N-乙酰半胱氨酸和冷应激对肉鸡肠道组织形态、能量代谢和抗氧化能力的影响
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摘要
本试验旨在研究N-乙酰半胱氨酸(NAC)和冷应激对肉鸡肠道组织形态、能量状况和抗氧化能力的影响。试验将200只1日龄健康雄性科宝肉鸡随机分为4个处理组:对照组(基础日粮)、NAC组(基础日粮+0.1%NAC)、冷应激组(基础日粮)与冷应激+NAC组(基础日粮+0.1%NAC),每组5个重复,每个重复10只鸡。试验第1~2周按常规饲养方法控制温度,试验第3~6周冷应激组和冷应激+NAC组的温度控制在(10±2)℃,而对照组与NAC组维持在(26±2)℃。结果表明:冷应激处理使肉鸡平均日采食量、平均日增重、空肠低氧诱导因子1(HIF-1)m RNA水平显著下降(P<0.05),饲料转化率、回肠一磷酸腺苷(AMP)含量和空肠隐窝深度极显著升高(P<0.01);日粮添加0.1%NAC显著提高了冷应激肉鸡肠道绒毛高度(VH)、十二指肠与空肠绒毛高度与隐窝深度比值(VH/CD)、空肠三磷酸腺苷(ATP)和腺苷酸池(TAN)含量、回肠ATP和二磷酸腺苷(ADP)及能荷(AEC)含量、十二指肠超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和过氧化氢酶(CAT)活力、回肠谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活力、空肠血红素加氧酶(HMOX)m RNA水平(P<0.05)。因此,日粮中添加0.1%的N-乙酰半胱氨酸可改善肠道组织形态和能量状况,提高冷应激肉鸡肠道抗氧化能力。
This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of N-acetylcysteine(NAC) and cold stress on intestinal morphology, energy status and antioxidant capacity in broilers. The experiment was divided into 4 groups according to the factorial design(2 × 2). Two hundred 1-day-old male Cobb chickens were randomly divided into 4 groups: control group(basal diet), NAC group(basal diet + 0.1% NAC), cold-stressed group(basal diet), and cold stress + NAC group(basal diet + 0.1% NAC). Each group had 5 replicates with 10 chickens per replicate. The temperature form first to second week was controlled with conventional feeding management, whereas that from the third to sixth week in the cold-stressed and cold-stress + NAC groups was maintained at(10 ± 2)℃, which was differed with the other groups(26 ± 2)℃. The humidity was 50%~60%. The results showed that cold stress treatment decreased the broiler average daily feed intake(ADFI), average daily gain(ADG), and HIF-1 m RNA level in the jejunum(P<0.05), whereas increased the feed conversion ratio(FCR), the level of AMP(P<0.05), and crypt depth(CD) in the ileum and jejunum(P<0.01) of broilers. Additionally, diet supplemented with 0.1% NAC increased(P<0.05) the intestinal villus height(VH), VH/CD in the duodenum and jejunum, the levels of ATP and TAN in the jejunum, the levels of ATP, ADP, and AEC in the ileum, the activities of SOD and CAT in the duodenum, the GSH-Px activity and the HMOX m RNA level in the ileum of cold-stressed broilers. Taken together, diet supplemented with 0.1% NAC could improve the intestinal morphology and energy status and increase the intestinal antioxidant capacity of cold-stressed broilers.
This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of N-acetylcysteine(NAC) and cold stress on intestinal morphology, energy status and antioxidant capacity in broilers. The experiment was divided into 4 groups according to the factorial design(2 × 2). Two hundred 1-day-old male Cobb chickens were randomly divided into 4 groups: control group(basal diet), NAC group(basal diet + 0.1% NAC), cold-stressed group(basal diet), and cold stress + NAC group(basal diet + 0.1% NAC). Each group had 5 replicates with 10 chickens per replicate. The temperature form first to second week was controlled with conventional feeding management, whereas that from the third to sixth week in the cold-stressed and cold-stress + NAC groups was maintained at(10 ± 2)℃, which was differed with the other groups(26 ± 2)℃. The humidity was 50%~60%. The results showed that cold stress treatment decreased the broiler average daily feed intake(ADFI), average daily gain(ADG), and HIF-1 m RNA level in the jejunum(P<0.05), whereas increased the feed conversion ratio(FCR), the level of AMP(P<0.05), and crypt depth(CD) in the ileum and jejunum(P<0.01) of broilers. Additionally, diet supplemented with 0.1% NAC increased(P<0.05) the intestinal villus height(VH), VH/CD in the duodenum and jejunum, the levels of ATP and TAN in the jejunum, the levels of ATP, ADP, and AEC in the ileum, the activities of SOD and CAT in the duodenum, the GSH-Px activity and the HMOX m RNA level in the ileum of cold-stressed broilers. Taken together, diet supplemented with 0.1% NAC could improve the intestinal morphology and energy status and increase the intestinal antioxidant capacity of cold-stressed broilers.
引文
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[21]张伟,杨震国,侯永清,等.N-乙酰半胱氨酸对脂多糖刺激仔猪空肠黏膜抗氧化能力的影响[J].动物营养学报,2011,23(5):842-847.
