湖北省钟祥市粘虫发生规律研究
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摘要
为了明确粘虫Mythimna separata(Walker)在湖北省钟祥市的发生规律,对小麦玉米轮作田粘虫成虫和幼虫种群的发生动态、粘虫雌蛾卵巢发育进度以及粘虫越冬虫量作了调查,分析了粘虫种群虫源性质。结果表明,钟祥市为1代粘虫多发区,其虫源为外地迁入的越冬代成虫,1代粘虫危害高峰期在4月中下旬,羽化盛期在5月中下旬,羽化后以迁出为主。第2代粘虫发生量很小,羽化后基本全部迁出;在田间未调查到第3代粘虫幼虫,本区发现的第3代成虫可能为由北方南迁的过境种群;第4代粘虫发生量也很小,羽化后全部迁出,不在本区繁殖危害。在田间未调查到准备越冬的粘虫。
To make clear the occurrence regularity of armyworm,Mythimna separata( Walker) in Zhongxiang city,Hubei Province,the occurrence dynamics of adults and larvae,grade of ovary of female moth and overwintering number of armyworm were investigated,at the same time analyzed the type of migrant population. The results showed that the occurrence amount of the first generation is maximum,adults of overwintering generation that immigrate from other places to Zhongxiang are the pest source. The damage peak period of the first generation is mid-late April and the peak period of eclosion is mid-late May,then mainly emigrate to other places. The occurrence amount of the second generation is small,almost all of adults of this generation emigrate to other places. Larva of the third generation was not found in the farmland,adults of this generation probably belong to a transit population. The occurrence amount of the fourth generation is small,almost all of adults of this generation emigrate to other places too.Overwintering larva or pupa was not found in the farmland.
To make clear the occurrence regularity of armyworm,Mythimna separata( Walker) in Zhongxiang city,Hubei Province,the occurrence dynamics of adults and larvae,grade of ovary of female moth and overwintering number of armyworm were investigated,at the same time analyzed the type of migrant population. The results showed that the occurrence amount of the first generation is maximum,adults of overwintering generation that immigrate from other places to Zhongxiang are the pest source. The damage peak period of the first generation is mid-late April and the peak period of eclosion is mid-late May,then mainly emigrate to other places. The occurrence amount of the second generation is small,almost all of adults of this generation emigrate to other places. Larva of the third generation was not found in the farmland,adults of this generation probably belong to a transit population. The occurrence amount of the fourth generation is small,almost all of adults of this generation emigrate to other places too.Overwintering larva or pupa was not found in the farmland.
引文
Chen JA.Occurrence characteristics and comprehensive treatment techniques of wheat armyworm[J].Guizhou Agricultural Sciences,2014,42(1):94-97.[陈金安.小麦粘虫的发生特点与综合治理技术[J].贵州农业科学,2014,42(1):94-97]
Chen RL,Bao XZ,Drake VA,et al.Radar observations of the spring migration into northeastern China of the oriental armyworm moth,Mythimna separata,and other insects[J].Ecological Entomology,1989,14(2):149-162.
Feng HQ,Zhao XC,Wu XF,et al.Autumn migration of Mythimna separata(Lepidoptera:Noctuidae)over the Bohai Sea in northern China[J].Environmental Entomology,2008,37(3):774-781.
Hu G,Wu QL,Wu XW,et al.Outbreak mechanism of second generation armyworms in northeastern China:A case study in 1980[J].Chinese Journal of Applied Entomology,2014,51(4):943-957.[胡高,吴秋琳,武向文,等.东北二代粘虫大发生机制:1980年个例分析[J].应用昆虫学报,2014,51(4):943-957]
Jiang XF,Liu RQ,Luo LZ,et al.Effects of high temperature on the immature stages of the oriental armyworm Mythimna separata Walker[J].Journal of Beijing Agricultural College,1998,13(2):20-26.[江幸福,刘悦秋,罗礼智,等.高温对粘虫未成熟期生长发育的影响[J].北京农学院学报,1998,13(2):20-26]
Jiang XF,Luo LZ.Comparison of behavioral and physiological characteristics between the emigrant and immigrant populations of the oriental armyworm,Mythimna separata(Walker)[J].Acta Entomologica Sinica,2005,48(1):61-67.[江幸福,罗礼智.粘虫迁出与迁入种群的行为和生理特性比较[J].昆虫学报,2005,48(1):61-67]
Jiang XF,Zhang L,Cheng YX,et al.Current status and trends in research on the oriental armyworm,Mythimna separata(Walker)in China[J].Chinese Journal of Applied Entomology,2014,51(4):881-889.[江幸福,张蕾,程云霞,等.我国粘虫研究现状及发展趋势[J].应用昆虫学报,2014,51(4):881-889]
Jiang YY,Qu XF,Xia B,et al.GB/T15798-2009,Rules for Investigation and Forecast of the Armyworm[Pseudaletia(Mythimna)separata Walker][S].Beijing:Standards Press of China,2009.[姜玉英,屈西峰,夏冰,等.GB/T15798-2009,粘虫测报调查规范[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2009]
Jiang YY,Zeng J,Lu MH,et al.Occurrence trend forecast of the major diseases and insect pests of main crops in China in 2014[J].Plant Protection,2014,40(2):1-4.[姜玉英,曾娟,陆明红,等.2014年全国主要粮食作物重大病虫害发生趋势预报[J].植物保护,2014,40(2):1-4]
Johnson CG.Migration and Dispersal of Insects by Flight[M].London:Methuen,1969,1-763.
