一种新型复合肥对小麦生长和产量的影响
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摘要
研究底施新型复合肥对小麦生长和产量的影响。结果表明,新型复合肥处理的小麦株高、穗长、穗质量、单株产量、百粒质量、分蘖数均增加,分别达80.42,8.77 cm,4.78,21.97,7.514 g,4.7,公顷产量达4 650 kg,较传统复合肥增产20.6%。说明新型复合肥对小麦生长和产量有利,这种施肥方式减少了田间操作次数,降低了经济成本,具有广阔的应用前景。
The field experiment was conducted to study the effect of a new formula fertilizer on growth and yield of wheat in middle region of Shanxi province in 2017. The result showed that after the new formula fertilizer, the plant height, ear length, ear quality, yield per plant, 100-grain quality and tiller number of wheat increased, which were 80.42, 8.77 cm, 4.78, 21.97, 7.514 g, 4.7, respectively.Yield of wheat with new formula fertilizer was 4 650 kg/hm~2, which increased by 20.6% with traditional compound fertilizer. This shows that the new formula fertilizers are good for the growth and yield of wheat. This fertilization method reduces the frequency of field operations, decreases the economic cost, and has broad application prospects.
The field experiment was conducted to study the effect of a new formula fertilizer on growth and yield of wheat in middle region of Shanxi province in 2017. The result showed that after the new formula fertilizer, the plant height, ear length, ear quality, yield per plant, 100-grain quality and tiller number of wheat increased, which were 80.42, 8.77 cm, 4.78, 21.97, 7.514 g, 4.7, respectively.Yield of wheat with new formula fertilizer was 4 650 kg/hm~2, which increased by 20.6% with traditional compound fertilizer. This shows that the new formula fertilizers are good for the growth and yield of wheat. This fertilization method reduces the frequency of field operations, decreases the economic cost, and has broad application prospects.
引文
[1]毛达如.植物营养研究方法[M].北京:中国农业大学出版社,1994.
[2]张世贤.中国的农业发展及平衡施肥在农业生产中的应用[C]//中国农业科学院土壤肥料研究所.国际平衡施肥学术讨论会论文集.北京:农业出版社,1989.
[3]尤·李比希.化学在农业和生理学上的应用[M].刘更另,译.北京农业出版社,1982.
[4]周鸣铮.测土施肥的科学基础[J].土壤通报,1984(4):156-160.
[5]刘蝴蝶,李晓萍,赵国平,等.山西省主要耕作土壤肥力现状及变化规律[J].山西农业科学,2010,38(1):73-77.
[6]岳丽.不同肥料配施对旱地小麦产量及水肥利用的影响[D].太谷:山西农业大学,2016.
[7]许安民,南维鸽,李世清,等.施肥、密度和除草对半湿润地区冬小麦生物产量和籽粒产量的影响[J].麦类作物学报,2007,27(6):1096-1100.
[8]李廷亮,谢英荷,洪坚平,等.施氮量对晋南旱地冬小麦光合特性、产量及氮素利用的影响[J].作物学报,2013,39(4):704-711.
[9]吕家珑,张保军,李松龄,等.施肥对旱地冬小麦水分利用率和产量的影响[J].西北林学院学报,1998,13(2):56-60.
[10]张福锁.协调作物高产与环境保护的养分资源综合管理技术研究与应用[M].北京:中国农业大学出版社,2008.
[11] WISSUWA M. How do plants achieve tolerance to phosphorus deficiency? Small causes with big effects[J]. Plant Physiology,2003,133(4):1947-1958.
[12]王淑娟,田霄鸿,李硕,等.长期地表覆盖及施氨对冬小麦产量及土壤肥力的影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2012,18(2):291-299.
[13]郑春风,任伟,车军,等.氮肥减量施用对冬小麦产量及经济效益的影响[J].山西农业科学,2019,47(1):56-60.
[14]李武超,李磊,王炜,等.小麦水氮耦合效应与水肥高效利用研究[J].华北农学报,2018,33(5):232-238.
[15]孟维伟,张正,徐杰,等.不同施氮量对玉米花生间作下茬小麦干物质积累及产量构成的影响[J].华北农学报,2018,33(4):175-180.