[22]Gumuslu S,Sarikcioglu S B,Sahin E,et al.Influences of different stress models on the antiomdant status and lipid peroxidation in rat erythrocytes[J].Free Radical Res,2002,36(12):1277-1282.
[23]Stroka D M,Burkhardth T,Desbaillets I,et al.HIF-1 is expressed in normoxic tissue and displays an organ-specific regulationn under systemic hypoxia[J].FASEB J,2001,15(13):2445-2453.
[24]Zhu X,Fan W G,Li D P,et al.Heme oxygenase-1 system and gastrointestinal tumors[J].World J Gastroentero,2010,16(2):2633-2637.
[2]Chen Y X,Jiang R S,Li X D,et al.Effect of bamboo(Phyllostachys pubescens)extract on broiler chickens under cold stress[J].S Afr J Anim Sci,2011,41(1):57-62.
[3]Xu M,Yu X Y,Li J L,et al.Effects of acute and chronic cold stress on antioxidant function in intestinal tracts of chickens[J].东北农业大学学报:英文版,2012,19(2):54-61.
[4]侯永清,王蕾,易丹,等.N-乙酰半胱氨酸对猪肠道功能的保护作用[J].动物营养学报,2014,26(10):3064-3070.
[5]张再重,王瑜,王烈,等.N-乙酰半胱氨酸对肠屏障功能障碍防治作用的研究现状[J].临床军医杂志,2007,35(5):756-75.
[6]Kelly G S.Clinical applications of N-acetylcysteine[J].Altern Med Rev,1998,3(2):114-127.
[7]Hou Y Q,Wang L,Yi D,et al.N-acetylcysteine reduces inflammation in the small intestine by regulating redox,EGFand TLR4 signaling[J].Amino Acids,2013,45(3):513-522.
[8]Valdivia A G,Martinez A,Damian F J,et al.Efficacy of N-acetylcysteine to reduce the effects of aflatoxin B1intoxication in broiler chickens[J].Brit Poult Sci,2001,80(6):727-734.
[9]谭灵琳,侯永清,易丹,等.N-乙酰半胱氨酸对肉鸭肝脏能量代谢状况及组织抗氧化指标的影响[J].中国畜牧杂志,2015,51(17):53-58.
[10]Yi D,Hou Y,Tan L,et al.N-acetylcysteine improves the growth performance and intestinal function in the heat-stressed broilers[J].Anim Feed Sci Technol,2016,220:83-92.
[11]廖满,程强,李叶涵,等.三乳酸甘油酯对冷应激肉鸡生产性能、抗氧化能力和能量代谢状况的影响[J].中国家禽,2016,38(2):18-24.
[12]Yi D,Hou Y Q,Wang L,et al.Dietary N-acetylcysteine supplementation alleviates liver injury in lipopolysaccharidechallenged piglets[J].Brit J Nutr,2014,111(1):46-54.
[13]Fu W J,Stromberg A J,Viele K,et al.Statistics and bioinformatics in nutritional sciences:analysis of complex data in the era of systems biology[J].J Nutr Biochem,2010,21(7):561-572.
[14]廖满,段瑞,谢佳倩,等.三乳酸甘油酯和橄榄油对冷应激肉鸡生长性能、血液生化指标及抗氧化能力的影响[J].饲料工业,2016,37(10):13-17.
[15]Leme A S,Lichtenstein A,Arantes-Costa F M,et al.Acute lung injury in experimental pancreatitis in rats:pulmonary protective effects of crotapotin and N-acetylcysteine[J].Shock Vib,2002,18(5):428-433.
[16]高健,徐兆发,田智,等.N-乙酰半胱氨酸对汞致大鼠肾皮质线粒体能量代谢损伤的影响[J].环境与健康杂志,2010(1):85-88.
[17]袁平戈,张大志.还原型谷胱甘肽的作用机制及临床应用[J].药品评价,2006,3(5):385-389.
[18]胡小磊,石建华,项平.PGC-1α和能量代谢的关系[J].蚌埠医学院学报,2008,33(2):248-251.
[19]傅炜萍,赵芝焕,钟丽.线粒体细胞色素氧化酶3 mRNA表达与支气管哮喘母系遗传的关系[J].中华医学杂志,2013,93(28):2191-2194.
[20]Qin L,Liu Y,Hong J S,et al.NADPH oxidase and aging drive microglial activation,oxidative stress,and dopaminergie neurodegeneration following systemic LPS administration[J].Neuron Glia Biology,2013,61(6):855-868.
[21]张伟,杨震国,侯永清,等.N-乙酰半胱氨酸对脂多糖刺激仔猪空肠黏膜抗氧化能力的影响[J].动物营养学报,2011,23(5):842-847.
[22]Gumuslu S,Sarikcioglu S B,Sahin E,et al.Influences of different stress models on the antiomdant status and lipid peroxidation in rat erythrocytes[J].Free Radical Res,2002,36(12):1277-1282.
[23]Stroka D M,Burkhardth T,Desbaillets I,et al.HIF-1 is expressed in normoxic tissue and displays an organ-specific regulationn under systemic hypoxia[J].FASEB J,2001,15(13):2445-2453.
[24]Zhu X,Fan W G,Li D P,et al.Heme oxygenase-1 system and gastrointestinal tumors[J].World J Gastroentero,2010,16(2):2633-2637.