冲击振动钻井工具流固耦合模拟试验
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摘要
深井超深井钻井过程中,旋转冲击钻井技术是解决硬岩钻速慢的有效方法之一。目前液动冲击器多采用水力能量驱动,随着井深的增加,管路水力能量损耗增大,依靠钻井液驱动的液力冲击装置同样需要消耗水力能量,使得钻头有效压降进一步降低。因此,液力驱动冲击钻井技术在深井超深井中的应用受到局限。基于钻柱振动原理,提出一种利用水力能量和钻柱振动耦合作用的新型冲击旋转钻井装置,通过建立流固耦合物理模型,运用流固耦合方法,获得入口流量、运动位移、振动频率以及入口和出口直径等对装置所产生的载荷特征影响规律。结果表明,装置所产生动载荷幅值随流量、振动位移以及振动频率的增加而增加,而静载荷仅与流量变化有关。
Rotary percussion drilling is believed to be an efficient way in deep and ultra-deep well drilling.Currently,the rotary percussion drilling tools are mostly driven by hydraulic energy.However,with the increasing of well depth,the hydraulic energy of drilling fluid loss increases dramatically,and the hydraulic impact device driven by drilling fluid also consumes hydraulic energy to further reduce the effective pressure drop of drilling bit.Therefore,the percussion drilling technology driven by hydraulic energy is restricted for deep and ultra-deep well drilling.Based on the string vibration theory,this paper proposes a new rotary percussion drilling tool driven by the coupling of hydraulic energy and drill string vibration.Through establishing a three dimensional physical model,the fluid-structure interaction method is adopted to obtain the influence laws of device load characteristics from inlet flow,vibration displacement,vibration frequency and inlet &outlet diameter.The results indicate that the dynamic load amplitude of the device is increased with the increasing of flow rate,vibration displacement and frequency,while static load only has relation to flow rate variation.
Rotary percussion drilling is believed to be an efficient way in deep and ultra-deep well drilling.Currently,the rotary percussion drilling tools are mostly driven by hydraulic energy.However,with the increasing of well depth,the hydraulic energy of drilling fluid loss increases dramatically,and the hydraulic impact device driven by drilling fluid also consumes hydraulic energy to further reduce the effective pressure drop of drilling bit.Therefore,the percussion drilling technology driven by hydraulic energy is restricted for deep and ultra-deep well drilling.Based on the string vibration theory,this paper proposes a new rotary percussion drilling tool driven by the coupling of hydraulic energy and drill string vibration.Through establishing a three dimensional physical model,the fluid-structure interaction method is adopted to obtain the influence laws of device load characteristics from inlet flow,vibration displacement,vibration frequency and inlet &outlet diameter.The results indicate that the dynamic load amplitude of the device is increased with the increasing of flow rate,vibration displacement and frequency,while static load only has relation to flow rate variation.
引文
[1]祝效华,刘伟吉.单齿高频扭转冲击切削的破岩及提速机理[J].石油学报,2017,38(5):578-586.ZHU Xiaohua,LIU Weiji.The rock breaking and ROP rising mechanism for single-tooth high-frequency torsional impact cutting[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2017,38(5):578-586.
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[7]林元华,施太和,梁政,等.冲旋钻井机械钻速仿真研究[J].石油学报,2004,25(5):88-92.LIN Yuanhua,SHI Taihe,LIANG Zheng,et al.Simulation of penetration rate of air percussion drilling bit[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2004,25(5):88-92.
[8]田家林,杨应林,朱志,等.基于旋冲螺杆提速器的井下动力特性[J].石油学报,2019,40(2):224-231.TIAN Jialin,YANG Yinglin,ZHU Zhi,et al.Downhole dynamic characteristics of an actuator based on rotary screw[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2019,40(2):224-231.
[9]付加胜,李根生,田守嶒,等.液动冲击钻井技术发展与应用现状[J].石油机械,2014,42(6):1-6.FU Jiasheng,LI Gensheng,TIAN Shouceng,et al.The current development and application of hydraulic percussion drilling technology[J].China Petroleum Machinery,2014,42(6):1-6.
