自然资源管理改革基本逻辑下海洋自然资源年度利用计划的思考
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摘要
重构自然资源管理体系的重点并不在于直接干预和调整资源配置的结果,而在于优化重塑自然资源配置制度和手段。自然资源管理改革在机构方面基本实现了"两统一",并在海域管理方面取消了过去的围填海年度计划。文章以此为背景,梳理了自然资源管理制度重构的基本逻辑,以围填海为例解析了自然资源管理模式调整思路。基于以上提出海洋自然资源利用年度计划的初步构想,包括将海洋自然资源年度利用计划作为国土空间用途管制中的基础性制度。并提出政策建议:坚持陆海统筹,加强计划管理对海洋资源开发、保护和修复的约束与引导;探索"总量不变、盘活存量"的海洋空间资源供给思路;完善围填海"总量控制、中央统筹"的管理流程;聚焦解决围填海历史遗留问题;加强自然资源法治建设。
The focus of refactoring the natural resource management system is not on directly intervening the results of resource allocation,but on optimizing and reshaping the means of the natural resource allocation system. Natural resource management reform has largely achieved "two unification"in terms of institutions,and the past annual reclamation plan has been abolished in the area of maritime area management. This paper combed the basic logic of the reconstruction of natural resource management system,and analyzed the idea of adjusting natural resource management mode with the example of surrounding reclamation. Based on the above preliminary conception of the annual utilization plan for marine natural resources,including using the annual utilization plan for marine natural resources as the basic system in thecontrol of land space use. Policy suggestions were proposed from the aspects: strengthening plan management to restrain and guide the development,protection and restoration of marine resources,exploring the idea of supply of marine space resources with "total amount unchanged and invigorate stock",improving the management process of "total quantity control and central co-ordination"of reclamation,focusing on solving the historical legacy of reclamation,and strengthening the rule of law construction of natural resources.
The focus of refactoring the natural resource management system is not on directly intervening the results of resource allocation,but on optimizing and reshaping the means of the natural resource allocation system. Natural resource management reform has largely achieved "two unification"in terms of institutions,and the past annual reclamation plan has been abolished in the area of maritime area management. This paper combed the basic logic of the reconstruction of natural resource management system,and analyzed the idea of adjusting natural resource management mode with the example of surrounding reclamation. Based on the above preliminary conception of the annual utilization plan for marine natural resources,including using the annual utilization plan for marine natural resources as the basic system in thecontrol of land space use. Policy suggestions were proposed from the aspects: strengthening plan management to restrain and guide the development,protection and restoration of marine resources,exploring the idea of supply of marine space resources with "total amount unchanged and invigorate stock",improving the management process of "total quantity control and central co-ordination"of reclamation,focusing on solving the historical legacy of reclamation,and strengthening the rule of law construction of natural resources.
引文
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[2]刘晓星.海洋产业开发何其粗放?[J].环境经济,2015(22):49.
[3]黄杰,梁雅惠,王玉.我国区域围填海问题的经济学分析[J].经济师,2016(2):166-167.
[4]刘百桥,孟伟庆,赵建华,等.中国大陆1990-2013年海岸线资源开发利用特征变化[J].自然资源学报,2015(12):2033-2044.
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[6]陈春庆.实现“多规融合”重要性的思考[J].消费导刊,2015(6):125.
[7]刘加飞.东海岛潮间带表层沉积物重金属含量、形态分布及其潜在生态风险评价[D].湛江:广东海洋大学,2013.
[8]李晋.围填海计划管理研究[M].北京:海洋出版社,2017:1-3.
[9]李志青.“史上最严”围填海管控意味着什么[EB/OL].(2018-01-19)[2018-12-01]. http://opinion. haiwa inet. cn/n/2018/0119/c353596-31239812. html.