光周期对二点委夜蛾生长发育的影响
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摘要
为明确光周期对二点委夜蛾Athetis lepigone(M?schler)生长发育的影响,在温度24±1℃、相对湿度(80±5)%以及13个不同光周期的条件下测定二点委夜蛾幼虫发育历期、成虫生殖等情况。结果表明,光周期对二点委夜蛾生长发育影响显著。当光照时数≥16 h时,二点委夜蛾幼虫至产卵前期的总发育历期在33.7~40.7 d之间,无休眠个体产生,成虫获得率在67.0%~78.7%之间,单雌产卵量在335.3~382.4粒之间,种群趋势指数在116.4~144.0之间。当光照时数<16 h时,二点委夜蛾幼虫至产卵前期的总发育历期在40.2~63.2 d之间;老熟幼虫或蛹中的部分个体出现休眠现象,并以老熟幼虫为主;各处理间总休眠率在18.4%~79.6%之间,成虫获得率在15.3%~66.0%之间,单雌产卵量在275.8~419.0粒之间,种群趋势指数在30.4~122.6之间。表明长光照有利于二点委夜蛾的生长发育及生殖。
To clarify the effects of photoperiod on Lepidopteran pest Athetis lepigone(M?schler), the development of larvae and fecundity of adults were investigated in the laboratory under the temperature 24±1℃, relative humidity(80±5)% and different photoperiods. The results indicated that the photoperiod had a significant effect on the development and reproduction of A. lepigone. When the illumination time lasted for more than 16 hours, the developmental duration of A. lepigone ranged from 33.7 to 40.7 d and no dormancy was observed. The adult rate accounted for 67.0%-78.7%, the number of eggs laid per female was from 335.3 to 382.4 and index of population trend was from 116.41 to 144.0. In contrast, when the illumination time was less than 16 hours, the developmental duration of A. lepigone ranged from 40.2 to 63.2 d.Some mature larvae or pupae entered into dormant state and the dormancy rate ranged between 18.4% and79.6%. Meantime, the adult rate, number of eggs laid per female, and index of population trend were15.3%-66.0%, 275.8-419.0 and 30.4-122.6, respectively. The results indicated that long photoperiod was beneficial to the growth and reproduction of A. lepigone.
To clarify the effects of photoperiod on Lepidopteran pest Athetis lepigone(M?schler), the development of larvae and fecundity of adults were investigated in the laboratory under the temperature 24±1℃, relative humidity(80±5)% and different photoperiods. The results indicated that the photoperiod had a significant effect on the development and reproduction of A. lepigone. When the illumination time lasted for more than 16 hours, the developmental duration of A. lepigone ranged from 33.7 to 40.7 d and no dormancy was observed. The adult rate accounted for 67.0%-78.7%, the number of eggs laid per female was from 335.3 to 382.4 and index of population trend was from 116.41 to 144.0. In contrast, when the illumination time was less than 16 hours, the developmental duration of A. lepigone ranged from 40.2 to 63.2 d.Some mature larvae or pupae entered into dormant state and the dormancy rate ranged between 18.4% and79.6%. Meantime, the adult rate, number of eggs laid per female, and index of population trend were15.3%-66.0%, 275.8-419.0 and 30.4-122.6, respectively. The results indicated that long photoperiod was beneficial to the growth and reproduction of A. lepigone.