Kou CX,Liu XC,Sun K,et al.Suitable planting density of semilate rice in Zhongxiang City[J].Hubei Agricultural Sciences,2015,54(10):2328-2331.[寇从贤,刘小春,孙科,等.钟祥市中稻适宜栽插密度[J].湖北农业科学,2015,54(10):2328-2331]
Li KP,Woon HH,Woo WS.Route of the seasonal migration of the oriental armyworm moth in the eastern part of China as indicated by a three-year result of releasing and recapturing of marked moths[J].Acta Phytophylacica Sinica,1964,3(2):101-110.[李光博,王恒祥,胡文绣.粘虫季节性迁飞为害假说及标记回收试验[J].植物保护学报,1964,3(2):101-110]
Li SH.The relationship between climate change and pest generation reproduction,overwintering and migration flight[J].Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Sinica,1994,9(2):110-114.[李淑华.气候变化与害虫的生长繁殖、越冬和迁飞[J].华北农学报,1994,9(2):110-114]
Luo LZ,Jiang XF,Li KB,et al.Influences of flight on reproduction and longevity of the oriental armyworm,Mythimna separate(walker)[J].Acta Entomologica Sinica,1999,42(2):39-47.[罗礼智,江幸福,李克斌,等.粘虫飞行对生殖及寿命的影响[J].昆虫学报,1999,42(2):39-47]
Lv WX,Jiang XF,Zhang L,et al.Effect of different tethered flight durations on the reproduction and adult longevity of Mythimna separata(Lepidoptera:Noctuidae)[J].Chinese Journal of Applied Entomology,2014,51(4):914-921.[吕伟祥,江幸福,张蕾,等.一日龄粘虫不同时长吊飞对生殖及寿命的影响[J].应用昆虫学报,2014,51(4):914-921]
Rankin MA,Burchsted JCA.The cost of migration in insects[J].Annual Review of Entomology,1992,37(1):533-559.
Socha R,Sula J.Flight muscles polymorphism in a flightless bug,Pyrrhocoris apterus(L.):Developmental pattern,biochemical profile and endocrine control[J].Journal of Insect Physiology,2006,52(3):231-239.
Zhang YH,Zhang Z,Jiang YY,et al.Preliminary analysis of the outbreak of the third-generation armyworm Mythimna separata in China in 2012[J].Plant Protection,2012,38(5):1-8.[张云慧,张智,姜玉英,等.2012年三代黏虫大发生原因初步分析[J].植物保护,2012,38(5):1-8]
Chen RL,Bao XZ,Drake VA,et al.Radar observations of the spring migration into northeastern China of the oriental armyworm moth,Mythimna separata,and other insects[J].Ecological Entomology,1989,14(2):149-162.
Feng HQ,Zhao XC,Wu XF,et al.Autumn migration of Mythimna separata(Lepidoptera:Noctuidae)over the Bohai Sea in northern China[J].Environmental Entomology,2008,37(3):774-781.
