线路板中金属Cu的研究[J].环境科学,2006,27(9):1895-1900.MA Jun-wei,WANG Zhen-zhen,LI Jin-hui.Study on recovery of copper from waste printed wiring boards by electrostatic separation[J].Environmental Science,2006,27(9):1895-1900.
[16]CHEN J,HONAKER R.Dry separation on coal-silica mixture using rotary triboelectrostatic separator[J].Fuel Processing Technology,2015,131:317-324.
[17]REGUIG A,BENDAOUD A,DORDIZADEH P,SALAMAA R,MESSAL S,DASCALESCV L.Experimental study of a modified dual-type high-voltage electrode for electrostatic separation applications[J].Journal of Electrostatics,2017,88:232-235.
[18]柴登鹏,周云峰,李昌林,汪艳芳,刘卓.铝灰综合回收利用的国内外技术现状及趋势[J].轻金属,2015(6):1-4.CHAI Deng-peng,ZHOU Yun-feng,LI Chang-lin,WANGYan-fang,LIU Zhuo.The technology status and trends of comprehensive recovery and utilization of aluminum dross both at home and abroad[J].Light Metals,2015(6):1-4.
[19]夏秀文,张新琴,曹春燕.利用参比强度法半定量相分析标定磁性样品金相物相[J].井冈山大学学报(自然科学版),2010,31(5):35-37.XIA Xiu-wen,ZHANG Xin-qin,CAO Chun-yan.Magnetic alloy micrograph indication based on semi-quantitative component analysis by RIR method[J].Journal of Jinggangshan University(Natural Science),2010,31(5):35-37.
[20]ENDO Y,HASEBE S,KOUSAKA Y.Dispersion of aggregates of fine powder by acceleration in an air stream and its application to the evaluation of adhesion between particles[J].Powder Technology,1997,91(1):25-30.
[21]谢广元,张明旭,边炳鑫,樊民强.选矿学[M].徐州:中国矿业大学出版社,2001:372-373.XIE Guang-yuan,ZHANG Ming-xu,BIAN Bing-xin,FANMin-qiang.Mineral concentration[M].Xuzhou:China University of Mining and Technology Press,2001:372-373.
[22]任俊,沈健,卢寿慈.颗粒分散科学与技术[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2005:66-67.REN Jun,SHEN Jian,LU Shou-ci.Particle dispersion science and technology[M].Beijing:Chemical Industry Press,2005:66-67.
[23]REN J,LU S,SHEN J,YU C.Electrostatic dispersion of fine particles in the air[J].Powder Technology,2001,120(3):187-193.
[24]曹云霄,王志强,王进君,李国锋.基于图像识别的微细粒子静电捕集效率评价方法[J].高电压技术,2016,42(5):1455-1462.CAO Yun-xiao,WANG Zhi-qiang,WANG Jin-jun,LIGuo-feng.Evaluation method of fine particle electrostatic collection efficiency based on image identification[J].High Voltage Technology,2016,42(5):1455-1462.
[25]MAH K,TOGURI J M,SMITH H W.Electrostatic separation of aluminum from dross[J].Conservation&Recycling,1986,9(4):325-334.
[26]AGAR G E.Calculation of locked cycle flotation test results[J].Minerals Engineering,2000,13(14/15):1533-1542.