一种基于交流侧功率解耦的无电解电容光伏逆变器研究
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摘要
提出一种交流侧并联功率解耦电路的无电解电容光伏逆变器。该光伏逆变器主电路采用电压型H桥,功率解耦电路采用一种七开关双向变换器结构,并联在逆变器交流输出侧。H桥变换器采用电流滞环控制以实现交流并网,功率解耦电路采用基于脉冲能量的控制方式,即根据每个开关周期需要解耦的能量大小计算功率开关的占空比。功率解耦电路采用峰值电流控制,从而加大解耦电容上电压纹波,降低解耦电容器容值,以实现无电解电容的目的。分析了并联功率解耦电路的四个工作模式,讨论了解耦电感和电容的参数设计。建立了提出的无电解电容光伏逆变器的Matlab仿真模型以验证其有效性。仿真结果表明,提出的功率解耦电路解耦电容的容值降低到几十μF,可实现无电解电容器的光伏逆变器,从而延长光伏逆变器的使用寿命。
A non-electrolytic capacitor PV inverter based on power decoupling circuit in parallel with AC side is presented. The main circuit of proposed inverter adopts the traditional voltage source H-bridge circuit and power decoupling circuit uses a novel double-direction converter with seven switchers, it is connected with AC side of PV inverter. The current hysteresis controller is used in H-bridge converter to realize grid integration and a new control strategy named as pulse energy modulation is adopted in power decoupling circuit. According to the decoupling energy needed by power decoupling circuit, the duty of power device is calculated. Power decoupling circuit adopts the control strategy named peak current controller, which can decrease the capacitance values of decoupling capacitor and make the non-electrolytic capacitor PV inverter come true by increasing the voltage ripple on the decoupling capacitor. The four different operating models of power decoupling circuit are analyzed and the parameters of decoupling inductor and decoupling capacitor are designed. The proposed non-electrolytic capacitor PV inverter and its control strategy are simulated by Matlab/Simulink. The experimental results show that the power decoupling circuit of proposed micro-inverter is effective and can reduce the value of the decoupling capacitor to several tens μF. In this way, it can realize the non-electrolytic capacitor PV inverter, thereby increasing its lifetime.
A non-electrolytic capacitor PV inverter based on power decoupling circuit in parallel with AC side is presented. The main circuit of proposed inverter adopts the traditional voltage source H-bridge circuit and power decoupling circuit uses a novel double-direction converter with seven switchers, it is connected with AC side of PV inverter. The current hysteresis controller is used in H-bridge converter to realize grid integration and a new control strategy named as pulse energy modulation is adopted in power decoupling circuit. According to the decoupling energy needed by power decoupling circuit, the duty of power device is calculated. Power decoupling circuit adopts the control strategy named peak current controller, which can decrease the capacitance values of decoupling capacitor and make the non-electrolytic capacitor PV inverter come true by increasing the voltage ripple on the decoupling capacitor. The four different operating models of power decoupling circuit are analyzed and the parameters of decoupling inductor and decoupling capacitor are designed. The proposed non-electrolytic capacitor PV inverter and its control strategy are simulated by Matlab/Simulink. The experimental results show that the power decoupling circuit of proposed micro-inverter is effective and can reduce the value of the decoupling capacitor to several tens μF. In this way, it can realize the non-electrolytic capacitor PV inverter, thereby increasing its lifetime.
引文
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[23]杨苹,石安辉,胡郴龙.控制关断时间的峰值电流模式准PWM控制方法[J].电力系统及其自动化学报,2010,22(3):73-77.YANG Ping,SHI Anhui,HU Chenlong.Off-time modulated peak current mode quasi-PWM control[J].Proceedings of the CSU-EPSA,2010,22(3):73-77.
[2]章勇高,纵楠.一种基于直流输出侧并联解耦的光伏微逆变器优化设计研究[J].电力系统保护与控制,2017,45(5):26-31.ZHANG Yonggao,ZONG Nan.Research on the optimal design of a PV micro-inverter with parallel decoupling circuit on DC side[J].Power System Protection and Control,2017,45(5):26-31.
[3]HU H,HARB S,KUTKUT N,et al.A review of power decoupling techniques for micro-inverters with three different decoupling capacitor locations in PV systems[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics,2013,28(6):2711-2726.
[4]阚加荣,吴云亚,谢少军,等.电流型降压桥式伪直流环节微逆变器[J].电网技术,2017,41(1):99-105.KAN Jiarong,WU Yunya,XIE Shaojun,et al.Pseudo DC link micro-inverter based on current-fed buck-type full-bridge topology[J].Power System Technology,2017,41(1):99-105.
[5]ZHANG Yonggao,XIONG Jian,WANG Zengqiang,et al.Review of power decoupling methods for microinverters without using electrolytic capacitors[C]//IECON2017,October 31-November 2,2017,Beijing,China:1493-1498.
[6]田鹏,宣文华,牛益国.基于陷波控制的LCL型光伏并网逆变器谐波谐振抑制研究[J].电力系统保护与控制,2016,44(14):82-88.TIAN Peng,XUAN Wenhua,NIU Yiguo.Suppression of harmonic resonance for photovoltaic grid-connected inverter with LCL filter based on notch filter control[J].Power System Protection and Control,2016,44(14):82-88.
