2种原生蝴蝶兰的核型分析
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摘要
本研究采用常规染色体压片法,分析了大尖囊蝴蝶兰(Phalaenopsis deliciosa)和海南蝴蝶兰(Phalaenopsis hainanensis)的核型特征。结果表明,大尖囊蝴蝶兰染色体数目为2n=2x=38,染色体长度公式为8S+10M1+10M2+10L,核型公式为28m+10sm,核型不对称系数为59.12%,核型类型为2B型。海南蝴蝶兰染色体数目为2n=2x=38,染色体长度公式为8S+8M1+14M2+8L,核型公式为28m+10sm,核型不对称系数为58.74%,核型类型为2B型。与其他已发表的原生蝴蝶兰的核型比较分析发现,大尖囊蝴蝶兰和海南蝴蝶兰的染色体总长相较于其他蝴蝶兰短,染色体着丝粒类型组成与大部分蝴蝶兰一致,核型较为对称,属于比较原始的类群。本研究结果为蝴蝶兰属植物种质资源的开发和新品种选育提供了细胞学基础。
In this study, the karyotype characteristics of Phalaenopsis deliciosa and Phalaenopsis hainanensis were analyzed by conventional chromosome compression method. The results showed that the chromosome number of P. deliciosa was 2 n=2 x=38, the chromosome length formula was 8 S+10 M1+10 M2+10 L, the karyotype formula was 28 m +10 sm, the karyotype asymmetry coefficient was 59.12%, and the karyotype belonged to 2 B type. The chromosome number of P. hainanensis was 2 n=2 x=38, the chromosome length formula was 8 S+8 M1+14 M2+8 L, the karyotype formula was 28 m+10 sm, the karyotype asymmetry coefficient was 58.74%, and the karyotype belonged to 2 B type. Compared with the published karyotypes of other Phalaenopsis species, the total chromosome length of P. deliciosa and P. hainanensis was shorter than that of other Phalaenopsis species, but the centromere classification was consistent with most Phalaenopsis species. P. deliciosa and P. hainanensis both had symmetrical karyotypes, which belongs to the primitive group. The results of this study provide a cytological basis for the development of germplasm resources and breeding of new varieties in Phalaenopsis.
In this study, the karyotype characteristics of Phalaenopsis deliciosa and Phalaenopsis hainanensis were analyzed by conventional chromosome compression method. The results showed that the chromosome number of P. deliciosa was 2 n=2 x=38, the chromosome length formula was 8 S+10 M1+10 M2+10 L, the karyotype formula was 28 m +10 sm, the karyotype asymmetry coefficient was 59.12%, and the karyotype belonged to 2 B type. The chromosome number of P. hainanensis was 2 n=2 x=38, the chromosome length formula was 8 S+8 M1+14 M2+8 L, the karyotype formula was 28 m+10 sm, the karyotype asymmetry coefficient was 58.74%, and the karyotype belonged to 2 B type. Compared with the published karyotypes of other Phalaenopsis species, the total chromosome length of P. deliciosa and P. hainanensis was shorter than that of other Phalaenopsis species, but the centromere classification was consistent with most Phalaenopsis species. P. deliciosa and P. hainanensis both had symmetrical karyotypes, which belongs to the primitive group. The results of this study provide a cytological basis for the development of germplasm resources and breeding of new varieties in Phalaenopsis.
