裂隙砂岩力学特性颗粒流数值模拟
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摘要
为了研究裂隙砂岩力学特性,利用颗粒流(PFC)软件构建含不同几何状态的裂隙试样模型,分析裂隙几何状态对裂隙试样力学特性和变形特性的影响。结果表明:相比于完整试样,裂隙试样的峰值强度、弹性模量、峰值轴向应变均有所降低,泊松比明显提高;裂隙试样峰值强度、弹性模量随着岩桥宽度的增加逐渐增加,随着岩桥倾角增加,裂隙试样弹性模量呈现先减小后增大的变化规律,当岩桥倾角与裂隙倾角相同时,裂隙试样的弹性模量、峰值强度最小;裂隙试样泊松比随着岩桥宽度、围压的增加逐渐降低,随着围压增加,裂隙试样峰值强度、峰值轴向应变逐渐增加;裂隙的存在弱化了试样的力学特性,改变了试样的变形特性,岩桥宽度越小,弱化能力越强,相比于岩桥宽度对裂隙试样的影响程度,岩桥倾角对试样的影响程度较小。
In order to study mechanical properties of fractured sandstone,particle flow code( PFC) software was used to construct the fracture model with different geometric states. The effect of fracture geometry on the mechanical and deformation properties of fracture sample was analyzed. The results showed that compared with complete sample,the peak strength,elastic modulus and peak axial strain of fractured samples were reduced,while Poisson ratio was significantly improved. The peak strength and elastic modulus of fracture samples gradually increased with the increase of rock bridge width,however,along with the increase of rock bridge angle,the elastic modulus of the fractured samples decreased first and then increased. The elastic modulus and peak strength were the minimum when rock bridge angle was same as crack angle. The Poisson ratios of the fractured simples decreased gradually with the increase of width of rock bridge and confining pressure. Along with the increase of confining pressure,the peak strength and peak axial strain of the crack samples increased gradually.The existence of fractures weakened strength characteristics of the specimen and changed deformation characteristics of the samples. The smaller were the rock bridge widths,the stronger was the weakening ability of the sample. Compared with the effects of the width of the rock bridge on the fractured simples,the angle of the rock bridge had less effects on the specimen.
In order to study mechanical properties of fractured sandstone,particle flow code( PFC) software was used to construct the fracture model with different geometric states. The effect of fracture geometry on the mechanical and deformation properties of fracture sample was analyzed. The results showed that compared with complete sample,the peak strength,elastic modulus and peak axial strain of fractured samples were reduced,while Poisson ratio was significantly improved. The peak strength and elastic modulus of fracture samples gradually increased with the increase of rock bridge width,however,along with the increase of rock bridge angle,the elastic modulus of the fractured samples decreased first and then increased. The elastic modulus and peak strength were the minimum when rock bridge angle was same as crack angle. The Poisson ratios of the fractured simples decreased gradually with the increase of width of rock bridge and confining pressure. Along with the increase of confining pressure,the peak strength and peak axial strain of the crack samples increased gradually.The existence of fractures weakened strength characteristics of the specimen and changed deformation characteristics of the samples. The smaller were the rock bridge widths,the stronger was the weakening ability of the sample. Compared with the effects of the width of the rock bridge on the fractured simples,the angle of the rock bridge had less effects on the specimen.
引文
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[7]蒲成志,曹平,陈瑜,等.不同裂隙相对张开度下类岩石材料断裂试验与破坏机理[J].中南大学学报(自然科学版),2011,42(8):2394-2399.PU C Z,CAO P,CHEN Y,et al. Fracture test and failure mechanism of rock-like material of relatively different fracture apertures[J]. Journal of Central South University(Science and Technology),2011,42(8):2394-2399.
[8]蒲成志,曹平,衣永亮.单轴压缩下预制2条贯通裂隙类岩材料断裂行为[J].中南大学学报(自然科学版),2012,43(7):2708-2716.PU C Z,CAO P,YI Y L. Fracture for rock-like materials with two transfixion fissures under uniaxial compression[J]. Journal of Central South University(Science and Technology),2012,43(7):2708-2716.
[9]蒲成志,曹平,赵延林,等.单轴压缩下多裂隙类岩石材料强度试验与数值分析[J].岩土力学,2010,31(11):3661-3666.PU C Z,CAO P,ZHAO Y L,et al. Numerical analysis and strength experiment of rock-like materials with multi-fissures under uniaxial compression[J]. Rock and Soil Mechanics,2010,31(11):3661-3666.
