美国高校荣誉准则制度微探
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摘要
美国高校荣誉准则制度作为一种承诺机制,缘起于杰斐逊的民主等思想,是美国高校学术诚信教育的重要路径之一。它以特有的仪式化誓言、组织化结构、程序化流程与差异化惩戒,体现了学生自治、权责明确、差异惩戒、如实记录等基本特征,其将学生主体纳入荣誉准则制度实施、将制度实施融入教育全过程、将人性化理念融入处罚环节、将契约精神融入制度建设等做法给予我们重要启示。
As a kind of commitment system,the American college honor code system originated from Jefferson's democratic thought and is one of the important paths of educa-tion in American colleges and universities. It owns ritualized oath,organization structure,procedural process and differentiated punishment,and reflects the features of student auton-omy,clear authority,sound system and faithful record. By including the students as part ofthe honor code system,integrating the integrity education into the whole process of educa-tion,infusing humanization into dishonest behavior punishment and putting the spirit ofcontract into the system construction,this practice gives us important enlightenment.
As a kind of commitment system,the American college honor code system originated from Jefferson's democratic thought and is one of the important paths of educa-tion in American colleges and universities. It owns ritualized oath,organization structure,procedural process and differentiated punishment,and reflects the features of student auton-omy,clear authority,sound system and faithful record. By including the students as part ofthe honor code system,integrating the integrity education into the whole process of educa-tion,infusing humanization into dishonest behavior punishment and putting the spirit ofcontract into the system construction,this practice gives us important enlightenment.
引文
[1]Dumas Malone. Jefferson and His Time[M]. New York:Little,Brown and Company,1974:175.
[2]林玉体.美国教育思想史[M].台湾:九州出版社,2006:112.
[3]William Damon. Bringing in a New Era in Character Education[M]. California:Hoover Institu-tion Press,2002:11.
[4][美]伊丽莎白·基丝,J.彼得·尤本.反思当代大学的德育使命[M].孙纪瑶,段妍,译.北京:人民出版社,2017:132.
[5]College of William&Mary. University Regulations,Policies and Procedures[EB/OL].[2018-01-20]. https://www.wm.edu/offices/compliance/policies/index.php.
[6]The University of Virginia. Honor-Case-Flow-Chart.pdf[EB/OL].[2017-05-09]. http://www.virginia.edu/honor/wp-content/uploads/2015/07/.
[7]D. L. McCabe,L.K. Trvino,K.D. Butterfield. Academic Integrity in Honor Code and Non-honorCode Environments:A Qualitative Investigation[J]. Journal of Higher Education,2002,(2):211-234.
[8]Elizabheth Kiss,J. Peter Euben,Debating Moral Education:Rethinking the Role of the ModernUniversity[M]. Durham:Duke University Press,2010:180.
[9]Academic Integrity at Princeton. The University as an Intellectual Community[EB/OL].[2017-12-11]. https://odoc.princeton.edu/sites/odoc/files/Academic%20Integrity%20Booklet%202018-19.pdf.
[10]Academic Integrity at Princeton. The United States Military Academy[EB/OL].[2018-01-20].http://www.west-point-academy.com/
[11]College of William&Mary. Honor Code[EB/OL].[2017-05-16]. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/honor_code.
[12]UMassAmherst. Code of Student Conduct[EB/OL].[2018-01-20]. https://www.umass.edu/dean_students/codeofconduct.
[13]Princeton University. Discipline Report 2003-2004.pdf[EB/OL].[2018-01-20]. http://www.princeton.edu/odus/about/docs/.
[14]袁刚,孙家翔,任丙强等.民治主义与现代社会:杜威在华讲演集[M].北京:北京大学出版社,2004:114-117.
[15]R. Hofstadter,W. Smith. American Higher Education:A Documentary History[M]. Chicago:University of Chicago Press,1961:192.
[16]Harvard College. Expos 20[EB/OL].[2018-01-20]. https://writingprogram.fas.harvard.edu/pages/expos-20-0.
