破片式战斗部空中爆炸下冲击波与破片先后作用的临界爆距研究
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摘要
为探讨破片式战斗部空中爆炸下冲击波与破片的先后作用机制,通过分析冲击波和破片在空气中的运动规律,在考虑壳体对冲击波强度的影响下,建立了冲击波与破片先后作用临界爆距的理论计算模型,并进行了实例分析。实例分析验证了理论模型的合理性和有效性。在此基础上,对临界爆距的影响因素进行了讨论,发现战斗部装填系数、装药类型以及壳体厚度对临界爆距的影响较大,而破片质量和形状对临界爆距的影响较小;随装填系数、装药爆热和爆速、破片质量的增大,临界爆距值均相应减小;随着壳体厚度和破片形状不规则度的提高,临界爆距值相应增大。
To explore the action-order mechanisms for blast waves and fragments by fragmentation warheads exploding in air,a theoretical model is developed on the basis of analyzing the motional rules of blast waves and fragments in air and considering the influence of shell on intensity of shock wave.Meanwhile,an instance analysis is carried out,and the influence factors of critical stand-off distances(CSDs)are discussed.The rationality and validity of the theoretical model are validated by the instance analysis.It is shown that warhead loading coefficients,types of explosives and shell thicknesses have great influence on CSDs,while masses and shapes of fragments have small influence.CSDs all decrease with the increases of loading coefficients,explosion heats and detonation velocities of explosives,and fragment masses.However,as shell thicknesses and abnormity degrees of fragment shapes increase,CSDs increase correspondingly.
To explore the action-order mechanisms for blast waves and fragments by fragmentation warheads exploding in air,a theoretical model is developed on the basis of analyzing the motional rules of blast waves and fragments in air and considering the influence of shell on intensity of shock wave.Meanwhile,an instance analysis is carried out,and the influence factors of critical stand-off distances(CSDs)are discussed.The rationality and validity of the theoretical model are validated by the instance analysis.It is shown that warhead loading coefficients,types of explosives and shell thicknesses have great influence on CSDs,while masses and shapes of fragments have small influence.CSDs all decrease with the increases of loading coefficients,explosion heats and detonation velocities of explosives,and fragment masses.However,as shell thicknesses and abnormity degrees of fragment shapes increase,CSDs increase correspondingly.
引文
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[2]王晓强,朱锡.舰船用钢的抗弹道冲击性能研究进展[J].中国造船,2010,51(1):227-236.WANG Xiao-qiang,ZHU Xi.Review on ballistic impact resistance of ship building steel[J].Shipbuilding of China,2010,51(1):227-236.(in Chinese)
[3]何翔,庞伟宾,曲建波,等.防护门在空气冲击波和破片作用下的破坏[J].爆炸与冲击,2004,24(5):475-479.HE Xiang,PANG Wei-bin,QU Jian-bo,et al.Protective door damaged by air shock wave and fragment arisen from explosion in prototype tunnel[J].Explosion and Shock Waves,2004,24(5):475-479.(in Chinese)
[4]李伟,朱锡,梅志远,等.战斗部舱内爆炸对舱室结构毁伤的实验研究[J].舰船科学技术,2009,31(3):34-37.LI Wei,ZHU Xi,MEI Zhi-yuan,et al.Experimental studies on damage effect of missile warhead on cabin′s structure under internal explosion[J].Ship Science and Technology,2009,31(3):34-37.(in Chinese)
[5]NYSTRM U,GYLLTOFT K.Numerical studies of the combined effects of blast and fragment loading[J].Int.J.Impact.Eng.,2009,36(8):995-1005.
[6]张成亮,朱锡,侯海量,等.爆炸冲击波与高速破片对夹层结构的联合毁伤效应试验研究[J].振动与冲击,2014,33(15):184-188.ZHANG Cheng-liang,ZHU Xi,HOU Hai-liang,et al.Tests for combined damage effect of blast waves and high-velocity fragments on composite sandwich plates[J].Journal fo Vibration and Shock,2014,33(15):184-188.(in Chinese)
[7]梁为民,张晓忠,梁仕发,等.结构内爆炸破片与冲击波运动规律试验研究[J].兵工学报,2009,30(S2):223-227.LIANG Wei-min,ZHANG Xiao-zhong,LIANG Shi-fa,et al.Experimental research on motion law of fragment and shock wave under the condition of internal explosion[J].Acta Armamentarii,2009,30(S2):223-227.(in Chinese)
[8]刘刚.破片和冲击波对直升机结构联合作用的数值模拟研究[D].南京:南京理工大学,2013.
[9]张媛.杀爆战斗部对武装直升机的毁伤研究[D].南京:南京理工大学,2013.
[10]赵德辉,许金余,张燕.武器爆炸条件下冲击波与弹片共同作用数值模拟分析[J].西北工业大学学报,2006,24(3):334-337.ZHAO De-hui,XU Jin-yu,ZHANG Yan.Velocities and displacements of shrapnel and shock wave during blast[J].Journal of Northwestern Polytechnical University,2006,24(3):334-337.(in Chinese)
[11]吕晓聪,许金余,白二雷,等.弹片与爆炸冲击波耦合作用分析[J].解放军理工大学学报:自然科学版,2007,8(6):640-644.LXiao-cong,XU Jin-yu,BAI Er-lei,et al.Analysis of coupling between shrapnel and blast shock wave[J].Journal of PLA University of Science and Technology:Sci.Ed.,2007,8(6):640-644.(in Chinese)
[12]孙业斌.爆炸作用与装药设计[M].北京:国防工业出版社,1987.
[13]张国伟.终点效应及其应用技术[M].北京:国防工业出版社,2006.
[14]张奇,苗常青,白春华,等.壳体对爆炸空气冲击波强度的影响[J].应用力学学报,2003,20(3):145-147.ZHANG Qi,MIAO Chang-qing,BAI Chun-hua,et al.The influence of shell on blast shock wave intensity[J].Chinese Journal of Applied Mechanics,2003,20(3):145-147.(in Chinese)
[15]ZHANG Q,MIAO C Q,LIN D C,et al.Relation of fragment with air shock wave intensity for explosion in a shell[J].Int.J.Impact.Eng.,2003,28(1):1129-1141.