岩性与植被类型对喀斯特土壤AM真菌群落的影响
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摘要
运用巢式PCR和高通量测序技术,检测不同岩性和植被类型条件下喀斯特土壤丛枝菌根(arbuscular mycorrhizal,AM)真菌群落结构的变化,揭示不同岩性和植被类型条件下土壤中AM真菌群落结构的影响因子。高通量测序共获得185个操作分类单元(operational taxonomic unit,OTU),这些OTU可划分为7科9属,其中球囊霉属Glomus为研究区内的优势属。单因素方差和独立样本t检验分析表明,在不同岩性和植被类型条件下,土壤理化性质、AM真菌优势属均存在显著性差异。双因素方差分析结果表明,岩性和植被类型及两者的交互作用对AM真菌多样性及群落存在显著性影响。主坐标分析结果显示,在植被恢复阶段不同岩性条件下,AM真菌群落结构存在显著性差异。冗余分析表明,土壤的全磷、全钾、速效磷、砂粒含量、交换性镁离子影响AM真菌群落组成结构。综上可见,岩性和植被改变了土壤的全磷、全钾、速效磷、砂粒含量、交换性镁离子,并因此影响了土壤AM真菌的群落结构。
The changes of arbuscular mycorrhizal(AM)Fungi Community Structure in karst soil under different lithological and vegetation types were detected by nested PCR and high-throughput sequencing,and the influencing factors of AM Fungi Community Structure under different lithological and vegetation types were revealed.A total of 185 OTU(Operational Taxonomic Unit)were obtained from highthroughput sequencing.These OTU could be divided into 7 families and 9 genera,of which the Glomus was the dominant genus in the study area.The results of One-way ANOVA and independent sample t-test analysis showed that there were significant differences in soil physical and chemical properties and AM fungi dominant genus between sample plots under the different lithology and vegetation type conditions.The results of Two-way ANOVA showed that the lithology and vegetation type and the interaction between them had significant influence on the diversity and community of AM fungi.The results of PCoA showed that there were significant differences in the structure of AM fungi community under the different lithology and vegetation type conditions.The results of RDA showed that soil total phosphorus,total potassium,available phosphorus,sand content and exchangeable magnesium ions affected the structure of AM fungal community.In summary,the research results showed that the lithology and vegetation type changed soil total phosphorus,total potassium,available phosphorus,sand content,exchangeable magnesium ions in soil,and thus affected the structure of AM fungi community in soil.
The changes of arbuscular mycorrhizal(AM)Fungi Community Structure in karst soil under different lithological and vegetation types were detected by nested PCR and high-throughput sequencing,and the influencing factors of AM Fungi Community Structure under different lithological and vegetation types were revealed.A total of 185 OTU(Operational Taxonomic Unit)were obtained from highthroughput sequencing.These OTU could be divided into 7 families and 9 genera,of which the Glomus was the dominant genus in the study area.The results of One-way ANOVA and independent sample t-test analysis showed that there were significant differences in soil physical and chemical properties and AM fungi dominant genus between sample plots under the different lithology and vegetation type conditions.The results of Two-way ANOVA showed that the lithology and vegetation type and the interaction between them had significant influence on the diversity and community of AM fungi.The results of PCoA showed that there were significant differences in the structure of AM fungi community under the different lithology and vegetation type conditions.The results of RDA showed that soil total phosphorus,total potassium,available phosphorus,sand content and exchangeable magnesium ions affected the structure of AM fungal community.In summary,the research results showed that the lithology and vegetation type changed soil total phosphorus,total potassium,available phosphorus,sand content,exchangeable magnesium ions in soil,and thus affected the structure of AM fungi community in soil.
引文
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[30]WALDROP M P,ZAK D R,BLACKWOOD C B,et al.Resource availability controls fungal diversity across a plant diversity gradient[J].Ecology Letters,2006,9(10):1127-1135.
[2]王世杰.喀斯特石漠化:中国西南最严重的生态地质环境问题[J].矿物岩石地球化学通报,2003,22(2):120-126.
[3]周毅,李旋旗,赵景柱.中国典型生态脆弱带与贫困相关性分析[J].北京理工大学学报,2008,28(3):260-262.
[4]ESKANDARI S,GUPPY C N,KNOX O G G,et al.Mycorrhizal symbioses of cotton grown on sodic soils:a review from an Australian perspective[J].Pedosphere,2017,27(6):1015-1026.
