无抗发酵饲粮对猪小肠黏膜形态和杯状细胞的影响
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摘要
本试验旨在研究无抗发酵饲粮对猪小肠黏膜形态和杯状细胞的影响。试验选取遗传背景相似的初生健康乳猪120头,随机分为试验组和对照组,每组6个重复,每个重复10头猪。对照组饲喂含抗生素的基础饲粮,试验组饲喂以10%发酵饲粮代替部分无抗生素基础饲粮的试验饲粮,营养和能量水平调到与对照组相当。结果表明:1)试验组和对照组在小肠黏膜形态上有一定的差异。2)在44日龄时,试验组空肠绒毛高度比对照组提高7.19%(P<0.05)。在44和75日龄时,试验组回肠绒毛高度显著高于对照组(P <0.05)。3)对照组十二指肠、空肠、回肠隐窝深度均高于试验组,但差异不显著(P>0.05)。4)在44日龄时,试验组回肠绒毛高度/隐窝深度(V/C)比对照组提高17.18%(P<0.01)。5)在44日龄时,对照组十二指肠、空肠和回肠黏膜上皮间杯状细胞数量极显著高于试验组(P<0.01)。在75日龄时,对照组十二指肠黏膜上皮间杯状细胞数量极显著高于试验组(P<0.01)。综上所述,无抗发酵饲粮能改善小肠黏膜形态,增大吸收面积,从而促进小肠对营养物质的吸收。
This experiment was conducted to study the effects of fermentation diet without antibiotic on morphology of intestinal mucosa and goblet cells for piglets. A total of 120 suckling piglets with similar body weight were randomly divided into control group and test group with 6 replicates per group and 10 piglets per replicate. Piglets in the control groups were fed the basal diet containing antibiotics; piglets in the test group were fed the non-antibiotic basal diet with 10% fermentation diet,and its levels of nutrition and energy were the same as the control group. The results showed as follows: 1) there was a certain difference in mucosal morphology between the test group and the control group. 2) At 44 days of age,the villus height of jejunum in test group was significantly increased by 7.19% compared with control group( P<0.05). At 44 and 75 days of age,the villus height of ileum in test group was significantly higher than that in control group( P < 0.05). 3) Crypt depth of duodenum,jejunum,ileum in the test group was lower than that of the control group,but not significant( P > 0.05). 4) At 44 days of age,villus height/crypt depth( V/C) of ileum in test group was significantly increased by 17.18% compared with the control group( P<0.05). 5) At 44 days of age,the number of goblet cells of duodenum,jejunum and ileum in control group was significantly higher than that in test group( P < 0. 01). At 75 days of age,the number of goblet cells of duodenal in control group was significantly higher than that in the control group( P<0.01). In conclusion,the fermentation diet without antibiotic can improve the intestinal mucosa morphology and enlarge the absorption area,thus promoting absorption of nutrients by small intestine.
This experiment was conducted to study the effects of fermentation diet without antibiotic on morphology of intestinal mucosa and goblet cells for piglets. A total of 120 suckling piglets with similar body weight were randomly divided into control group and test group with 6 replicates per group and 10 piglets per replicate. Piglets in the control groups were fed the basal diet containing antibiotics; piglets in the test group were fed the non-antibiotic basal diet with 10% fermentation diet,and its levels of nutrition and energy were the same as the control group. The results showed as follows: 1) there was a certain difference in mucosal morphology between the test group and the control group. 2) At 44 days of age,the villus height of jejunum in test group was significantly increased by 7.19% compared with control group( P<0.05). At 44 and 75 days of age,the villus height of ileum in test group was significantly higher than that in control group( P < 0.05). 3) Crypt depth of duodenum,jejunum,ileum in the test group was lower than that of the control group,but not significant( P > 0.05). 4) At 44 days of age,villus height/crypt depth( V/C) of ileum in test group was significantly increased by 17.18% compared with the control group( P<0.05). 5) At 44 days of age,the number of goblet cells of duodenum,jejunum and ileum in control group was significantly higher than that in test group( P < 0. 01). At 75 days of age,the number of goblet cells of duodenal in control group was significantly higher than that in the control group( P<0.01). In conclusion,the fermentation diet without antibiotic can improve the intestinal mucosa morphology and enlarge the absorption area,thus promoting absorption of nutrients by small intestine.
