印度梨形孢最适培养基的筛选及其对水稻的促生作用研究
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摘要
【目的】内生真菌印度梨形孢Piriformospora indica(Pi)可定殖在多种植物根系中,促进植物生长发育,增强植物抗逆性。【方法】将印度梨形孢接种至8种供试培养基中,测定其在8种培养基中的生长速率,并将印度梨形孢与水稻幼苗共培养,分析印度梨形孢对水稻幼苗株高、叶长、根长、根数、鲜重和叶绿素含量等生物学性状的影响。【结果】8种供试培养基中,V8培养基是最适合印度梨形孢生长的培养基,且加入一定量蔗糖能进一步促进印度梨形孢的生长;研究还发现,接种了印度梨形孢的水稻株高、叶长、根长、根数、叶绿素含量和地上地下部鲜质量都显著高于对照;与对照相比,接种印度梨形孢20 d后的水稻,其株高增高了32.36%,叶绿素含量提高了15.88%。【结论】印度梨形孢是通过增加光合作用和增强根系生理机能,从而促进水稻的生长发育。
【Objective】 Enhancement on the growth, development and stress resistance of rice plants from the colonization of the endophytic fungus Piriformospora indica(Pi) on the roots was investigated. 【Method】 Pi was inoculated on 8 different media for optimal culture and co-cultured on rice seedlings to determine the biological improvements on the plants. 【Result】Medium V8 was found to be most desirable for Pi growth. Addition of a certain amount of sucrose would further increase the effect. The plant height, leaf length, root length, root count, chlorophyll content and quality of the above-and underground parts of the treated rice plants were significantly greater than those of control. Notably, 20 days after the inoculation, the plant height increased by 32.36% and chlorophyll content 15.88%. 【Conclusion】 Pi significantly promoted the growth and development of rice plants as it symbiotically enhanced the photosynthesis and root physiology of the host.
【Objective】 Enhancement on the growth, development and stress resistance of rice plants from the colonization of the endophytic fungus Piriformospora indica(Pi) on the roots was investigated. 【Method】 Pi was inoculated on 8 different media for optimal culture and co-cultured on rice seedlings to determine the biological improvements on the plants. 【Result】Medium V8 was found to be most desirable for Pi growth. Addition of a certain amount of sucrose would further increase the effect. The plant height, leaf length, root length, root count, chlorophyll content and quality of the above-and underground parts of the treated rice plants were significantly greater than those of control. Notably, 20 days after the inoculation, the plant height increased by 32.36% and chlorophyll content 15.88%. 【Conclusion】 Pi significantly promoted the growth and development of rice plants as it symbiotically enhanced the photosynthesis and root physiology of the host.
引文
[1]GNANAMANICKAM S S.Rice and its importance to human life[C]//GNANAMANICKAM S S.Biological Control of Rice Diseases.Berlin:Springer-Verlag,2009:1-11.
[2]COUCH B C,KOHN L M.A multilocus gene genealogy concordant with host preference indicates segregation of a new species,Magnaporthe oryzae,from M.grisea[J].Mycologia,2002,94(4):683-693.
[3]任小平,谢关林,赵丽涵.水稻纹枯病拮抗细菌的筛选与利用[J].植物保护学报,2005,32(4):337-342.REN X P,XIE G L,ZHAO L H.Screening and utilization of antagonistic bacteriae against rice sheath blight[J].Journal of Plant Protection,2005,32(4):337-342.(in Chinese)
[4]VERMA S,VARMA A,REXER K H,et al.Piriformospora indica,gen.et sp.nov.,a new root-colonizing fungus[J].Mycologia,1998,90(5):896-903.
[5]ANSARI M W,TRIVEDI D K,SAHOO R K,et al.A critical review on fungi mediated plant responses with special emphasis to Piriformospora indica,on improved production and protection of crops[J].Plant Physiology & Biochemistry,2013,70(1):403-410.
[6]SINGH A,SHARMA J,REXER K H,et al.Plant productivity determinants beyond minerals,water and light:Piriformospora indica,a revolutionary plant growth promoting fungus[J].Current Science,2000,79(11):1548-1554.
[7]LEE Y C,JOHNSON J M,CHIEN C T,et al.Growth promotion of Chinese cabbage and Arabidopsis by Piriformospora indica is not stimulated by mycelium-synthesized auxin[J].Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions,2011,24(4):421-431.
[8]SIRRENBERG A,G?BEL C,GROND S,et al.Pirifor-mospora indica affects plant growth by auxin production[J].Physiol Plant,2007,131(4):581-589.
[9]陈佑源,楼兵干,高其康,等.印度梨形孢诱导油菜抗旱性机理的初步研究[J].农业生物技术学报,2013,21(3):272-281.CHEN Y Y,LOU B G,GAO Q K,et al.Preliminary study on mechanisms of drought resistance in Brassica napus L.conferred by Piriformospora indica[J].Journal of Agricultural Biotechnology,2013,21(3):272-281.(in Chinese)
[10]SUN C,JOHNSON J M,CAI D,et al.Piriformospora indica,confers drought tolerance in Chinese cabbage leaves by stimulating antioxidant enzymes,the expression of drought-related genes and the plastid-localized CAS protein[J].Journal of Plant Physiology,2010,167(12):1009-1017.