引文
Aoyama M.,2010,Chromosome research for orchid breeding,In:Aoyama M.,Blanchard M.G.,Runkle E.S.,and Lee Y.I.(eds.),ISHS Acta Horticulturae:ⅠInternational Orchid Symposium,Taiwan,China,pp.125-132
Arano H.,1963,Cytological studies in subfamily Carduoideae(Compositae)of Japan IX:The karyotype analysis and phylogenic considerations on Pertya and Ainsliaea(2),Shokubutsugaku Zasshi,76(895):32-39
Chen S.C.,and Wood J.J.,2009,Phalaenopsis,In:Wu Z.,Raven P.,and Hong D.(eds.),Flora of China(Vol.25),Science P-ress,Beijing,China,pp.478-483
Christenson E.A.,ed.,2001,Phalaenopsis,a monograph,Timber Press,Oregon,US,pp.19-38
Kao Y.Y.,Chang S.B.,Lin T.Y.,Hsieh C.H.,Chen Y.H.,Chen W.H.,and Chen C.C.,2001,Differential accumulation of heterochromatin as a cause for karyotype variation in Phalaenopsis orchids,Annals of Botany,87(3):387-395
Li M.X.,and Chen R.Y.,1985,A suggestion on the standardization of karyotype analysis in plants,Wuhan Zhiwuxue Yanjiu(Journal of Wuhan Botanical Research),3(4):297-302(李懋学,陈瑞阳,1985,关于植物核型分析的标准化问题,武汉植物学研究,3(4):297-302)
Ma M.R.,Wang Y.,Zhuang N.S.,and Gao H.Q.,2017,Karyotype analysis of four main rubber tree(Hevea brasiliensis)cultivars,Jiyinzuxue Yu Yingyong Shengwuxue(Genomics and Applied Biology),36(1):311-317(马梦茹,王英,庄南生,高和琼,2017,四个橡胶树主要栽培品种的核型分析,基因组学与应用生物学,36(1):311-317)
Pridgeon A.M.,Cribb P.J.,Chase M.W.,and Rasmussen F.N.,eds.,2014,Genera Orchidacearum Volume 6:Epidendroideae(Part Three),Oxford University Press,Oxford,England,pp.233-240
Shindo K.,and Kamemoto H.,1963,Karyotype analysis of some species of Phalaenopsis,Cytologia,28:390-398
Stebbins G.L.,ed.,1971,Chromosomal evolution in higher plants,Addison-Wesley,London,England,pp.1-21
Tsai C.C.,ed.,2011,Molecular Phylogeny and Biogeography of Phalaenopsis species,In:Chen W.H.,and Chen H.H.(eds),Orchid BiotechnologyⅡ,World Scientific,Taiwan,China,pp.1-24
Tsai C.C.,Huang S.C.,and Chou C.H.,2006,Molecular phylogeny of Phalaenopsis Blume(Orchidaceae)based on the in ternal transcribed spacer of the nuclear ribosomal DNA,Plant Systematics and Evolution,256(1-4):1-16
Wang S.,Zhang C.F.,Deng L.H.,Yi X.P.,Xiao S.S.,Hu B.,Huang C.,and Zhuang N.S.,2010,Karyotype analysis of Rhoeo discolor,Jiyinzuxue Yu Yingyong Shengwuxue(Genomics and Applied Biology),29(2):327-331(王胜,张春发,邓柳红,易小平,肖苏生,胡兵,黄超,庄南生,2010,紫万年青的核型分析,基因组学与应用生物学,29(2):327-331)
Zeng B.Y.,Zhu G.F.,and Liu H.T.,2005,Progress on selecting and breeding of orchid,Zhongguo Nongxue Tongbao(Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin),21(12):272-276(曾碧玉,朱根发,刘海涛,2005,兰花选育种研究进展,中国农学通报,21(12):272-276)
Zhuang D.H.,Qu Y.,Xu D.X.,Li J.,and Chen Z.L.,2007,Analysis on chromosome number and morphology of varieties in Phalaenopsis,Yuanyi Xuebao(Acta Horticulturae Sinica),34(5):1257-1262(庄东红,曲莹,许大熊,李军,陈志玲,2007,蝴蝶兰若干品种(系)的染色体数和形态分析,园艺学报,34(5):1257-1262)