引文
[1]张俊,朱建津,刘江英,等.益生菌发酵产物对肉鸡肠道形态和肠道屏障功能的影响[J].浙江农业学报,2016,28(10):1657-1662.
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[9]康丽慧.饲喂无抗生素发酵饲料猪消化指标及增重的测定[D].硕士学位论文.新乡:河南科技学院,2016:13-16.
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[11]廖珂.不同处理豆粕及嗜酸乳杆菌对断奶仔猪生长性能、肠黏膜屏障功能的影响[D].硕士学位论文.南昌:江西农业大学,2016:5-8.
[12]李涛,曾东,倪学勤,等.乳酸杆菌发酵饲料对猪生长性能和肉质及血清抗氧化性能的影响[J].湖南农业大学学报(自然科学版),2014,40(2):192-195.
[13]WANG Y,LU W Q,LI D F,et al.Energy and ileal digestible amino acid concentrations for growing pigs and performance of weanling pigs fed fermented or conventional soybean meal[J].Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences,2014,27(5):706-716.
[14]王继凤.丁酸钠对断奶仔猪肠黏膜结构及黏膜免疫相关细胞影响的研究[D].硕士学位论文.北京:中国农业大学,2005:8-9.
[15]WOYENGO T A,KIARIE E,NYACHOTI C M.Metabolizable energy and standardized ileal digestible amino acid contents of expeller-extracted canola meal fed to broiler chicks[J].Poultry Science,2010,89(6):1182-1189.
[16]邓军.枯草芽孢杆菌和猪源乳酸杆菌混合饲喂对新生仔猪先天免疫系统的影响[D].硕士学位论文.南京:南京农业大学,2012:4-8.
[17]庞敏,卢庆萍,夏冰,等.酪酸梭菌对断奶仔猪生长性能、肠道组织形态及肠道通透性的影响[J].动物营养学报,2016,28(7):2113-2121.
[18]BARBA-VIDAL E,MARTN-ORUE S M,CASTILLE-JOS L.Review:are we using probiotics correctly in postweaning piglets?[J].Animal,2018:1-10,doi:10.1017/S1751731118000873.
[19]FENG J,LIU X,XU Z R,et al.Effect of fermented soybean meal on intestinal morphology and digestive enzyme activities in weaned piglets[J].Digestive Diseases and Sciences,2007,52(8):1845-1850.
[20]PATEL R M,MYERS L S,KURUNDKAR A R,et al.Probiotic bacteria induce maturation of intestinal claudin 3 expression and barrier function[J].The American Journal of Pathology,2012,180(2):626-635.
[21]RESTA-LENERT S,BARRETT K E.Live probiotics protect intestinal epithelial cells from the effects of infection with enteroinvasive Escherichia coli(EIEC)[J].Gut,2003,52(7):988-997.
[22]ANDERSON R C,COOKSON A L,MCNABB W C,et al.Lactobacillus plantarum MB452 enhances the function of the intestinal barrier by increasing the expression levels of genes involved in tight junction formation[J].Bio Med Central Microbiology,2010,10:316.
[23]董文逍,曹海龙,王邦茂.杯状细胞在肠道疾病发病中作用的研究进展[J].国际消化病杂志,2015,35(4):244-246,269.
[24]隋欣.益生菌对雏鸡肠道杯状细胞数量及黏蛋白2含量的影响[D].硕士学位论文.哈尔滨:东北农业大学,2014:4-5.
[25]朱广蕊.鸭源性传染性支气管炎病毒ZZ2004株人工感染肉仔鸡肠道的病理学研究[D].硕士学位论文.新乡:河南科技学院,2012:27.
[26]张献彩.糖尿病小鼠小肠绒毛杯状细胞分泌黏原颗粒的变化[J].山西医科大学学报,2014,45(12):1127-1128.
[2]崔艳红,韩庆功,崔艺佳,等.益生菌复合发酵料对断奶仔猪消化环境、血清生化指标和代谢激素水平的影响[J].西北农业学报,2018,27(1):16-23.
[3]袁文华,赵文文,袁慧坤,等.无抗发酵饲料在动物生产上的应用研究进展[J].黑龙江畜牧兽医,2018(9):59-62.
[4]张秀林,魏小兵,欧长波,等.益生菌发酵饲料对仔猪生长和免疫功能影响的研究进展[J].中国畜牧兽医,2017,44(2):476-481.
[5]康丽慧,黄亚明,刘兴友,等.无抗生素发酵饲料对仔猪生长性能和粪便微生物的影响[J].黑龙江畜牧兽医,2017(3):177-179.