[10]蒲成志,曹平,张春阳,等.双向压缩条件下闭合裂隙岩体断裂破坏机制及渗透压环境判定准则[J].岩土力学,2015,36(1):56-60.PU C Z,CAO P,ZHANG C Y,et al. Fracture failure mechanism of rock with closed crack and judging criterion of seepage pressure under biaxial compression[J]. Rock and Soil Mechanics,2015,36(1):56-60.
[11]肖桃李,李新平,贾善坡.深部单裂隙岩体结构面效应的三轴试验研究与力学分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2012,31(8):1666-1673.XIAO T L,LI X P,JIA S P. Triaxial test research and mechanical analysis based on structure surface effect of deep rock mass with single fissure[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2012,31(8):1666-1673.
[12]肖桃李,李新平,郭运华.三轴压缩条件下单裂隙岩石的破坏特性研究[J].岩土力学,2012,33(11):3251-3256.XIAO T L,LI X P,GUO Y H. Experimental study of failure characteristic of single jointed rock mass under triaxial compression tests[J]. Rock and Soil Mechanics,2012,33(11):3251-3256.
[13]肖桃李,李新平,贾善坡.含2条断续贯通预制裂隙岩样破坏特性的三轴压缩试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2015,34(12):2455-2462.XIAO T L,LI X P,JIA S P. Failure characteristics of rock with two pre-existing transfixion cracks under triaxial compression[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2015,34(12):2455-2462.
[14]郑欣平,曹平,蒲成志.类岩材料多裂隙体在单轴压缩下的数值模拟[J].科学通报,2012,57(13):1106-1111.ZHENG X P,CAO P,PU C Z. Numerical simulation on rock-similar material with multi-fractures under uniaxial compression[J]. China Sci Bull,2012,57(13):1106-1111.
[15]王国艳,于广明,高丽燕,等.初始裂隙倾角对岩石损伤断裂特征的影响研究[J].煤炭科学技术,2017,45(6):100-104.WANG G Y,YU G M,GAO L Y,et al. Study on influence of initial crack dip angle on damage-fractured characteristics of rock[J]. Coal Science and Technology,2017,45(6):100-104.
[16]黄彦华,杨圣奇.非共面双裂隙红砂岩宏细观力学行为颗粒流模拟[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2014,33(8):1644-1653.HUANG Y H,YANG S Q. Particle flow simulation of macro-and meso-mechanical behavior of red sandstone containing two pre-existing non-coplanar fissures[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2014,33(8):1644-1653.
[17]杨圣奇,黄彦华,刘相如.断续双裂隙岩石抗拉强度与裂纹扩展颗粒流分析[J].中国矿业大学学报,2014,43(2):220-226.YANG S Q,HUANG Y H,LIU X R. Particle flow analysis on tensile strength and crack coalescence behavior of brittle rock containing two pre-existing fissure[J].Journal of China University of Mining&Technology,2014,43(2):220-226.
[18]沈春明,林柏泉,刘厅.切槽煤岩试样裂纹扩展颗粒流分析[J].煤炭科学技术,2018,46(7):87-93.SHEN C M,LIN B Q,LIU T. Analysis on particle flow of crack propagation in slotting coal and rock sample[J]. Coal Science and Technology,2018,46(7):87-93.
[19]李宏,张丽萍,邓清海.非贯通裂隙岩体的单轴压缩颗粒流数值模拟[J].水力发电,2018,44(11):26-31.LI H,ZHANG L P,DENG Q H. Numerical simulation of uniaxial compression particle flow in non-penetrating fractured rock mass[J]. Water Power,2018,44(11):26-31.
[20]何涛.煤岩组合体力学模型及细观损伤过程的颗粒流分析[J].煤矿安全,2018,49(11):160-164.HE T. Mechanical model of coal and rock mass and particle flow analysis of mesoscopic damage process[J]. Safety in Coal Mines,2018,49(11):160-164.
[21]陈鹏宇.岩石颗粒流模型单轴压缩的加载速率效应研究[J].地下空间于工程学报,2018,14(3):636-642.CHEN P Y. Loading rate effect analysis on rock particle flow model under uniaxial compression[J]. Chinese Journal of Underground Space and Engineering,2018,14(3):636-642.
[22]胡光辉,徐涛,陈崇枫.基于离散元法的脆性岩石细观蠕变失稳研究[J].工程力学,2018,35(3):26-37.HU G H,XU T,CHEN C F. A Microscopic Study Of Creep And Fracturing Of Brittle Rocks Based On Discrete Element Method[J]. ENGINEERING MECHANICS,2018,35(3):26-37.