引文
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Chen ZZ,Lu H,Wang YH,Cao YX,Yu JF,Yin XC,Xu YY.2014.Effect of tow different photoperiods on cold hardiness of naturally over-wintering adults and laboratory-bred larvae of Chrysoperla sinica(Neuroptera:Chrysopidae).Acta Entomologica Sinica,57(1):52-60(in Chinese)[陈珍珍,卢虹,王跃骅,曹艳霞,于金凤,印象初,许永玉.2014.光周期对中华通草蛉自然越冬成虫及实验种群幼虫耐寒能力的影响.昆虫学报,57(1):52-60]
Chen ZZ,Zhao N,Yin XC,Zhang F,Xu YY.2013.Physiological and biochemical changes in naturally overwintering adults of Chrysoperla sinica(Neuroptera:Chrysopidae)during diapause termination under two different photoperiods.Acta Entomologica Sinica,56(2):120-130(in Chinese)[陈珍珍,赵楠,印象初,张帆,许永玉.2013.中华通草蛉自然越冬成虫在两种光周期下滞育解除过程中的生理生化变化.昆虫学报,56(2):120-130]
Deng XX,Wang JG,Jiang HL,He ZM,Ma TW,Peng J.2012.Study of the adaptability of the potato beetles’natural population to photoperiod.Journal of Shihezi University(Natural Science),30(2):157-161(in Chinese)[邓小霞,王俊刚,江海澜,何泽敏,马天文,彭俊.2012.马铃薯甲虫自然种群对光周期的适应性研究.石河子大学学报,30(2):157-161]
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Guo JQ,Zhang HG,Wang ZY,He KL.2013.Effects of photoperiod and temperature on diapause induction in Ostrinia furnacalis.Acta Entomologica Sinica,56(9):996-1003(in Chinese)[郭建青,张洪刚,王振营,何康来.2013.光周期和温度对亚洲玉米螟滞育诱导的影响.昆虫学报,56(9):996-1003]
Huang SH,Jiang XF,Luo LZ.2009.Effects of photoperiod and temperature on diapause induction in the beet webworm Loxostege sticticalis Linnaeus(Lepidoptera:Pyralidae).Acta Entomologica Sinica,52(3):274-280(in Chinese)[黄少虹,江幸福,罗礼智.2009.光周期和温度对草地螟滞育诱导的影响.昆虫学报,52(3):274-280]
Huang SJ,Qin HG,Huang RH.2002.Effect of photoperiod and temperature on diapause of Pieris rapae.Acta Agriculturae Jiangxi,14(2):29-32(in Chinese)[黄水金,秦厚国,黄荣华.2002.光周期和温度对菜粉蝶滞育的影响.江西农业学报,14(2):29-32]
Jiang JY,Xi ZY.2006.Review on new dynamics of crop diseases and pests in Hebei Province in 2005.China Plant Protection,26(7):45-47(in Chinese)[姜京宇,席建英.2006.河北省2005年农作物病虫新动态概述.中国植保导刊,26(7):45-47]
Jiang XF,Yao R,Lin ZF,Zhang L,Lou LZ.2011.Morphological and biological characteristics of Athesis lepigone.Plant Protection,37(6):134-137(in Chinese)[江幸福,姚瑞,林珠风,张蕾,罗礼智.2011.二点委夜蛾形态特征及生物学特征.植物保护,37(6):134-137]
Li M,Peng B,Liu X,Si SY.2012.Wintering habits and control techniques of Agrotis ypsilon Rottemberg.Journal of Changjiang Vegetables,1(3):46-47(in Chinese)[李芒,彭斌,刘鑫,司升云.2012.小地老虎越冬习性及防治技术.长江蔬菜,1(3):46-47]
Liang FF,Wang ZY,He KL,Zhang TT,Bai SX.2016.Effects of brief exposure to high temperature in the larval stage on the survival and fecundity of Athetis lepigone(Lepidoptera:Noctuidae).Acta Entomologica Sinica,59(9):991-996(in Chinese)[梁菲菲,王振营,何康来,张天涛,白树雄.2016.幼虫期短时高温暴露对二点委夜蛾存活和繁殖的影响.昆虫学报,59(9):991-996]
Liu YY,Luo JC,Zhou ZX,Zhang DW,Wei YH.2015.Effects of photoperiod and temperature on diapause induction in the codling moth Cydia pomonella(L.)(Lepidoptera:Olethreutidae).Journal of Plant Protection,42(1):39-44(in Chinese)[刘月英,罗进仓,周昭旭,张大为,魏玉红.2015.光周期和温度对苹果蠢蛾滞育诱导的影响.植物保护学报,42(1):39-44]