[10]穆总结,李根生,黄中伟,等.轴扭耦合冲击钻井技术研究[J].石油机械,2018,46(10):12-17.MU Zongjie,LI Gensheng,HUANG Zhongwei,et al.Research on axial-torsional coupling percussion drilling technology[J].China Petroleum Machinery,2018,46(10):12-17.
[11]王德余,李根生,史怀忠,等.高效破岩新方法进展与应用[J].石油机械,2012,40(6):1-6.WANG Deyu,LI Gensheng,SHI Huaizhong,et al.Progress of the high-efficiency rock-breaking method[J].China Petroleum Machinery,2012,40(6):1-6.
[12]XUAN Lingchao,GUAN Zhichuan,HU Huaigang.Design and analysis of a novel rotary percussion drilling tool in petroleum exploration[J].Journal of Applied Science and Engineering,2017,20(1):73-80.
[13]FU Jiasheng,LI Gensheng,SHI Huaizhong,et al.A novel tool to improve the rate of penetration--hydraulic-pulsed cavitating-jet generator[J].SPE Drilling&Completion,2012,27(3):355-362.
[14]WANG Peng,NI Hongjian,WANG Ruihe,et al.Modulating downhole cuttings via a pulsed jet for efficient drilling-tool development and field testing[J].Journal of Natural Gas Science and Engineering,2015,27:1287-1295.
[15]YANG Yandong,LIAO Hualin,XU Yue,et al.Coupled fluid-structure simulation of a vibration-assisted rotary percussion drilling tool[J].Energy Sources,Part A:Recovery,Utilization,and Environmental Effects,2019,40(14):1725-1738.
[16]WILSON A.Hydraulic percussion drilling system boosts rate of penetration,lowers cost[J].Journal of Petroleum Technology,2015,67(12):79-80.
[17]GHASEMLOONIA A,GEOFF RIDEOUT D,BUTT S D.Vibration analysis of a drillstring in vibration-assisted rotary drilling:finite element modeling with analytical validation[J].Journal of Energy Resources Technology,2013,135(3):032902
[18]BABAPOUR S.Investigation of enhancing drill cuttings cleaning and penetration rate using cavitating pressure pulses[C]//Proceedings of the 48th U.S.Rock Mechanics/Geomechanics Symposium.Minneapolis,Minnesota:ARMA,2014.
[19]GHASEMLOONIA A,GEOFF RIDEOUT D,BUTT S D.Analysis of multi-mode nonlinear coupled axial-transverse drillstring vibration in vibration assisted rotary drilling[J].Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering,2014,116:36-49.
[20]MELAMED Y,KISELEV A,GELFGAT M,et al.Hydraulic hammer drilling technology:developments and capabilities[J].Journal of Energy Resources Technology,2000,122(1):1-7.
[21]XIAO Yingjian,HURICH C,MOLGAARD J,et al.Investigation of active vibration drilling using acoustic emission and cutting size analysis[J].Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering,2018,10(2):390-401.
[22]安辉樊,军蒋龙.冲旋钻井过程入射波形与能量传递效率关系研究[J].机械设计与制造,2016(1):43-46.AN Huifan,JUN Jianglong.Study on relationship between incident wave shape and energy transfer efficiency in rotary-percussive rock drilling process[J].Machinery Design&Manufacture,2016(1):43-46.
[23]LUNDBERG B,COLLET P.Optimal wave with respect to efficiency in percussive drilling with integral drill steel[J].International Journal of Impact Engineering,2010,37(8):901-906.
[24]LUNDBERG B,OKROUHLIK M.Efficiency of a percussive rock drilling process with consideration of wave energy radiation into the rock[J].International Journal of Impact Engineering,2006,32(10):1573-1583.
[25]单仁亮,杨永琦,赵统武.冲击凿入系统入射波形与凿入效率的研究[J].爆炸与冲击,1995,15(3):247-253.SHAN Renliang,YANG Yongqi,ZHAO Tongwu.Study on incident wave shape and penetrative efficiency of a percussive penetrative system[J].Explosion and Shock Waves,1995,15(3):247-253.
