医学3D打印技术在视网膜修复的研究进展
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摘要
生物3D打印技术为视网膜受损修复这一难题的解决提供了可能。用海藻酸钠水凝胶打印一个用于细胞生长的支架,利用3D打印的超高精度将视网膜的神经节细胞和神经胶质细胞植入支架,并加入一定浓度的生长因子,诱导细胞向特性方向生长,用这种方法打印视网膜细胞将实现形态可控、强度可控、梯度释放,有望实现体外视网膜细胞的精确打印,解决临床视网膜神经缺损修复的难题。本文在对这些成果进行系统总结的基础上,简要评析了研究现状并且提出了亟待解决的问题,以期为该领域的进一步研究提供参考。
Biological three-dimensional(3 D) printing technology provides the possibility to develop retinal prosthesis. Firstly,sodium alginate hydrogel is used to print a scaffold for cells. And then the ganglion and cells were implant to the scaffold with the use of 3 D printing technology with a high accuracy. The growth factors were added into the scaffold to induce the growth of cells. The technology allows the morphology and intensity of cells to be controlled. Moreover, using this technology to print retinal cells can realize gradient release. Herein the achievements of 3 D printing technology in retinal repair are summarized;the research status are briefly analyzed; and the existing issues are putted forward, in order to provide a reference for the further research on 3 D printing technology in retinal repair.
Biological three-dimensional(3 D) printing technology provides the possibility to develop retinal prosthesis. Firstly,sodium alginate hydrogel is used to print a scaffold for cells. And then the ganglion and cells were implant to the scaffold with the use of 3 D printing technology with a high accuracy. The growth factors were added into the scaffold to induce the growth of cells. The technology allows the morphology and intensity of cells to be controlled. Moreover, using this technology to print retinal cells can realize gradient release. Herein the achievements of 3 D printing technology in retinal repair are summarized;the research status are briefly analyzed; and the existing issues are putted forward, in order to provide a reference for the further research on 3 D printing technology in retinal repair.
引文
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[19]KADOR K E,MONTERO R B,VENUGOPALAN P,et al.Tissue engineering the retinal ganglion cell nerve fiber layer[J].Biomaterials,2013,34(17):4242-4250.
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[23]LORBER B,HSIAO W K,HUTCHINGS I M,et al.Adult rat retinal ganglion cells and glia can be printed by piezoelectric inkjet printing[J].Biofabrication,2014,6(1):015001.
[2]MURPHY S V,ATALA A.3D bioprinting of tissues and organs[J].Nat Biotechnol,2014,32(8):773-785.
[3]NICHOLLS J G,ADAMS W B,EUGENIN J,et al.Why does the central nervous system not regenerate after injury?[J].Surv Ophthalmol,1999,43(6):S136-S141.
[4]XU T,GREGORY C A,MOLNAR P,et al.Viability and electrophysiology of neural cell structures generated by the inkjet printing method[J].Biomaterials,2006,27(19):3580-3588.
[5]CUI X,DEAN D,RUGGERI Z M,et al.Cell damage evaluation of thermal inkjet printed Chinese hamster ovary cells[J].Biotechnol Bioeng,2010,106(6):963-969.
[6]XU T,ZHAO W,ZHU J M,et al.Complex heterogeneous tissue constructs containing multiple cell types prepared by inkjet printing technology[J].Biomaterials,2013,34(1):130-139.
[7]LEE V,SINGH G,TRASATTI J P,et al.Design and fabrication of human skin by three-dimensional bioprinting[J].Tissue Eng Part CMethods,2014,20(6):473-484.
[8]GAETANI R,FEYEN D A,VERHAGE V,et al.Epicardial application of cardiac progenitor cells in a 3D-printed gelatin/hyaluronic acid patch preserves cardiac function after myocardial infarction[J].Biomaterials,2015,61(5):339-348.
[9]STEFANIE M,HEIKO S,CLAAS-TIDO P,et al.Tissue engineered skin substitutes created by laser-assisted bioprinting form skin-like structures in the dorsal skin fold chamber in mice[J].PLo S One,2013,8(3):e57741.
[10]KADOR K E,GROGAN S P,DORTHA E W,et al.Control of retinal ganglion cell positioning and neurite growth:combining 3D printing with radial electrospun scaffolds[J].Tissue Eng Part A,2016,22(3-4):286-294.
[11]GAO G,SCHILLING A F,HUBBELL K,et al.Improved properties of bone and cartilage tissue from 3D inkjet-bioprinted human mesenchymal stem cells by simultaneous deposition and photocrosslinking in PEG-GelMA[J].Biotechnol Lett,2015,37(11):2349-2355.
[12]DERBY B.Printing and prototyping of tissues and scaffolds[J].Science,2012,338(6109):921-926.
[13]COLOSI C,SHIN S R,MANOHARAN V,et al.Microfluidic bioprinting of heterogeneous 3D tissue constructs using low-viscosity bioink[J].Adv Mater,2016,28(4):677-684.
[14]BERTASSONI L E,CARDOSO J C,MANOHARAN V,et al.Directwrite bioprinting of cell-laden methacrylated gelatin hydrogels[J].Biofabrication,2014,6(2):024105.
[15]YONG S E,PU J S,CHOO C,et al.Tissue engineering of retina and Bruch's membrane:a review of cells,materials and processes[J].Br J Ophthalmol,2018,102(9):1182-1187.
[16]HU F,ZHANG X,LIU H,et al.Neuronally differentiated adiposederived stem cells and aligned PHBV nanofiber nerve scaffolds promote sciatic nerve regeneration[J].Biochem Biophys Res Commun,2017,489(2):171-178.
[17]JOHNSON B N,LANCASTER K Z,ZHEN G,et al.3D printed anatomical nerve regeneration pathways[J].Adv Funct Mater,2015,25(39):6205-6217.
[18]XU T,GREGORY C A,MOLNAR P,et al.Viability and electrophysiology of neural cell structures generated by the inkjet printing method[J].Biomaterials,2006,27(19):3580-3588.
[19]KADOR K E,MONTERO R B,VENUGOPALAN P,et al.Tissue engineering the retinal ganglion cell nerve fiber layer[J].Biomaterials,2013,34(17):4242-4250.
[20]XIE P,HU Z,ZHANG X,et al.Application of 3-dimensional printing technology to construct an eye model for fundus viewing study[J].PLoS One,2014,9(11):e109373.
[21]LORBER B,HSIAO W K,MARTIN K R.Three-dimensional printing of the retina[J].Curr Opin Ophthalmol,2016,27(3):262-267.
[22]FAULKNER-JONES A,GREENHOUGH S,KING J A,et al.Development of a valve-based cell printer for the formation of human embryonic stem cell spheroid aggregates[J].Biofabrication,2013,5(1):015013.
[23]LORBER B,HSIAO W K,HUTCHINGS I M,et al.Adult rat retinal ganglion cells and glia can be printed by piezoelectric inkjet printing[J].Biofabrication,2014,6(1):015001.