Ma JF,Li LT,Gan YJ,Dong L,Dong ZP.2014.Effect of humidity on development and reproduction of Athetis lepigone(M?schler).China Plant Protection,34(7):46-50(in Chinese)[马继芳,李立涛,甘耀进,董立,董志平.2014.湿度对二点委夜蛾生长发育及繁殖的影响.中国植保导刊,34(7):46-50]
Mo H,Jang KB,Park JJ,Lee SE,Shin K,Lee JH,Cho K.2013.Interactive effect of diet and temperature on instar numbers in Spodoptera litura,with reference to head capsule width and weight.Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology,16(4):521-525
Pérez-Hedo M,Goodman WG,Schafellner C,Martini A,Sehnal F,Eizaguirre M.2011.Control of larval-pupal-adult molt in the moth Sesamia nonagrioides by juvenile hormone and ecdysteroids.Journal of Insect Physiology,57(5):602-607
Shan XN,Yang PY,Zhao ZH,Yan DL,Wang XY.2011.Occurrence reason and control countermeasure of Athens lepigone in the corn field in 2011.China Plant Protection,31(8):20-22(in Chinese)[单绪南,杨普云,赵中华,闫德龙,王向阳.2011.2011年玉米田二点委夜蛾发生原因及防治对策.中国植保导刊,31(8):20-22]
Wang XP,Zhou XM,Zhu F,Lei CJ.2007.Over-wintering and oversummering of adults of the brassica leaf beetle,Phaedon brassicae:concurrence of diapause and quiescence.Chinese Bulletin of Entomology,44(5):652-655(in Chinese)[王小平,周兴苗,朱芳,雷朝亮.2007.小猿叶甲成虫越冬和越夏:滞育和休眠同时存在.昆虫知识,44(5):652-655]
Wang Y,Chen FS,Zhang HM,Chen ZQ,Yang YX.2014.Study on photoperiod induction to undevelopment of pupae Diadegma semiclausum Hellen under low temperature.Journal of Environmental Entomology,36(6):1065-1070(in Chinese)[王燕,陈福寿,张红梅,陈宗麒,杨艳鲜.2014.低温下光周期诱导半闭弯尾姬蜂蛹休眠研究.环境昆虫学报,36(6):1065-1070]
Yang C.2013.Studies on occurrence dynamics and important ecological characteristics of Athetis lepigone in Taian.Ph.D Thesis.Tai’an:Shandong Agricultural University(in Chinese)[杨超.2013.泰安地区二点委夜蛾的发生规律和重要生态学特性的研究.硕士学位论文.泰安:山东农业大学]
Zhang FP,Fu YG,Peng ZQ,Wang B,Zhang JB,Jin Q.2010.Effects of temperature and photoperiod on the development and reproduction of Coccophagus ceroplastae.Acta Ecologica Sinica,30(5):1280-1286(in Chinese)[张方平,符悦冠,彭正强,王帮,张敬宝,金启安.2010.温度和光周期对斑翅食蚧蚜小蜂发育与繁殖的影响.生态学报,30(5):1280-1286]
Zhang W,Liu S,Li N,Chen J,He YZ,Qin QJ.2014.Effects of photoperiods on adult diapause of Harmonia axyridis(Pallas).Journal of Plant Protection,41(4):495-500(in Chinese)[张伟,刘顺,李娜,陈洁,何运转,秦秋菊.2014.光周期对异色瓢虫生殖滞育的影响.植物保护学报,41(4):495-500]
Zhang XX.2002.Insect ecology&forecast.Beijing:China Agriculture Press,77-83(in Chinese)[张孝羲.2002.昆虫生态及预测预报.北京:中国农业出版社,pp.77-83]
Zhao LQ,Zhu DH,Zhen Y.2009.Effect of photoperiod on the nymphal development of Pteronemobius gifuensis.Journal of Central South University of Forestry&Technology,29(5):87-90(in Chinese)[赵吕权,朱道弘,曾杨.2009.光周期对歧阜异针蟋若虫发育的影响.中南林业科技大学学报,29(5):87-90]
Zhu N,Wang YB,Zhang HQ,Zheng L,Liu S,Wei GS.2011.The effect of photoperiod and temperature on the growth and development of Encarsia formosa.Journal of Plant Protection,38(4):381-382(in Chinese)[朱楠,王玉波,张海强,郑礼,刘顺,魏国强.2011.光周期、温度对丽蚜小蜂生长发育的影响.植物保护学报,38(4):381-382]
Chen GP,Hao SG,Pang BP,Kang L.2009.Effect of photoperiod on the development,survival,eclosion and reproduction of 4th instar nymph of three grasshopper species in Inner Mongolia.Chinese Bulletin of Entomology,46(1):51-56(in Chinese)[陈广平,郝树广,庞保平,康乐.2009.光周期对内蒙古三种草原蝗虫高龄若虫发育、存活、羽化、生殖的影响.昆虫知识,46(1):51-56]