[23]章勤飞,刘泉声,刘琪.砂岩单轴压缩破裂过程声发射特性颗粒流分析[J].矿业研究与开发,2018,38(1):85-91.ZHANG Q F,LIU Q S,LIU Q. Particle flow analysis on AE characteristics of sandstone during failure 0rocess under uniaxial compression[J]. MINING R&D,2018,38(1):85-91.
[24] ITASCA CONSULTING GROUP INC. Particle flow code[R]. Sudbury:Itasca Consulting Group Inc.,2004.
[25] HEEKWANG L,SEOKWON J. An experimental and numerical study of fracture coalescence in pre-cracked specimens under uniaxial compression[J]. International Journal of Solids and Structures,2011,48(6):979-999.
[2]刘红岩,黄妤诗,吕淑然,等.基于变形元件的节理岩体压缩损伤本构模型[J].中南大学学报(自然科学版),2014,45(6):2014-2020.LIU H Y,HUANG Y S,LYU S R,et al. A compression damage constitutive model of jointed rock mass based on deformation components[J]. Journal of Central South University(Science and Technology),2014,45(6):2014-2020.
[3]赵怡晴,刘红岩,吕淑然,等.基于变形元件的节理岩体三轴压缩损伤本构模型[J].中南大学学报(自然科学版),2015,46(3):991-996.ZHAO Y Q,LIU H Y,LYU SR,et al. 3-dimensional compression damage constitutive model of jointed rock mass based on deformation components[J]. Journal of Central South University(Science and Technology),2015,46(3):991-996.
[4]杨圣奇,蒋昱州,温森.两条断续预制裂纹粗晶大理岩强度参数的研究[J].工程力学,2008,25(12):127-134.YANG S Q,JIANG Y Z,WEN S. Study on the strength parameters of coarse marble with two pre-existing cracks[J]. ENGINEERING MECHANICS,2008,25(12):127-134.
[5]杨圣奇,戴永浩,韩立军,等.断续预制裂隙脆性大理岩变形破坏特性单轴压缩试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2009,28(12):2391-2404.YANG S Q,DAI Y H,HAN L J,et al. Uniaxial compression experimental research on deformation and failure properties of brittle marble specimen with pre-existing fissures[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2009,28(12):2391-2404.
[6]杨圣奇,刘相如.不同围压下断续预制裂隙大理岩扩容特性试验研究[J].岩土工程学报,2012,34(12):2188-2197.YANG S Q,LIU X R. Experimental investigation on dilatancy behavior of marble with pre-existing fissures under different confining pressures[J]. Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2012,34(12):2188-2197.
[7]蒲成志,曹平,陈瑜,等.不同裂隙相对张开度下类岩石材料断裂试验与破坏机理[J].中南大学学报(自然科学版),2011,42(8):2394-2399.PU C Z,CAO P,CHEN Y,et al. Fracture test and failure mechanism of rock-like material of relatively different fracture apertures[J]. Journal of Central South University(Science and Technology),2011,42(8):2394-2399.
[8]蒲成志,曹平,衣永亮.单轴压缩下预制2条贯通裂隙类岩材料断裂行为[J].中南大学学报(自然科学版),2012,43(7):2708-2716.PU C Z,CAO P,YI Y L. Fracture for rock-like materials with two transfixion fissures under uniaxial compression[J]. Journal of Central South University(Science and Technology),2012,43(7):2708-2716.
[9]蒲成志,曹平,赵延林,等.单轴压缩下多裂隙类岩石材料强度试验与数值分析[J].岩土力学,2010,31(11):3661-3666.PU C Z,CAO P,ZHAO Y L,et al. Numerical analysis and strength experiment of rock-like materials with multi-fissures under uniaxial compression[J]. Rock and Soil Mechanics,2010,31(11):3661-3666.
[10]蒲成志,曹平,张春阳,等.双向压缩条件下闭合裂隙岩体断裂破坏机制及渗透压环境判定准则[J].岩土力学,2015,36(1):56-60.PU C Z,CAO P,ZHANG C Y,et al. Fracture failure mechanism of rock with closed crack and judging criterion of seepage pressure under biaxial compression[J]. Rock and Soil Mechanics,2015,36(1):56-60.
[11]肖桃李,李新平,贾善坡.深部单裂隙岩体结构面效应的三轴试验研究与力学分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2012,31(8):1666-1673.XIAO T L,LI X P,JIA S P. Triaxial test research and mechanical analysis based on structure surface effect of deep rock mass with single fissure[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2012,31(8):1666-1673.