[26]YANG Yandong,LIAO Hualin,XU Yue,et al.Theoretical investigation of the energy transfer efficiency under percussive drilling loads[J].Arabian Journal of Geosciences,2019,12(5):175.
[27]LUNDBERG B,COLLET P.Optimal wave shape with respect to efficiency in percussive drilling with detachable drill bit[J].International Journal of impact Engineering,2015,86:179-187.
[28]ZHOU Zilong,LI Xibing,LIU Aihua,et al.Stress uniformity of split Hopkinson pressure bar under half-sine wave loads[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences,2011,48(4):697-701.
[29]付加胜,李根生,牛继磊,等.脉冲式井下增压钻井装置关键参数设计与分析[J].石油机械,2013,41(3):1-6.FU Jiasheng,LI Gensheng,NIU Jilei,et al.Design and analysis of the key parameters of downhole pulsed boosting drilling device[J].China Petroleum Machinery,2013,41(3):1-6.
[2]况雨春,朱志镨,蒋海军,等.单粒子冲击破岩实验与数值模拟[J].石油学报,2012,33(6):1059-1063.KUANG Yuchun,ZHU Zhipu,JIANG Haijun,et al.The experimental study and numerical simulation of single-particle impacting rock[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2012,33(6):1059-1063.
[3]张光亚,马锋,梁英波,等.全球深层油气勘探领域及理论技术进展[J].石油学报,2015,36(9):1156-1166.ZHANG Guangya,MA Feng,LIANG Yingbo,et al.Domain and theory-technology progress of global deep oil&gas exploration[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2015,36(9):1156-1166.
[4]陶兴华.提高深井钻井速度的有效技术方法[J].石油钻采工艺,2001,23(5):4-8.TAO Xinghua.Effective measures for improving the penetration rate of deep well[J].Oil Drilling&Production Technology,2001,23(5):4-8.
[5]何金南.深井钻井技术问题及其系统分析[J].石油钻采工艺,2005,27(5):1-7.HE Jinnan.Technical problems of deep well drilling and their systems analysis[J].Oil Drilling&Production Technology,2005,27(5):1-7.
[6]祝效华,刘伟吉.旋冲钻井技术的破岩及提速机理[J].石油学报,2018,39(2):216-222.ZHU Xiaohua,LIU Weiji.Rock breaking and ROP rising mechanism of rotary-percussive drilling technology[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2018,39(2):216-222.
[7]林元华,施太和,梁政,等.冲旋钻井机械钻速仿真研究[J].石油学报,2004,25(5):88-92.LIN Yuanhua,SHI Taihe,LIANG Zheng,et al.Simulation of penetration rate of air percussion drilling bit[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2004,25(5):88-92.
[8]田家林,杨应林,朱志,等.基于旋冲螺杆提速器的井下动力特性[J].石油学报,2019,40(2):224-231.TIAN Jialin,YANG Yinglin,ZHU Zhi,et al.Downhole dynamic characteristics of an actuator based on rotary screw[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2019,40(2):224-231.
[9]付加胜,李根生,田守嶒,等.液动冲击钻井技术发展与应用现状[J].石油机械,2014,42(6):1-6.FU Jiasheng,LI Gensheng,TIAN Shouceng,et al.The current development and application of hydraulic percussion drilling technology[J].China Petroleum Machinery,2014,42(6):1-6.
[10]穆总结,李根生,黄中伟,等.轴扭耦合冲击钻井技术研究[J].石油机械,2018,46(10):12-17.MU Zongjie,LI Gensheng,HUANG Zhongwei,et al.Research on axial-torsional coupling percussion drilling technology[J].China Petroleum Machinery,2018,46(10):12-17.
[11]王德余,李根生,史怀忠,等.高效破岩新方法进展与应用[J].石油机械,2012,40(6):1-6.WANG Deyu,LI Gensheng,SHI Huaizhong,et al.Progress of the high-efficiency rock-breaking method[J].China Petroleum Machinery,2012,40(6):1-6.
[12]XUAN Lingchao,GUAN Zhichuan,HU Huaigang.Design and analysis of a novel rotary percussion drilling tool in petroleum exploration[J].Journal of Applied Science and Engineering,2017,20(1):73-80.