Chen ZZ,Lu H,Wang YH,Cao YX,Yu JF,Yin XC,Xu YY.2014.Effect of tow different photoperiods on cold hardiness of naturally over-wintering adults and laboratory-bred larvae of Chrysoperla sinica(Neuroptera:Chrysopidae).Acta Entomologica Sinica,57(1):52-60(in Chinese)[陈珍珍,卢虹,王跃骅,曹艳霞,于金凤,印象初,许永玉.2014.光周期对中华通草蛉自然越冬成虫及实验种群幼虫耐寒能力的影响.昆虫学报,57(1):52-60]
Chen ZZ,Zhao N,Yin XC,Zhang F,Xu YY.2013.Physiological and biochemical changes in naturally overwintering adults of Chrysoperla sinica(Neuroptera:Chrysopidae)during diapause termination under two different photoperiods.Acta Entomologica Sinica,56(2):120-130(in Chinese)[陈珍珍,赵楠,印象初,张帆,许永玉.2013.中华通草蛉自然越冬成虫在两种光周期下滞育解除过程中的生理生化变化.昆虫学报,56(2):120-130]
Deng XX,Wang JG,Jiang HL,He ZM,Ma TW,Peng J.2012.Study of the adaptability of the potato beetles’natural population to photoperiod.Journal of Shihezi University(Natural Science),30(2):157-161(in Chinese)[邓小霞,王俊刚,江海澜,何泽敏,马天文,彭俊.2012.马铃薯甲虫自然种群对光周期的适应性研究.石河子大学学报,30(2):157-161]
Dolezal P,Habw?továO,Sehnal F.2007.Effects of photoperiod and temperature on the rate of larval development,food conversion efficiency,and imaginal diapause in Leptinotarsa decemlineata.Journal of Insect Physiology,53(1):849-857
Guo JQ,Zhang HG,Wang ZY,He KL.2013.Effects of photoperiod and temperature on diapause induction in Ostrinia furnacalis.Acta Entomologica Sinica,56(9):996-1003(in Chinese)[郭建青,张洪刚,王振营,何康来.2013.光周期和温度对亚洲玉米螟滞育诱导的影响.昆虫学报,56(9):996-1003]
Huang SH,Jiang XF,Luo LZ.2009.Effects of photoperiod and temperature on diapause induction in the beet webworm Loxostege sticticalis Linnaeus(Lepidoptera:Pyralidae).Acta Entomologica Sinica,52(3):274-280(in Chinese)[黄少虹,江幸福,罗礼智.2009.光周期和温度对草地螟滞育诱导的影响.昆虫学报,52(3):274-280]
Huang SJ,Qin HG,Huang RH.2002.Effect of photoperiod and temperature on diapause of Pieris rapae.Acta Agriculturae Jiangxi,14(2):29-32(in Chinese)[黄水金,秦厚国,黄荣华.2002.光周期和温度对菜粉蝶滞育的影响.江西农业学报,14(2):29-32]
Jiang JY,Xi ZY.2006.Review on new dynamics of crop diseases and pests in Hebei Province in 2005.China Plant Protection,26(7):45-47(in Chinese)[姜京宇,席建英.2006.河北省2005年农作物病虫新动态概述.中国植保导刊,26(7):45-47]
Jiang XF,Yao R,Lin ZF,Zhang L,Lou LZ.2011.Morphological and biological characteristics of Athesis lepigone.Plant Protection,37(6):134-137(in Chinese)[江幸福,姚瑞,林珠风,张蕾,罗礼智.2011.二点委夜蛾形态特征及生物学特征.植物保护,37(6):134-137]
Li M,Peng B,Liu X,Si SY.2012.Wintering habits and control techniques of Agrotis ypsilon Rottemberg.Journal of Changjiang Vegetables,1(3):46-47(in Chinese)[李芒,彭斌,刘鑫,司升云.2012.小地老虎越冬习性及防治技术.长江蔬菜,1(3):46-47]
Liang FF,Wang ZY,He KL,Zhang TT,Bai SX.2016.Effects of brief exposure to high temperature in the larval stage on the survival and fecundity of Athetis lepigone(Lepidoptera:Noctuidae).Acta Entomologica Sinica,59(9):991-996(in Chinese)[梁菲菲,王振营,何康来,张天涛,白树雄.2016.幼虫期短时高温暴露对二点委夜蛾存活和繁殖的影响.昆虫学报,59(9):991-996]