Arano H.,1963,Cytological studies in subfamily Carduoideae(Compositae)of Japan IX:The karyotype analysis and phylogenic considerations on Pertya and Ainsliaea(2),Shokubutsugaku Zasshi,76(895):32-39
Chen S.C.,and Wood J.J.,2009,Phalaenopsis,In:Wu Z.,Raven P.,and Hong D.(eds.),Flora of China(Vol.25),Science P-ress,Beijing,China,pp.478-483
Christenson E.A.,ed.,2001,Phalaenopsis,a monograph,Timber Press,Oregon,US,pp.19-38
Kao Y.Y.,Chang S.B.,Lin T.Y.,Hsieh C.H.,Chen Y.H.,Chen W.H.,and Chen C.C.,2001,Differential accumulation of heterochromatin as a cause for karyotype variation in Phalaenopsis orchids,Annals of Botany,87(3):387-395
Li M.X.,and Chen R.Y.,1985,A suggestion on the standardization of karyotype analysis in plants,Wuhan Zhiwuxue Yanjiu(Journal of Wuhan Botanical Research),3(4):297-302(李懋学,陈瑞阳,1985,关于植物核型分析的标准化问题,武汉植物学研究,3(4):297-302)
Ma M.R.,Wang Y.,Zhuang N.S.,and Gao H.Q.,2017,Karyotype analysis of four main rubber tree(Hevea brasiliensis)cultivars,Jiyinzuxue Yu Yingyong Shengwuxue(Genomics and Applied Biology),36(1):311-317(马梦茹,王英,庄南生,高和琼,2017,四个橡胶树主要栽培品种的核型分析,基因组学与应用生物学,36(1):311-317)
Pridgeon A.M.,Cribb P.J.,Chase M.W.,and Rasmussen F.N.,eds.,2014,Genera Orchidacearum Volume 6:Epidendroideae(Part Three),Oxford University Press,Oxford,England,pp.233-240
Shindo K.,and Kamemoto H.,1963,Karyotype analysis of some species of Phalaenopsis,Cytologia,28:390-398
Stebbins G.L.,ed.,1971,Chromosomal evolution in higher plants,Addison-Wesley,London,England,pp.1-21
Tsai C.C.,ed.,2011,Molecular Phylogeny and Biogeography of Phalaenopsis species,In:Chen W.H.,and Chen H.H.(eds),Orchid BiotechnologyⅡ,World Scientific,Taiwan,China,pp.1-24
Tsai C.C.,Huang S.C.,and Chou C.H.,2006,Molecular phylogeny of Phalaenopsis Blume(Orchidaceae)based on the in ternal transcribed spacer of the nuclear ribosomal DNA,Plant Systematics and Evolution,256(1-4):1-16
Wang S.,Zhang C.F.,Deng L.H.,Yi X.P.,Xiao S.S.,Hu B.,Huang C.,and Zhuang N.S.,2010,Karyotype analysis of Rhoeo discolor,Jiyinzuxue Yu Yingyong Shengwuxue(Genomics and Applied Biology),29(2):327-331(王胜,张春发,邓柳红,易小平,肖苏生,胡兵,黄超,庄南生,2010,紫万年青的核型分析,基因组学与应用生物学,29(2):327-331)
Zeng B.Y.,Zhu G.F.,and Liu H.T.,2005,Progress on selecting and breeding of orchid,Zhongguo Nongxue Tongbao(Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin),21(12):272-276(曾碧玉,朱根发,刘海涛,2005,兰花选育种研究进展,中国农学通报,21(12):272-276)
Zhuang D.H.,Qu Y.,Xu D.X.,Li J.,and Chen Z.L.,2007,Analysis on chromosome number and morphology of varieties in Phalaenopsis,Yuanyi Xuebao(Acta Horticulturae Sinica),34(5):1257-1262(庄东红,曲莹,许大熊,李军,陈志玲,2007,蝴蝶兰若干品种(系)的染色体数和形态分析,园艺学报,34(5):1257-1262)