南方冬季钟楼式肉牛舍通风系统应用效果研究
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摘要
为了评价钟楼式通风系统在冬季南方肉牛舍的应用效果,试验选择江西省高安市肉牛试验站建筑尺寸相近的钟楼式彩钢舍(A舍)以及双坡式卷帘舍(B舍)作为试验牛舍,选取肉牛舍的三个剖面,对温度、相对湿度、风速、二氧化碳浓度、氨气浓度等环境指标进行测定。结果表明:测定期间A舍日平均温度为(10.2±2.3)℃,显著低于B舍[(10.5±2.3)℃,P<0.05];A、B舍日平均相对湿度分别为(90.2±14.2)%、(91.5±13.3)%,差异不显著(P>0.05);A舍平均风速为(0.18±0.64)m/s,显著高于B舍[(0.14±0.52)m/s,P<0.05];A舍内二氧化碳、氨气浓度均显著低于B舍(P<0.05),日均二氧化碳浓度值分别为(1 185.50±76.82)、(1 260.41±64.58)mg/m~3,日均氨气浓度分别为(1.37±1.34)、(2.12±1.48)mg/m~3。说明钟楼式彩钢舍较双坡式卷帘舍通风状况好,空气质量优,温度适宜,有利于肉牛生长。
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of the campanile beef barn ventilation system in the southern of China during winter. In this study,the campanile beef barn( A) and the double-slope curtain house( B),which were similar to the construction size of Gao'an beef cattle experimental station in Jiangxi province,were selected as the experimental beef barn. The three sections of beef barn were selected to detect the environmental parameters such as temperature,relative humidity,wind speed,carbon dioxide concentration,ammonia concentration and so on. The results showed that the average daily temperature of A was( 10. 2±2. 3) ℃,which was significantly lower than that of B( [10. 5±2. 3]℃,P<0. 05). The average daily relative humidity of A and B were( 90. 2±14. 2) % and( 91. 5±13. 3) %,respectively. There was no significant difference between A and B( P>0. 05). The average wind speed of A was( 0. 18±0. 64) m/s,which was significantly higher than that of B( [0. 14±0. 52]m/s,P<0. 05). The contents of carbon dioxide and ammonia in A were significantly lower than those in B( P<0. 05),and the daily carbon dioxide concentration values were( 1 185. 50±76. 82),( 1 260. 41±64. 58) mg/m~3,respectively. The average daily ammonia concentration was( 1. 37±1. 34),( 2. 12±1. 48) mg/m~3. The results indicated that the campanile beef barn had better ventilation,better air quality and more suitable temperature compared with the double-slope curtain house.
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of the campanile beef barn ventilation system in the southern of China during winter. In this study,the campanile beef barn( A) and the double-slope curtain house( B),which were similar to the construction size of Gao'an beef cattle experimental station in Jiangxi province,were selected as the experimental beef barn. The three sections of beef barn were selected to detect the environmental parameters such as temperature,relative humidity,wind speed,carbon dioxide concentration,ammonia concentration and so on. The results showed that the average daily temperature of A was( 10. 2±2. 3) ℃,which was significantly lower than that of B( [10. 5±2. 3]℃,P<0. 05). The average daily relative humidity of A and B were( 90. 2±14. 2) % and( 91. 5±13. 3) %,respectively. There was no significant difference between A and B( P>0. 05). The average wind speed of A was( 0. 18±0. 64) m/s,which was significantly higher than that of B( [0. 14±0. 52]m/s,P<0. 05). The contents of carbon dioxide and ammonia in A were significantly lower than those in B( P<0. 05),and the daily carbon dioxide concentration values were( 1 185. 50±76. 82),( 1 260. 41±64. 58) mg/m~3,respectively. The average daily ammonia concentration was( 1. 37±1. 34),( 2. 12±1. 48) mg/m~3. The results indicated that the campanile beef barn had better ventilation,better air quality and more suitable temperature compared with the double-slope curtain house.
引文
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[3]秦仕达,刘金琪,孟祥雪,等.黑龙江省散栏式泌乳牛舍冬季环境的研究[J].黑龙江畜牧兽医,2016(01上):94-96,100.
[4]栾冬梅,赵靖,冯春燕,等.黑龙江省不同类型肉牛舍冬季环境的研究[J].东北农业大学学报,2011,42(6):66-70.
[5]高玉红,赵伍祥,赵凤存,等.河北省不同地区冬季肉牛舍内外温湿环境研究[J].家畜生态学报,2013,34(12):68-72.
[6]魏天盛,贾斌,洪小华,等.钟楼式单层彩钢瓦屋面肉牛棚舍的环境评价[J].畜牧与兽医,2012,44(6):26-31.
[7]高玉红,李宏双,郭建军,等.坝上寒区不同建筑类型奶牛舍冬季温热环境评价[J].东北农业大学学报,2015,46(12):52-57,93.
[8]张言,程琼仪,陈昭辉,等.环境自动控制系统在冬季南方肉牛舍上的研究与应用[J].黑龙江畜牧兽医,2015(07上):6-10.
[9]蔡景义,冯堂超,师筑俊,等.敞篷牛舍接力送风及饲粮添加铬改善肉牛生产性能[J].农业工程学报,2015,31(15):191-195.
[10]汪银锋,李素平,高腾云,等.肉牛舍温热环境对肉牛生理指标的影响[J].家畜生态学报,2009,30(3):56-59.
[11]仲庆振,周海柱,纪术远,等.夏季不同类型牛舍内环境的比较研究[J].黑龙江畜牧兽医,2010(11上):73-74.
[12]娄玉杰,纪术远,周海柱.不同类型肉牛舍冬季环境质量测定与分析[A]//2010年全国家畜环境与生态学术研讨会.论文集[C].通辽:出版社不祥,2010.