典型荧蒽降解菌的固定化方法优选及降解性能
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摘要
为了对典型荧蒽降解菌(青霉素菌DTQ-HK1)固定化方法进行优选及其荧蒽的降解性能进行探究,比较菌种固定化后的耗氧速率及对荧蒽的短期降解效果,优选出最佳固定化方法,并对其进行液相和底泥中荧蒽长期降解实验.结果显示:粒径为10目玉米芯吸附固定化菌种后的耗氧速率最高为102 mg/(g·d),2%PVA+3%SA的载体包埋固定化后菌种的耗氧速率最高为82 mg/(g·d);对2种固定化方法中的最佳载体进行固定化菌对荧蒽的降解实验,14 d后吸附和包埋固定化菌对荧蒽的降解率分别为28.28%、23.49%,说明吸附固定化菌相对来说对荧蒽的降解和微生物活性更有利.菌种经过最佳固定化方法处理后对液相中荧蒽42 d连续降解实验可知,吸附固定化菌对荧蒽的降解率达到62.45%,比悬浮菌提高了10.23%;而吸附固定化菌对菖蒲根际底泥中荧蒽经过90 d降解实验,降解率达86.14%,比悬浮菌提高了5.56%.
In order to optimize immobilization methods of typical fluoranthene-degrading strain(Penicillium purpurogenum strain DTQ-HK1) and study the fluoranthene-degrading characteristic, the oxygen consumption rate of immobilized strain and short-term degradation of fluoranthene were compared to optimize the immobilization methods,and then the long-term degradation rates of fluoranthene in liquid and river sediment were investigated. The results showed that the oxygen consumption rate of corncob with particle size of 10 mesh immobilized by adsorption was 102 mg/(g·d), and that of 2% PVA + 3% SA immobilized by embedment was 82 mg/(g·d). And then 14 day degradation rates of fluoranthene in liquid for the two carriers were 28.28% and 23.49% respectively(for adsorption and embedment carrier), the result showed that the adsorption immobilization was superior to embedment immobilization about the oxygen consumption rate and degradation rate of fluoranthene. The degradation rate of fluoranthene by adsorption immobilized strain in liquid was 62.45% after 42 days, which was increased by10.23% compared with the free strain, and the degradation rate was 86.14% in river sediment after 90 days,which was increased by 5.56% compared with the free strain.
In order to optimize immobilization methods of typical fluoranthene-degrading strain(Penicillium purpurogenum strain DTQ-HK1) and study the fluoranthene-degrading characteristic, the oxygen consumption rate of immobilized strain and short-term degradation of fluoranthene were compared to optimize the immobilization methods,and then the long-term degradation rates of fluoranthene in liquid and river sediment were investigated. The results showed that the oxygen consumption rate of corncob with particle size of 10 mesh immobilized by adsorption was 102 mg/(g·d), and that of 2% PVA + 3% SA immobilized by embedment was 82 mg/(g·d). And then 14 day degradation rates of fluoranthene in liquid for the two carriers were 28.28% and 23.49% respectively(for adsorption and embedment carrier), the result showed that the adsorption immobilization was superior to embedment immobilization about the oxygen consumption rate and degradation rate of fluoranthene. The degradation rate of fluoranthene by adsorption immobilized strain in liquid was 62.45% after 42 days, which was increased by10.23% compared with the free strain, and the degradation rate was 86.14% in river sediment after 90 days,which was increased by 5.56% compared with the free strain.
引文
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[2]WILD S R,JONES K C.Polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons in the United Kingdom environment:A preliminary source inventory and budget[J].Environmental Pollution,1995,88(1):91-108.
[3]YAN J,WANG L,FU P P,et al.Photomutagenicity of 16polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from the US EPA priority pollutant list[J].Mutation Research/Genetic Toxicology and Environmental Mutagenesis,2004,557(1):99-108.
[4]US Environmental Protection Agency(USEPA).Provisional Guidance for Quantitative Risk Assessment of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons[M].Washington DC:US Goverment Printing Office,1993.
[5]CHIOU C T,MACGRODDY S E,KILEE D E.Partition characteristics of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons onsoils and sediments[J].Environmental Science and Technology,1998,32:264-269.
[6]冉勇,孙可,马晓轩,等.土壤和沉积物中的聚合有机质对多环芳烃分布和提取的影响[J].生态毒理学报,2006,1(6):336-342.RAN Y,SUN K,MA X X,et al.Effect of condensed organic matters on distribution and extraction of PAHs in soils and sediments[J].Journal of Ecotoxicology,2006,1(6):336-342(in Chinese).