[16]张玉春,杨敏,周齐齐,等.不同氮肥用量条件下花后遮光对冬小麦干物质和氮素积累与转运的影响[J].华北农学报,2018,33(3):203-209.
[17]席吉龙,王珂,杨娜,等.施氮量对晋麦84号产量及土壤硝态氮、铵态氮的影响[J].山西农业科学,2018,46(10):1663-1667.
[18]孙克刚,张琨,杨焕焕,等.尿素硝酸铵肥料在冬小麦上增产效果及氮肥利用率研究[J].山西农业科学,2018,46(8):1317-1320.
[19]李超,谢英荷,李廷亮,等.施肥措施对旱地小麦产量与土壤硝态氮残留的影响[J].山西农业科学,2018,46(4):583-587.
[20]刘苹,李燕,赵海军,等.施肥方式对小麦生长、产量及土壤硝态氮含量的影响[J].河南农业科学,2017,46(3):66-70.
[2]张世贤.中国的农业发展及平衡施肥在农业生产中的应用[C]//中国农业科学院土壤肥料研究所.国际平衡施肥学术讨论会论文集.北京:农业出版社,1989.
[3]尤·李比希.化学在农业和生理学上的应用[M].刘更另,译.北京农业出版社,1982.
[4]周鸣铮.测土施肥的科学基础[J].土壤通报,1984(4):156-160.
[5]刘蝴蝶,李晓萍,赵国平,等.山西省主要耕作土壤肥力现状及变化规律[J].山西农业科学,2010,38(1):73-77.
[6]岳丽.不同肥料配施对旱地小麦产量及水肥利用的影响[D].太谷:山西农业大学,2016.
[7]许安民,南维鸽,李世清,等.施肥、密度和除草对半湿润地区冬小麦生物产量和籽粒产量的影响[J].麦类作物学报,2007,27(6):1096-1100.
[8]李廷亮,谢英荷,洪坚平,等.施氮量对晋南旱地冬小麦光合特性、产量及氮素利用的影响[J].作物学报,2013,39(4):704-711.
[9]吕家珑,张保军,李松龄,等.施肥对旱地冬小麦水分利用率和产量的影响[J].西北林学院学报,1998,13(2):56-60.
[10]张福锁.协调作物高产与环境保护的养分资源综合管理技术研究与应用[M].北京:中国农业大学出版社,2008.
[11] WISSUWA M. How do plants achieve tolerance to phosphorus deficiency? Small causes with big effects[J]. Plant Physiology,2003,133(4):1947-1958.
[12]王淑娟,田霄鸿,李硕,等.长期地表覆盖及施氨对冬小麦产量及土壤肥力的影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2012,18(2):291-299.
[13]郑春风,任伟,车军,等.氮肥减量施用对冬小麦产量及经济效益的影响[J].山西农业科学,2019,47(1):56-60.
[14]李武超,李磊,王炜,等.小麦水氮耦合效应与水肥高效利用研究[J].华北农学报,2018,33(5):232-238.
[15]孟维伟,张正,徐杰,等.不同施氮量对玉米花生间作下茬小麦干物质积累及产量构成的影响[J].华北农学报,2018,33(4):175-180.
[16]张玉春,杨敏,周齐齐,等.不同氮肥用量条件下花后遮光对冬小麦干物质和氮素积累与转运的影响[J].华北农学报,2018,33(3):203-209.
[17]席吉龙,王珂,杨娜,等.施氮量对晋麦84号产量及土壤硝态氮、铵态氮的影响[J].山西农业科学,2018,46(10):1663-1667.
[18]孙克刚,张琨,杨焕焕,等.尿素硝酸铵肥料在冬小麦上增产效果及氮肥利用率研究[J].山西农业科学,2018,46(8):1317-1320.
[19]李超,谢英荷,李廷亮,等.施肥措施对旱地小麦产量与土壤硝态氮残留的影响[J].山西农业科学,2018,46(4):583-587.
[20]刘苹,李燕,赵海军,等.施肥方式对小麦生长、产量及土壤硝态氮含量的影响[J].河南农业科学,2017,46(3):66-70.