[5]HEIJDEN M G A V D.Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi as support systems for seedling establishment in grassland[J].Ecology Letters,2004,7(4):293-303.
[6]COLLA G,ROUPHAEL Y,CARDARELLI M,et al.Alleviation of salt stress by arbuscular mycorrhizal in zucchini plants grown at low and high phosphorus concentration[J].Biology and Fertility of Soils,2008,44(3):501-509.
[7]ZHANG L D,ZHANG J L,CHRISTIE P,et al.Effect of inoculation with the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus Glomus intraradices on the root-knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita incucumber[J].Journal of Plant Nutrition,2009,32(6):967-979.
[8]LI S.Different arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal species are potential determinants of plant community structure[J].Ecology,1998,79(6):2082-2091.
[9]OEHL F,LACZKO E,BOGENRIEDER A,et al.Soil type and land use intensity determine the composition of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal communities[J].Soil Biology and Biochemistry,2010,42(5):724-738.
[10]HEIJDEN M G A V D,KLIRONOMOS J N.Mycorrhizal fungal diversity determines plant biodiversity,ecosystem variability and productivity[J].Nature,1998,396(6706):69-72.
[11]LIANG Y M,PAN F J,HE X Y,et al.Effect of vegetation types on soil arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and nitrogen-fixing bacterial communities in a Karst region[J].Environmental Science and Pollution Research,2016,23(18):18482-18491.
[12]鲍士旦.土壤农化分析[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2000.
[13]WANG Y Q,SHAO M G,GAO L.Spatial variability of soil particle size distribution and fractal features in WaterWind Erosion Crisscross Region on the Loess Plateau of China[J].Soil Science,2010,175(12):579-585.
[14]黄昌勇.土壤学[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2001.
[15]LEE J,LEE S,YOUNG J P W.Improved PCR primers for the detection and identification of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi[J].FEMS Microbiology Ecology,2008,65(2):339-349.
[16]SATO K,SUYAMA Y,SAITO M,et al.A new primer for discrimination of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi with polymerase chain reaction-denature gradient gel electrophoresis[J].Grassland Science,2005,51(2):179.
[17]梁月明,苏以荣,何寻阳,等.岩溶区典型灌丛植物根系丛枝菌根真菌群落结构解析[J].环境科学,2018,39(12):5657-5664.
[18]刘润进,焦惠,李岩,等.丛枝菌根真菌物种多样性研究进展[J].应用生态学报,2009,20(9):2301-2307.
[19]梁月明,苏以荣,何寻阳,等.喀斯特灌丛土壤丛枝菌根真菌群落结构及丰度的影响因子[J].环境科学,2017,38(11):4828-4835.
[20]TEDERSOO L,BAHRAM M,TOOTS M,et al.Towards global patterns in the diversity and community structure of ectomycorrhizal fungi[J].Molecular Ecology,2012,21(17):4160-4170.
[21]高程,郭良栋.外生菌根真菌多样性的分布格局与维持机制研究进展[J].生物多样性,2013,21(4):488-498.
[22]王宇涛,辛国荣,李韶山.丛枝菌根真菌最新分类系统与物种多样性研究概况[J].生态学报,2013,33(3):834-843.
[23]GAUR A,ADHOLEYA A.Effects of the particle size of soilless substrates upon AM fungus inoculum production[J].Mycorrhiza,2000,10(1):43-48.
[24]TRESEDER K K,ALLEN M F.Direct N and P limitation of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi:a model and field test[J].New Phytologist,2002,155(3):507-515.
[25]张旭红,朱永官,王幼珊,等.不同施肥处理对丛枝菌根真菌生态分布的影响[J].生态学报,2006,26(9):3081-3087.
[26]李伟.接种丛枝菌根提高柑橘对镁元素吸收及促进光合机制的研究[D].重庆:西南大学,2010.
[27]贾申,喻理飞.喀斯特石漠化区石灰岩与白云岩土壤理化性质分析:以贵州兴义市为例[J].贵州科学,2010,28(3):29-33.
[28]ANDERSON D W.The effect of parent material and soil development on nutrient cycling in temperate ecosystems[J].Biogeochemistry,1998,5(1):71-97.
[29]朱守谦,何纪星,魏鲁明.茂兰喀斯特森林小生境特征研究[M].贵阳:贵州科技出版社,2003:38-48.
[30]WALDROP M P,ZAK D R,BLACKWOOD C B,et al.Resource availability controls fungal diversity across a plant diversity gradient[J].Ecology Letters,2006,9(10):1127-1135.