[7]许士奋,蒋新,王连生,等.长江和辽河沉积物中的多环芳烃类污染物[J].中国环境科学,2000,20(2):128-131.XU S F,JIANG X,WANG L S,et al.The polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon pollutants of Yangtze river and Liao river sediments[J].China Environmental Science,2000,20(2):128-131(in Chinese).
[8]袁旭音,李阿梅,王禹,等.太湖表层沉积物中的多环芳烃及其毒性评估[J].河海大学学报:自然科学版,2004,32(6):607-610.YUAN X Y,LI A M,WANG Y,et al.The polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon deposited in Taihu lake surface sediments and its toxicity assessment[J].Journal of Hohai University:Natural Sciences,2004,32(6):607-610(in Chinese).
[9]罗雪梅,刘昌明,何孟常.黄河沉积物中多环芳烃的分布特征及来源分析[J].环境科学研究,2005,18(2):48-50,65.LUO X M,LIU C M,HE M C.The distribution of and source analysis of PAHs in the Yellow river sediments[J].Research of Environmental Sciences,2005,18(2):48-50,65(in Chinese).
[10]武江越,刘征涛,冯流,等.太湖表层沉积物中PAHs的空间分布及风险评价[J].环境科学研究,2012,25(4):391-396.WU J Y,LIU Z T,FENG L,et al.Spatial distribution and risk assessment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in partial surface sediments of Taihu lake[J].Research of Environmental Sciences,2012,25(4):391-396(in Chinese).
[11]李琪,李钜源,窦月芹.淮河中下游沉积物PAHs的稳定碳同位素源解[J].环境科学研究,2012,25(6):672-677.LI Q,LI J Y,DOU Y Q.The source of PAHs stable carbon isotope in the sediments of the mid-lower Huaihe river[J].Research of Environmental Sciences,2012,25(6):672-677(in Chinese).
[12]JUHASZ A L,NAIDU R.Bioremediation of high molecular weight polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons:A review of the microbial degradation of benzo[a]pyrene[J].International Biodeterioration&Biodegradation,2000,45(1):57-88.
[13]ZHANG J,LIN X,LIU W,et al.Effect of organic wastes on the plant-microbe remediation for removal of aged PAHs in soils[J].Journal of Environmental Sciences,2012,24(8):1476-1482.
[14]胡广军,梁成华,李培军,等.固定化微生物对多环芳烃污染土壤的降解[J].生态学杂志,2008,27(5):745-750.HU G J,LIANG C H,LI P J,et al.Degradation of soil polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons by immobilized microbes[J].Chinese Journal of Ecology,2008,27(5):745-750(in Chinese).
[15]STELTING S,BURNS R G,SUNNA A,et al.Immobilization of Pseudomonas sp.Strain ADP:A stable inoculant for the bioremediation of atrazine[J].Applied Clay Science,2012,64:90-93.
[16]范玉超,刘文文,司有斌,等.竹炭固定化微生物对土壤中阿特拉津的降解研究[J].土壤,2011,43(6):954-960.FAN Y C,LIU W W,SI Y B,et al.Biodegradation of Atrazine in soils by bamboo charcoal immobilized a degradation bacterium[J].Soils,2011,43(6):954-960(in Chinese).
[17]SU D,LI P J,STAGNITTI F,et al.Biodegradation of benzo[a]pyrene in soil by Mucor sp.SF06 and Bacillus sp.SB02 coimmobolized on vermiculite[J].Journal of Environmental Sciences,2006,18(6):1204-1209.
[18]王鑫,苏丹,李海波.固定化微生物对土壤中苯并芘的降解[J].生态环境学报,2011,20(3):532-537.WANG X,SU D,LI H B.Immobilization of combined bacteria and its degradation of benzo[a]pyrene in contaminated soil[J].Ecology and Environmental Sciences,2011,20(3):532-537(in Chinese).
[19]于鑫,张晓键,王占生.饮用水生物处理中生物量的脂磷法测定[J].城市给排水,2002,28(5):1-4.YU X,ZHANG X J,WANG Z S.Biomass exami nation by lipid-P method for drinking water bio-treatment[J].Water and Wastewater Engineering,2002,28(5):1-4(in Chinese).