[17]QS Top Universities.Honor Code Policy and Procedures[EB/OL].[2017-12-11]. https://www.baylor.edu/honorcode/index.php?id=44060.
[18]QS World University Rankings 2019|Top Universities[EB/OL].[2018-07-29]. https://www.topuniversities.com/university-rankings/world-university-rankings/2019.
[19]习近平.习近平谈治国理政(第二卷)[M].北京:外交出版社,2017:338-342.
(1)在美国各个高校之中,荣誉委员会的存在形式与名称也不完全相同,例如杜克大学的学术诚信委员会、耶鲁大学的学术诚信办公室、宾夕法尼亚大学的荣誉委员会等,但总体看来,其都行使着实施荣誉准则制度的主要职责,为推动学校学术诚信氛围做出积极贡献。
[2]林玉体.美国教育思想史[M].台湾:九州出版社,2006:112.
[3]William Damon. Bringing in a New Era in Character Education[M]. California:Hoover Institu-tion Press,2002:11.
[4][美]伊丽莎白·基丝,J.彼得·尤本.反思当代大学的德育使命[M].孙纪瑶,段妍,译.北京:人民出版社,2017:132.
[5]College of William&Mary. University Regulations,Policies and Procedures[EB/OL].[2018-01-20]. https://www.wm.edu/offices/compliance/policies/index.php.
[6]The University of Virginia. Honor-Case-Flow-Chart.pdf[EB/OL].[2017-05-09]. http://www.virginia.edu/honor/wp-content/uploads/2015/07/.
[7]D. L. McCabe,L.K. Trvino,K.D. Butterfield. Academic Integrity in Honor Code and Non-honorCode Environments:A Qualitative Investigation[J]. Journal of Higher Education,2002,(2):211-234.
[8]Elizabheth Kiss,J. Peter Euben,Debating Moral Education:Rethinking the Role of the ModernUniversity[M]. Durham:Duke University Press,2010:180.
[9]Academic Integrity at Princeton. The University as an Intellectual Community[EB/OL].[2017-12-11]. https://odoc.princeton.edu/sites/odoc/files/Academic%20Integrity%20Booklet%202018-19.pdf.
[10]Academic Integrity at Princeton. The United States Military Academy[EB/OL].[2018-01-20].http://www.west-point-academy.com/
[11]College of William&Mary. Honor Code[EB/OL].[2017-05-16]. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/honor_code.
[12]UMassAmherst. Code of Student Conduct[EB/OL].[2018-01-20]. https://www.umass.edu/dean_students/codeofconduct.
[13]Princeton University. Discipline Report 2003-2004.pdf[EB/OL].[2018-01-20]. http://www.princeton.edu/odus/about/docs/.
[14]袁刚,孙家翔,任丙强等.民治主义与现代社会:杜威在华讲演集[M].北京:北京大学出版社,2004:114-117.
[15]R. Hofstadter,W. Smith. American Higher Education:A Documentary History[M]. Chicago:University of Chicago Press,1961:192.
[16]Harvard College. Expos 20[EB/OL].[2018-01-20]. https://writingprogram.fas.harvard.edu/pages/expos-20-0.
[17]QS Top Universities.Honor Code Policy and Procedures[EB/OL].[2017-12-11]. https://www.baylor.edu/honorcode/index.php?id=44060.
[18]QS World University Rankings 2019|Top Universities[EB/OL].[2018-07-29]. https://www.topuniversities.com/university-rankings/world-university-rankings/2019.
[19]习近平.习近平谈治国理政(第二卷)[M].北京:外交出版社,2017:338-342.
(1)在美国各个高校之中,荣誉委员会的存在形式与名称也不完全相同,例如杜克大学的学术诚信委员会、耶鲁大学的学术诚信办公室、宾夕法尼亚大学的荣誉委员会等,但总体看来,其都行使着实施荣誉准则制度的主要职责,为推动学校学术诚信氛围做出积极贡献。