[6]GIPSON I K.Goblet cells of the conjunctiva:a review of recent findings[J].Progress in Retinal and Eye Research,2016,54:49-63.
[7]MCCAULEY H A,GUASCH G.Three cheers for the goblet cell:maintaining homeostasis in mucosal epithelia[J].Trends in Molecular Medicine,2015,21(8):492-503.
[8]贺琴,王自蕊,游金明,等.酵母壁多糖对断奶仔猪生长性能和小肠黏膜形态结构的影响[J].动物营养学报,2016,28(11):3536-3541.
[9]康丽慧.饲喂无抗生素发酵饲料猪消化指标及增重的测定[D].硕士学位论文.新乡:河南科技学院,2016:13-16.
[10]LIAO S F,NYACHOTI M.Using probiotics to improve swine gut health and nutrient utilization[J].Animal Nutrition,2017,3(4):331-343.
[11]廖珂.不同处理豆粕及嗜酸乳杆菌对断奶仔猪生长性能、肠黏膜屏障功能的影响[D].硕士学位论文.南昌:江西农业大学,2016:5-8.
[12]李涛,曾东,倪学勤,等.乳酸杆菌发酵饲料对猪生长性能和肉质及血清抗氧化性能的影响[J].湖南农业大学学报(自然科学版),2014,40(2):192-195.
[13]WANG Y,LU W Q,LI D F,et al.Energy and ileal digestible amino acid concentrations for growing pigs and performance of weanling pigs fed fermented or conventional soybean meal[J].Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences,2014,27(5):706-716.
[14]王继凤.丁酸钠对断奶仔猪肠黏膜结构及黏膜免疫相关细胞影响的研究[D].硕士学位论文.北京:中国农业大学,2005:8-9.
[15]WOYENGO T A,KIARIE E,NYACHOTI C M.Metabolizable energy and standardized ileal digestible amino acid contents of expeller-extracted canola meal fed to broiler chicks[J].Poultry Science,2010,89(6):1182-1189.
[16]邓军.枯草芽孢杆菌和猪源乳酸杆菌混合饲喂对新生仔猪先天免疫系统的影响[D].硕士学位论文.南京:南京农业大学,2012:4-8.
[17]庞敏,卢庆萍,夏冰,等.酪酸梭菌对断奶仔猪生长性能、肠道组织形态及肠道通透性的影响[J].动物营养学报,2016,28(7):2113-2121.
[18]BARBA-VIDAL E,MARTN-ORUE S M,CASTILLE-JOS L.Review:are we using probiotics correctly in postweaning piglets?[J].Animal,2018:1-10,doi:10.1017/S1751731118000873.
[19]FENG J,LIU X,XU Z R,et al.Effect of fermented soybean meal on intestinal morphology and digestive enzyme activities in weaned piglets[J].Digestive Diseases and Sciences,2007,52(8):1845-1850.
[20]PATEL R M,MYERS L S,KURUNDKAR A R,et al.Probiotic bacteria induce maturation of intestinal claudin 3 expression and barrier function[J].The American Journal of Pathology,2012,180(2):626-635.
[21]RESTA-LENERT S,BARRETT K E.Live probiotics protect intestinal epithelial cells from the effects of infection with enteroinvasive Escherichia coli(EIEC)[J].Gut,2003,52(7):988-997.
[22]ANDERSON R C,COOKSON A L,MCNABB W C,et al.Lactobacillus plantarum MB452 enhances the function of the intestinal barrier by increasing the expression levels of genes involved in tight junction formation[J].Bio Med Central Microbiology,2010,10:316.
[23]董文逍,曹海龙,王邦茂.杯状细胞在肠道疾病发病中作用的研究进展[J].国际消化病杂志,2015,35(4):244-246,269.
[24]隋欣.益生菌对雏鸡肠道杯状细胞数量及黏蛋白2含量的影响[D].硕士学位论文.哈尔滨:东北农业大学,2014:4-5.
[25]朱广蕊.鸭源性传染性支气管炎病毒ZZ2004株人工感染肉仔鸡肠道的病理学研究[D].硕士学位论文.新乡:河南科技学院,2012:27.
[26]张献彩.糖尿病小鼠小肠绒毛杯状细胞分泌黏原颗粒的变化[J].山西医科大学学报,2014,45(12):1127-1128.