[13]FU Jiasheng,LI Gensheng,SHI Huaizhong,et al.A novel tool to improve the rate of penetration--hydraulic-pulsed cavitating-jet generator[J].SPE Drilling&Completion,2012,27(3):355-362.
[14]WANG Peng,NI Hongjian,WANG Ruihe,et al.Modulating downhole cuttings via a pulsed jet for efficient drilling-tool development and field testing[J].Journal of Natural Gas Science and Engineering,2015,27:1287-1295.
[15]YANG Yandong,LIAO Hualin,XU Yue,et al.Coupled fluid-structure simulation of a vibration-assisted rotary percussion drilling tool[J].Energy Sources,Part A:Recovery,Utilization,and Environmental Effects,2019,40(14):1725-1738.
[16]WILSON A.Hydraulic percussion drilling system boosts rate of penetration,lowers cost[J].Journal of Petroleum Technology,2015,67(12):79-80.
[17]GHASEMLOONIA A,GEOFF RIDEOUT D,BUTT S D.Vibration analysis of a drillstring in vibration-assisted rotary drilling:finite element modeling with analytical validation[J].Journal of Energy Resources Technology,2013,135(3):032902
[18]BABAPOUR S.Investigation of enhancing drill cuttings cleaning and penetration rate using cavitating pressure pulses[C]//Proceedings of the 48th U.S.Rock Mechanics/Geomechanics Symposium.Minneapolis,Minnesota:ARMA,2014.
[19]GHASEMLOONIA A,GEOFF RIDEOUT D,BUTT S D.Analysis of multi-mode nonlinear coupled axial-transverse drillstring vibration in vibration assisted rotary drilling[J].Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering,2014,116:36-49.
[20]MELAMED Y,KISELEV A,GELFGAT M,et al.Hydraulic hammer drilling technology:developments and capabilities[J].Journal of Energy Resources Technology,2000,122(1):1-7.
[21]XIAO Yingjian,HURICH C,MOLGAARD J,et al.Investigation of active vibration drilling using acoustic emission and cutting size analysis[J].Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering,2018,10(2):390-401.
[22]安辉樊,军蒋龙.冲旋钻井过程入射波形与能量传递效率关系研究[J].机械设计与制造,2016(1):43-46.AN Huifan,JUN Jianglong.Study on relationship between incident wave shape and energy transfer efficiency in rotary-percussive rock drilling process[J].Machinery Design&Manufacture,2016(1):43-46.
[23]LUNDBERG B,COLLET P.Optimal wave with respect to efficiency in percussive drilling with integral drill steel[J].International Journal of Impact Engineering,2010,37(8):901-906.
[24]LUNDBERG B,OKROUHLIK M.Efficiency of a percussive rock drilling process with consideration of wave energy radiation into the rock[J].International Journal of Impact Engineering,2006,32(10):1573-1583.
[25]单仁亮,杨永琦,赵统武.冲击凿入系统入射波形与凿入效率的研究[J].爆炸与冲击,1995,15(3):247-253.SHAN Renliang,YANG Yongqi,ZHAO Tongwu.Study on incident wave shape and penetrative efficiency of a percussive penetrative system[J].Explosion and Shock Waves,1995,15(3):247-253.
[26]YANG Yandong,LIAO Hualin,XU Yue,et al.Theoretical investigation of the energy transfer efficiency under percussive drilling loads[J].Arabian Journal of Geosciences,2019,12(5):175.
[27]LUNDBERG B,COLLET P.Optimal wave shape with respect to efficiency in percussive drilling with detachable drill bit[J].International Journal of impact Engineering,2015,86:179-187.
[28]ZHOU Zilong,LI Xibing,LIU Aihua,et al.Stress uniformity of split Hopkinson pressure bar under half-sine wave loads[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences,2011,48(4):697-701.
[29]付加胜,李根生,牛继磊,等.脉冲式井下增压钻井装置关键参数设计与分析[J].石油机械,2013,41(3):1-6.FU Jiasheng,LI Gensheng,NIU Jilei,et al.Design and analysis of the key parameters of downhole pulsed boosting drilling device[J].China Petroleum Machinery,2013,41(3):1-6.