[11]张文英,汪嫒嫒,蒿若超,等.印度梨形孢真菌促进芝麻生长并提高芝麻抗旱性[J].中国油料作物学报,2014,36(1):71-75,83.ZHANG W Y,WANG A A,HAO R C,et al.Endophytic fungus Piriformospora indica promotes growth and confers drought tolerance in sesame (Sesamum indicum L.)[J].Chinese Journal of Oil Crop Sciences,2014,36(1):71-75,83.(in Chinese)
[12]BALTRUSCHAT H,FODOR J,HARRACH B D,et al.Salt tolerance of barley induced by the root endophyte Piriformospora indica is associated with a strong increase in antioxidants[J].New Phytologist,2008,180(2):501-510.
[13]FAKHRO A,ANDRADE-LINARES D R,BARGEN S V,et al.Impact of Piriformospora indica,on tomato growth and on interaction with fungal and viral pathogens[J].Mycorrhiza,2010,20(3):191-200.
[14]KUMAR M,YADAV V,TUTEJA N,et al.Antioxidant enzyme activities in maize plants colonized with Piriformospora indica[J].Microbiology,2009,155:780-790.
[15]SAHAY N S,VARMA A.Piriformospora indica:a new biological hardening tool for micropropagated plants[J].Fems Microbiology Letters,1999,181(2):297-302.
[16]SAHAY N S,VARMA A.A biological approach towards increasing the rates of survival of micro propagated plants[J].Current Science,2000,78(2):126-129.
[17]RAI M,ACHARYA D,SINGH A,et al.Positive growth responses of the medicinal plants Spilanthes calva and Withania somnifera to inoculation by Piriformospora indica in a field trial[J].Mycorrhiza,2001,11(3):123-128.
[18]PRASAD R,BAGDE U S,PUSPANGADAN P,et al.Bacopa monniera L.:pharmacological aspects and case study involving Piriformospora indica[J].International Journal of Integrative Biology,2008,3(2):100-110.
[19]RAI M,VARMA A.Arbuscular mycorrhiza-like biotechnological potential of Piriformospora indica,which promotes the growth of Adhatoda vasica Nees[J].Electronic Journal of Biotechnology,2008,8(1):107-112.
[20]BALDI A,JAIN A,GUPTA N,et al.Co-culture of arbuscular mycorrhiza-like fungi (Piriformospora indica,and Sebacina vermifera) with plant cells of Linum album,for enhanced production of podophyllotoxins:a first report[J].Biotechnology Letters,2008,30(9):1671-1677.
[21]K?FER E.Meiotic and mitotic recombination in Aspergillus,and its chromosomal aberrations[J].Advances in Genetics,1977,19:33-131.
[22]MURASHIGE T,SKOOG F.A revised medium for rapid growth and bio assays with tobacco tissue cultures[J].Physiologia Plantarum,1962,15(3):473-497.
[23]孙盈盈.测量培养细胞鲜重和干重的新方法[J].生物技术通报,1997 (2):33-34.SUN Y Y.A new method for measuring fresh weight and dry weight of cultured cells[J].Biotechnology Bulletin,1997 (2):33-34.(in Chinese)
[24]洪法水,魏正贵,赵贵文.菠菜叶绿素的浸提和协同萃取反应[J].应用化学,2001,18(7):532-535.Hong F S,WEI Z G,ZHAO G W.Soaking and synergistic extracting reaction of chlorophyll from spinach[J].Chinese Journal of Applied Chemistry,2001,18(7):532-535.(in Chinese)
[25]PHAM G H.Axenic culture of symbiotic fungus Piriformospora indica[C]//VARMA A.Plant Surface Microbiology.Berlin:Springer-Verlag,2004:593-613.
[2]COUCH B C,KOHN L M.A multilocus gene genealogy concordant with host preference indicates segregation of a new species,Magnaporthe oryzae,from M.grisea[J].Mycologia,2002,94(4):683-693.
[3]任小平,谢关林,赵丽涵.水稻纹枯病拮抗细菌的筛选与利用[J].植物保护学报,2005,32(4):337-342.REN X P,XIE G L,ZHAO L H.Screening and utilization of antagonistic bacteriae against rice sheath blight[J].Journal of Plant Protection,2005,32(4):337-342.(in Chinese)
[4]VERMA S,VARMA A,REXER K H,et al.Piriformospora indica,gen.et sp.nov.,a new root-colonizing fungus[J].Mycologia,1998,90(5):896-903.
[5]ANSARI M W,TRIVEDI D K,SAHOO R K,et al.A critical review on fungi mediated plant responses with special emphasis to Piriformospora indica,on improved production and protection of crops[J].Plant Physiology & Biochemistry,2013,70(1):403-410.