[7]朱晓荣,刘世鹏,张海宁,等.不平衡电网电压下光伏并网逆变器滑模直接电压/功率控制策略[J].电力系统保护与控制,2016,44(23):133-140.ZHU Xiaorong,LIU Shipeng,ZHANG Haining,et al.Sliding mode control based direct voltage/power control strategy for PV grid connected inverter under unbalanced grid voltage[J].Power System Protection and Control,2016,44(23):133-140.
[8]HU H,HARB S,FANG X,et al.A three-port flyback for PV microinverter applications with power pulsation decoupling capability[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics,2012,27(9):3953-3964.
[9]沈阳武,葛云霞,崔挺,等.基于阻抗比判据的永磁直驱风力发电系统并网稳定分析方法[J].电力系统保护与控制,2017,45(18):45-53.SHEN Yangwu,GE Yunxia,CUI Ting,et al.A stability analysis method for the gird-connected permanent magnet synchronous generator based on impedance ratio criterions[J].Power System Protection and Control,2017,45(18):45-53.
[10]CHEN Z,LING C,YE F,et al.A single-phase grid connected inverter with a power pulsation decoupling circuit on the AC output[C]//IEEE Industrial Electronics and Applications,July 18-20,2012,Singapore:1141-1145.
[11]胡林静,于士航.反激式微型逆变器新型功率解耦电路控制策略的研究[J].电子技术应用,2017,43(4):161-164.HU Linjing,YU Shihang.Research on the control strategy of a new power decoupling circuit for the flyback micro inverter[J].Application of Electronic Technique,2017,43(4):161-164.
[12]杨晓光,姜龙斌,冯俊博,等.一种用于光伏逆变器的新型功率解耦电路[J].电工技术学报,2015,30(16):42-48.YANG Xiaoguang,JIANG Longbin,FENG Junbo,et al.A new power decoupling circuit for photovoltaic inverter[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2015,30(16):42-48.
[13]孔祥平,袁宇波,阮思烨,等.面向故障暂态建模的光伏并网逆变器控制器参数辨识[J].电力系统保护与控制,2017,45(11):65-72.KONG Xiangping,YUAN Yubo,RUAN Siye,et al.Controller parameter identification of the grid connected PV inverter for fault transient modeling[J].Power System Protection and Control,2017,45(11):65-72.
[14]陈军,王玲珍,李德奎,等.RLC串联二阶电路的数学模型分析与电路设计研究[J].自动化与仪器仪表,2013(3):12-13.CHEN Jun,WANG Lingzhen,LI Dekui,et al.Mathematical model analysis and circuit design research of RLC series second order circuit[J].Automation and Instrumentation,2013(3):12-13.
[15]ZHANG Yonggao,GAO Yanli,QU Yi,et al.Pulse energy modulation in a three-switch buck-boost inverter for distributed generation systems[J].International Journal of Grid and Distributed Computing,2016,9(10):1-16.
[16]王晓,张立伟,李艳,等.一种带功率解耦的Flyback微型逆变器研究[J].电工电能新技术,2015(2):44-49.WANG Xiao,ZHANG Liwei,LI Yan,et al.Flyback-type inverter with power decoupling[J].Advanced Technology of Electrical Engineering and Energy,2015(2):44-49.
[17]VITORINO M A,ALVES L F S,DA SILVAíR F M P,et al.High-frequency pulsating DC-link three-phase inverter without electrolytic capacitor[C]//IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition,March 26-30,2017,Tampa,FL,USA:3456-3461.
[18]ABE K,HAGA H,OHISHI K,et al.Current ripple suppression control based on prediction of resonance cancellation voltage for electrolytic-capacitor-less inverter[J].IEEJ Journal of Industry Applications,2017,6(1):1-11.
[19]阚加荣,吴云亚,谢少军,等.宽功率范围内采用电流临界连续状态+恒频控制的光伏微逆变器[J].电网技术,2017,41(12):3926-3933.KAN Jiarong,WU Yunya,XIE Shaojun,et al.PVmicro-inverter with constant frequency and current BCMcontrol strategy within wide power range[J].Power System Technology,2017,41(12):3926-3933.
[20]IRFAN M,AHMED A,PARK J H,et al.Currentsensorless power-decoupling phase-shift dual-half-bridge converter for DC-AC power conversion systems without electrolytic capacitor[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics,2017,32(5):3610-3622.
[21]LI D,ZHANG Z,XU B,et al.A method of power decoupling for long life micro-inverter[C]//IEEEConference on IEEE Industrial Electronics Society,November 7-10,2011,Melbourne,VIC,Australia:802-807.
[22]解光军,徐慧芳.峰值电流模式控制非理想Buck变换器系统建模[J].中国电机工程报,2012,32(24):52-58,10.JIE Guangjun,XU Huifang.Modeling of current programmed mode non-ideal buck converter systems[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2012,32(24):52-58,10.
[23]杨苹,石安辉,胡郴龙.控制关断时间的峰值电流模式准PWM控制方法[J].电力系统及其自动化学报,2010,22(3):73-77.YANG Ping,SHI Anhui,HU Chenlong.Off-time modulated peak current mode quasi-PWM control[J].Proceedings of the CSU-EPSA,2010,22(3):73-77.