2008—2016年广西巴马瑶族自治县农村生活饮用水监测结果
|
摘要
目的了解广西少数民族居住的河池市巴马县农村居民饮用水安全及质量状况,为进一步改善当地饮用水提供科学依据。方法收集2008—2016年在该县10个乡镇随机选择962个取样点采集的水样,并进行实验室检测数据汇总,采用Excel 2003软件进行统计学分析。结果该县总人口数从2008年的25万多,到2016年29万多,在过去的9 a中农村居民饮用水以地表水为主占96.68%,居民饮用水经过仅消毒处理的人口构成比由2008年的11.21%上升到2016年的50.01%。枯水期和丰水期的水质检测合格率由原来最低2.22%,分别提高到2016年的63.27%和71.43%。集中式和分散式供水细菌学检测指标合格率分别为57.78%和37.88%。不同水源地水质检测如溪水、井水、水库水及未处理水各项指标合格率均未超过11%。结论该县农村居民饮用水安全及质量逐年得到不断改善,但覆盖人群数量有待进一步扩大。
[Objective]To understand the safety and quality status of rural drinking water in Bama Yao Nationality Autonomous County of Guangxi Province,provide the scientific basis for further improving the drinking water quality.[Methods]962 sampling sites were randomly selected in 10 townships of the county from 2008-2016,to collect the water samples. The laboratory testing data were summarized and statistically analyzed with Excel 2003.[Results]The total population of the county increased from 250 000 in 2008 to 290 000 in 2016. In the past nine year,96.68% of rural residents mainly drunk the surface water,and the demographic ratio of residents drunk drinking water with disinfection treatment rose from 11.21% in 2008 to 50.01% in 2016. The qualified rate of water quality in wet season and the dry season increased from the lowest value of 2.22% to 63.27% and 71.43% respectively in 2016. The qualified rate of bacteriological test in centralized and decentralized water supply was 57.78% and 37.88% respectively. For the testing of different water sources,the qualified rates of stream water,well water,reservoir water and untreated water were all lower than 11%.[Conclusion]The drinking water safety and quality of the rural residents in the county have been improved year by year,but the population coverage needs to be further expanded.
[Objective]To understand the safety and quality status of rural drinking water in Bama Yao Nationality Autonomous County of Guangxi Province,provide the scientific basis for further improving the drinking water quality.[Methods]962 sampling sites were randomly selected in 10 townships of the county from 2008-2016,to collect the water samples. The laboratory testing data were summarized and statistically analyzed with Excel 2003.[Results]The total population of the county increased from 250 000 in 2008 to 290 000 in 2016. In the past nine year,96.68% of rural residents mainly drunk the surface water,and the demographic ratio of residents drunk drinking water with disinfection treatment rose from 11.21% in 2008 to 50.01% in 2016. The qualified rate of water quality in wet season and the dry season increased from the lowest value of 2.22% to 63.27% and 71.43% respectively in 2016. The qualified rate of bacteriological test in centralized and decentralized water supply was 57.78% and 37.88% respectively. For the testing of different water sources,the qualified rates of stream water,well water,reservoir water and untreated water were all lower than 11%.[Conclusion]The drinking water safety and quality of the rural residents in the county have been improved year by year,but the population coverage needs to be further expanded.
引文
[1]钟格梅,唐振柱,李书钟,等.广西农村饮用水卫生监测体系建立的研究[J].应用预防医学,2011,17(5):257-262.
[2]中华人民共和国卫生部,中国国家标准化管理委员会.生活饮用水标准检验方法:GB/T 5750.1-2006[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2007.
[3]张荣,王正虹.农村饮用水卫生监测质量控制手册[M].北京:中国协和医科大学出版社,2007:253-256.
[4]中华人民共和国卫生部,中国国家标准化管理委员会.生活饮用水卫生标准:GB/T 5749-2006[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2007.
[5]韦丽琴,傅剑羽,黄林光,等.天峨县2008-2011年农村生活饮用水监测结果分析[J].中国农村卫生事业管理,2013,33(1):37-39.
[6]黄月花,韦杏铃,银朗月,等.宜州市2008-2013年农村生活饮用水监测结果分析[J].基层医学论坛,2014,18(13):1751-1753.
[7]钟格梅,唐振柱,刘展华,等.2009年广西农村集中式供水消毒现况调查[J].环境与健康杂志,2010,27(9):810-813.
[8]曾露滋,陆建中,黄柏林,等.广西农村饮用水水质卫生状况及干预措施的文献分析[J].职业与健康,2015,31(1):131-134.
[9]钟格梅,唐振柱,刘展华,等.广西农村饮用水与环境卫生状况调查[J].环境与健康杂志,2009,26(1):28-30.
[10]杨国然.影响我国农村饮用水水质因素及其管理策略研究进展[J].应用预防医学,2015,21(6):454-457.
[11]杨杏爱,姚群,荣光雄,等.广西一起非典型肠致病性大肠杆菌引起小学生食物中毒调查分析[J].中国医药科学,2016,6(18):133-136.
[12]钟格梅,唐振柱,黎勇,等.2008-2012年广西农村生活饮用水氟化物含量调查[J].环境与健康杂志,2014,31(4):330-331.
[13]唐振柱,钟格梅,赵鹏,等.广西饮用水卫生监测体系在某重大水污染应急处置中的应用效果评价[J].实用预防医学,2013,20(2):135-138.
[14]钟格梅,赵鹏,郑承杰,等.2011年广西农村环境卫生健康危害因素调查[J].应用预防医学,2012,18(6):339-342.
[2]中华人民共和国卫生部,中国国家标准化管理委员会.生活饮用水标准检验方法:GB/T 5750.1-2006[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2007.
[3]张荣,王正虹.农村饮用水卫生监测质量控制手册[M].北京:中国协和医科大学出版社,2007:253-256.
[4]中华人民共和国卫生部,中国国家标准化管理委员会.生活饮用水卫生标准:GB/T 5749-2006[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2007.
[5]韦丽琴,傅剑羽,黄林光,等.天峨县2008-2011年农村生活饮用水监测结果分析[J].中国农村卫生事业管理,2013,33(1):37-39.
[6]黄月花,韦杏铃,银朗月,等.宜州市2008-2013年农村生活饮用水监测结果分析[J].基层医学论坛,2014,18(13):1751-1753.
[7]钟格梅,唐振柱,刘展华,等.2009年广西农村集中式供水消毒现况调查[J].环境与健康杂志,2010,27(9):810-813.
[8]曾露滋,陆建中,黄柏林,等.广西农村饮用水水质卫生状况及干预措施的文献分析[J].职业与健康,2015,31(1):131-134.
[9]钟格梅,唐振柱,刘展华,等.广西农村饮用水与环境卫生状况调查[J].环境与健康杂志,2009,26(1):28-30.
[10]杨国然.影响我国农村饮用水水质因素及其管理策略研究进展[J].应用预防医学,2015,21(6):454-457.
[11]杨杏爱,姚群,荣光雄,等.广西一起非典型肠致病性大肠杆菌引起小学生食物中毒调查分析[J].中国医药科学,2016,6(18):133-136.
[12]钟格梅,唐振柱,黎勇,等.2008-2012年广西农村生活饮用水氟化物含量调查[J].环境与健康杂志,2014,31(4):330-331.
[13]唐振柱,钟格梅,赵鹏,等.广西饮用水卫生监测体系在某重大水污染应急处置中的应用效果评价[J].实用预防医学,2013,20(2):135-138.
[14]钟格梅,赵鹏,郑承杰,等.2011年广西农村环境卫生健康危害因素调查[J].应用预防医学,2012,18(6):339-342.