[6]SINGH A,SHARMA J,REXER K H,et al.Plant productivity determinants beyond minerals,water and light:Piriformospora indica,a revolutionary plant growth promoting fungus[J].Current Science,2000,79(11):1548-1554.
[7]LEE Y C,JOHNSON J M,CHIEN C T,et al.Growth promotion of Chinese cabbage and Arabidopsis by Piriformospora indica is not stimulated by mycelium-synthesized auxin[J].Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions,2011,24(4):421-431.
[8]SIRRENBERG A,G?BEL C,GROND S,et al.Pirifor-mospora indica affects plant growth by auxin production[J].Physiol Plant,2007,131(4):581-589.
[9]陈佑源,楼兵干,高其康,等.印度梨形孢诱导油菜抗旱性机理的初步研究[J].农业生物技术学报,2013,21(3):272-281.CHEN Y Y,LOU B G,GAO Q K,et al.Preliminary study on mechanisms of drought resistance in Brassica napus L.conferred by Piriformospora indica[J].Journal of Agricultural Biotechnology,2013,21(3):272-281.(in Chinese)
[10]SUN C,JOHNSON J M,CAI D,et al.Piriformospora indica,confers drought tolerance in Chinese cabbage leaves by stimulating antioxidant enzymes,the expression of drought-related genes and the plastid-localized CAS protein[J].Journal of Plant Physiology,2010,167(12):1009-1017.
[11]张文英,汪嫒嫒,蒿若超,等.印度梨形孢真菌促进芝麻生长并提高芝麻抗旱性[J].中国油料作物学报,2014,36(1):71-75,83.ZHANG W Y,WANG A A,HAO R C,et al.Endophytic fungus Piriformospora indica promotes growth and confers drought tolerance in sesame (Sesamum indicum L.)[J].Chinese Journal of Oil Crop Sciences,2014,36(1):71-75,83.(in Chinese)
[12]BALTRUSCHAT H,FODOR J,HARRACH B D,et al.Salt tolerance of barley induced by the root endophyte Piriformospora indica is associated with a strong increase in antioxidants[J].New Phytologist,2008,180(2):501-510.
[13]FAKHRO A,ANDRADE-LINARES D R,BARGEN S V,et al.Impact of Piriformospora indica,on tomato growth and on interaction with fungal and viral pathogens[J].Mycorrhiza,2010,20(3):191-200.
[14]KUMAR M,YADAV V,TUTEJA N,et al.Antioxidant enzyme activities in maize plants colonized with Piriformospora indica[J].Microbiology,2009,155:780-790.
[15]SAHAY N S,VARMA A.Piriformospora indica:a new biological hardening tool for micropropagated plants[J].Fems Microbiology Letters,1999,181(2):297-302.
[16]SAHAY N S,VARMA A.A biological approach towards increasing the rates of survival of micro propagated plants[J].Current Science,2000,78(2):126-129.
[17]RAI M,ACHARYA D,SINGH A,et al.Positive growth responses of the medicinal plants Spilanthes calva and Withania somnifera to inoculation by Piriformospora indica in a field trial[J].Mycorrhiza,2001,11(3):123-128.
[18]PRASAD R,BAGDE U S,PUSPANGADAN P,et al.Bacopa monniera L.:pharmacological aspects and case study involving Piriformospora indica[J].International Journal of Integrative Biology,2008,3(2):100-110.
[19]RAI M,VARMA A.Arbuscular mycorrhiza-like biotechnological potential of Piriformospora indica,which promotes the growth of Adhatoda vasica Nees[J].Electronic Journal of Biotechnology,2008,8(1):107-112.
[20]BALDI A,JAIN A,GUPTA N,et al.Co-culture of arbuscular mycorrhiza-like fungi (Piriformospora indica,and Sebacina vermifera) with plant cells of Linum album,for enhanced production of podophyllotoxins:a first report[J].Biotechnology Letters,2008,30(9):1671-1677.
[21]K?FER E.Meiotic and mitotic recombination in Aspergillus,and its chromosomal aberrations[J].Advances in Genetics,1977,19:33-131.
[22]MURASHIGE T,SKOOG F.A revised medium for rapid growth and bio assays with tobacco tissue cultures[J].Physiologia Plantarum,1962,15(3):473-497.
[23]孙盈盈.测量培养细胞鲜重和干重的新方法[J].生物技术通报,1997 (2):33-34.SUN Y Y.A new method for measuring fresh weight and dry weight of cultured cells[J].Biotechnology Bulletin,1997 (2):33-34.(in Chinese)
[24]洪法水,魏正贵,赵贵文.菠菜叶绿素的浸提和协同萃取反应[J].应用化学,2001,18(7):532-535.Hong F S,WEI Z G,ZHAO G W.Soaking and synergistic extracting reaction of chlorophyll from spinach[J].Chinese Journal of Applied Chemistry,2001,18(7):532-535.(in Chinese)
[25]PHAM G H.Axenic culture of symbiotic fungus Piriformospora indica[C]//VARMA A.Plant Surface Microbiology.Berlin:Springer-Verlag,2004:593-613.