[12]肖桃李,李新平,郭运华.三轴压缩条件下单裂隙岩石的破坏特性研究[J].岩土力学,2012,33(11):3251-3256.XIAO T L,LI X P,GUO Y H. Experimental study of failure characteristic of single jointed rock mass under triaxial compression tests[J]. Rock and Soil Mechanics,2012,33(11):3251-3256.
[13]肖桃李,李新平,贾善坡.含2条断续贯通预制裂隙岩样破坏特性的三轴压缩试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2015,34(12):2455-2462.XIAO T L,LI X P,JIA S P. Failure characteristics of rock with two pre-existing transfixion cracks under triaxial compression[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2015,34(12):2455-2462.
[14]郑欣平,曹平,蒲成志.类岩材料多裂隙体在单轴压缩下的数值模拟[J].科学通报,2012,57(13):1106-1111.ZHENG X P,CAO P,PU C Z. Numerical simulation on rock-similar material with multi-fractures under uniaxial compression[J]. China Sci Bull,2012,57(13):1106-1111.
[15]王国艳,于广明,高丽燕,等.初始裂隙倾角对岩石损伤断裂特征的影响研究[J].煤炭科学技术,2017,45(6):100-104.WANG G Y,YU G M,GAO L Y,et al. Study on influence of initial crack dip angle on damage-fractured characteristics of rock[J]. Coal Science and Technology,2017,45(6):100-104.
[16]黄彦华,杨圣奇.非共面双裂隙红砂岩宏细观力学行为颗粒流模拟[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2014,33(8):1644-1653.HUANG Y H,YANG S Q. Particle flow simulation of macro-and meso-mechanical behavior of red sandstone containing two pre-existing non-coplanar fissures[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2014,33(8):1644-1653.
[17]杨圣奇,黄彦华,刘相如.断续双裂隙岩石抗拉强度与裂纹扩展颗粒流分析[J].中国矿业大学学报,2014,43(2):220-226.YANG S Q,HUANG Y H,LIU X R. Particle flow analysis on tensile strength and crack coalescence behavior of brittle rock containing two pre-existing fissure[J].Journal of China University of Mining&Technology,2014,43(2):220-226.
[18]沈春明,林柏泉,刘厅.切槽煤岩试样裂纹扩展颗粒流分析[J].煤炭科学技术,2018,46(7):87-93.SHEN C M,LIN B Q,LIU T. Analysis on particle flow of crack propagation in slotting coal and rock sample[J]. Coal Science and Technology,2018,46(7):87-93.
[19]李宏,张丽萍,邓清海.非贯通裂隙岩体的单轴压缩颗粒流数值模拟[J].水力发电,2018,44(11):26-31.LI H,ZHANG L P,DENG Q H. Numerical simulation of uniaxial compression particle flow in non-penetrating fractured rock mass[J]. Water Power,2018,44(11):26-31.
[20]何涛.煤岩组合体力学模型及细观损伤过程的颗粒流分析[J].煤矿安全,2018,49(11):160-164.HE T. Mechanical model of coal and rock mass and particle flow analysis of mesoscopic damage process[J]. Safety in Coal Mines,2018,49(11):160-164.
[21]陈鹏宇.岩石颗粒流模型单轴压缩的加载速率效应研究[J].地下空间于工程学报,2018,14(3):636-642.CHEN P Y. Loading rate effect analysis on rock particle flow model under uniaxial compression[J]. Chinese Journal of Underground Space and Engineering,2018,14(3):636-642.
[22]胡光辉,徐涛,陈崇枫.基于离散元法的脆性岩石细观蠕变失稳研究[J].工程力学,2018,35(3):26-37.HU G H,XU T,CHEN C F. A Microscopic Study Of Creep And Fracturing Of Brittle Rocks Based On Discrete Element Method[J]. ENGINEERING MECHANICS,2018,35(3):26-37.
[23]章勤飞,刘泉声,刘琪.砂岩单轴压缩破裂过程声发射特性颗粒流分析[J].矿业研究与开发,2018,38(1):85-91.ZHANG Q F,LIU Q S,LIU Q. Particle flow analysis on AE characteristics of sandstone during failure 0rocess under uniaxial compression[J]. MINING R&D,2018,38(1):85-91.
[24] ITASCA CONSULTING GROUP INC. Particle flow code[R]. Sudbury:Itasca Consulting Group Inc.,2004.
[25] HEEKWANG L,SEOKWON J. An experimental and numerical study of fracture coalescence in pre-cracked specimens under uniaxial compression[J]. International Journal of Solids and Structures,2011,48(6):979-999.