Hu G,Wu QL,Wu XW,et al.Outbreak mechanism of second generation armyworms in northeastern China:A case study in 1980[J].Chinese Journal of Applied Entomology,2014,51(4):943-957.[胡高,吴秋琳,武向文,等.东北二代粘虫大发生机制:1980年个例分析[J].应用昆虫学报,2014,51(4):943-957]
Jiang XF,Liu RQ,Luo LZ,et al.Effects of high temperature on the immature stages of the oriental armyworm Mythimna separata Walker[J].Journal of Beijing Agricultural College,1998,13(2):20-26.[江幸福,刘悦秋,罗礼智,等.高温对粘虫未成熟期生长发育的影响[J].北京农学院学报,1998,13(2):20-26]
Jiang XF,Luo LZ.Comparison of behavioral and physiological characteristics between the emigrant and immigrant populations of the oriental armyworm,Mythimna separata(Walker)[J].Acta Entomologica Sinica,2005,48(1):61-67.[江幸福,罗礼智.粘虫迁出与迁入种群的行为和生理特性比较[J].昆虫学报,2005,48(1):61-67]
Jiang XF,Zhang L,Cheng YX,et al.Current status and trends in research on the oriental armyworm,Mythimna separata(Walker)in China[J].Chinese Journal of Applied Entomology,2014,51(4):881-889.[江幸福,张蕾,程云霞,等.我国粘虫研究现状及发展趋势[J].应用昆虫学报,2014,51(4):881-889]
Jiang YY,Qu XF,Xia B,et al.GB/T15798-2009,Rules for Investigation and Forecast of the Armyworm[Pseudaletia(Mythimna)separata Walker][S].Beijing:Standards Press of China,2009.[姜玉英,屈西峰,夏冰,等.GB/T15798-2009,粘虫测报调查规范[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2009]
Jiang YY,Zeng J,Lu MH,et al.Occurrence trend forecast of the major diseases and insect pests of main crops in China in 2014[J].Plant Protection,2014,40(2):1-4.[姜玉英,曾娟,陆明红,等.2014年全国主要粮食作物重大病虫害发生趋势预报[J].植物保护,2014,40(2):1-4]
Johnson CG.Migration and Dispersal of Insects by Flight[M].London:Methuen,1969,1-763.
Kou CX,Liu XC,Sun K,et al.Suitable planting density of semilate rice in Zhongxiang City[J].Hubei Agricultural Sciences,2015,54(10):2328-2331.[寇从贤,刘小春,孙科,等.钟祥市中稻适宜栽插密度[J].湖北农业科学,2015,54(10):2328-2331]
Li KP,Woon HH,Woo WS.Route of the seasonal migration of the oriental armyworm moth in the eastern part of China as indicated by a three-year result of releasing and recapturing of marked moths[J].Acta Phytophylacica Sinica,1964,3(2):101-110.[李光博,王恒祥,胡文绣.粘虫季节性迁飞为害假说及标记回收试验[J].植物保护学报,1964,3(2):101-110]
Li SH.The relationship between climate change and pest generation reproduction,overwintering and migration flight[J].Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Sinica,1994,9(2):110-114.[李淑华.气候变化与害虫的生长繁殖、越冬和迁飞[J].华北农学报,1994,9(2):110-114]
Luo LZ,Jiang XF,Li KB,et al.Influences of flight on reproduction and longevity of the oriental armyworm,Mythimna separate(walker)[J].Acta Entomologica Sinica,1999,42(2):39-47.[罗礼智,江幸福,李克斌,等.粘虫飞行对生殖及寿命的影响[J].昆虫学报,1999,42(2):39-47]
Lv WX,Jiang XF,Zhang L,et al.Effect of different tethered flight durations on the reproduction and adult longevity of Mythimna separata(Lepidoptera:Noctuidae)[J].Chinese Journal of Applied Entomology,2014,51(4):914-921.[吕伟祥,江幸福,张蕾,等.一日龄粘虫不同时长吊飞对生殖及寿命的影响[J].应用昆虫学报,2014,51(4):914-921]
Rankin MA,Burchsted JCA.The cost of migration in insects[J].Annual Review of Entomology,1992,37(1):533-559.
Socha R,Sula J.Flight muscles polymorphism in a flightless bug,Pyrrhocoris apterus(L.):Developmental pattern,biochemical profile and endocrine control[J].Journal of Insect Physiology,2006,52(3):231-239.
Zhang YH,Zhang Z,Jiang YY,et al.Preliminary analysis of the outbreak of the third-generation armyworm Mythimna separata in China in 2012[J].Plant Protection,2012,38(5):1-8.[张云慧,张智,姜玉英,等.2012年三代黏虫大发生原因初步分析[J].植物保护,2012,38(5):1-8]