Liu YY,Luo JC,Zhou ZX,Zhang DW,Wei YH.2015.Effects of photoperiod and temperature on diapause induction in the codling moth Cydia pomonella(L.)(Lepidoptera:Olethreutidae).Journal of Plant Protection,42(1):39-44(in Chinese)[刘月英,罗进仓,周昭旭,张大为,魏玉红.2015.光周期和温度对苹果蠢蛾滞育诱导的影响.植物保护学报,42(1):39-44]
Ma JF,Li LT,Gan YJ,Dong L,Dong ZP.2014.Effect of humidity on development and reproduction of Athetis lepigone(M?schler).China Plant Protection,34(7):46-50(in Chinese)[马继芳,李立涛,甘耀进,董立,董志平.2014.湿度对二点委夜蛾生长发育及繁殖的影响.中国植保导刊,34(7):46-50]
Mo H,Jang KB,Park JJ,Lee SE,Shin K,Lee JH,Cho K.2013.Interactive effect of diet and temperature on instar numbers in Spodoptera litura,with reference to head capsule width and weight.Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology,16(4):521-525
Pérez-Hedo M,Goodman WG,Schafellner C,Martini A,Sehnal F,Eizaguirre M.2011.Control of larval-pupal-adult molt in the moth Sesamia nonagrioides by juvenile hormone and ecdysteroids.Journal of Insect Physiology,57(5):602-607
Shan XN,Yang PY,Zhao ZH,Yan DL,Wang XY.2011.Occurrence reason and control countermeasure of Athens lepigone in the corn field in 2011.China Plant Protection,31(8):20-22(in Chinese)[单绪南,杨普云,赵中华,闫德龙,王向阳.2011.2011年玉米田二点委夜蛾发生原因及防治对策.中国植保导刊,31(8):20-22]
Wang XP,Zhou XM,Zhu F,Lei CJ.2007.Over-wintering and oversummering of adults of the brassica leaf beetle,Phaedon brassicae:concurrence of diapause and quiescence.Chinese Bulletin of Entomology,44(5):652-655(in Chinese)[王小平,周兴苗,朱芳,雷朝亮.2007.小猿叶甲成虫越冬和越夏:滞育和休眠同时存在.昆虫知识,44(5):652-655]
Wang Y,Chen FS,Zhang HM,Chen ZQ,Yang YX.2014.Study on photoperiod induction to undevelopment of pupae Diadegma semiclausum Hellen under low temperature.Journal of Environmental Entomology,36(6):1065-1070(in Chinese)[王燕,陈福寿,张红梅,陈宗麒,杨艳鲜.2014.低温下光周期诱导半闭弯尾姬蜂蛹休眠研究.环境昆虫学报,36(6):1065-1070]
Yang C.2013.Studies on occurrence dynamics and important ecological characteristics of Athetis lepigone in Taian.Ph.D Thesis.Tai’an:Shandong Agricultural University(in Chinese)[杨超.2013.泰安地区二点委夜蛾的发生规律和重要生态学特性的研究.硕士学位论文.泰安:山东农业大学]
Zhang FP,Fu YG,Peng ZQ,Wang B,Zhang JB,Jin Q.2010.Effects of temperature and photoperiod on the development and reproduction of Coccophagus ceroplastae.Acta Ecologica Sinica,30(5):1280-1286(in Chinese)[张方平,符悦冠,彭正强,王帮,张敬宝,金启安.2010.温度和光周期对斑翅食蚧蚜小蜂发育与繁殖的影响.生态学报,30(5):1280-1286]
Zhang W,Liu S,Li N,Chen J,He YZ,Qin QJ.2014.Effects of photoperiods on adult diapause of Harmonia axyridis(Pallas).Journal of Plant Protection,41(4):495-500(in Chinese)[张伟,刘顺,李娜,陈洁,何运转,秦秋菊.2014.光周期对异色瓢虫生殖滞育的影响.植物保护学报,41(4):495-500]
Zhang XX.2002.Insect ecology&forecast.Beijing:China Agriculture Press,77-83(in Chinese)[张孝羲.2002.昆虫生态及预测预报.北京:中国农业出版社,pp.77-83]
Zhao LQ,Zhu DH,Zhen Y.2009.Effect of photoperiod on the nymphal development of Pteronemobius gifuensis.Journal of Central South University of Forestry&Technology,29(5):87-90(in Chinese)[赵吕权,朱道弘,曾杨.2009.光周期对歧阜异针蟋若虫发育的影响.中南林业科技大学学报,29(5):87-90]
Zhu N,Wang YB,Zhang HQ,Zheng L,Liu S,Wei GS.2011.The effect of photoperiod and temperature on the growth and development of Encarsia formosa.Journal of Plant Protection,38(4):381-382(in Chinese)[朱楠,王玉波,张海强,郑礼,刘顺,魏国强.2011.光周期、温度对丽蚜小蜂生长发育的影响.植物保护学报,38(4):381-382]