艇桨一体的螺旋桨激振力和水动力噪声数值预报
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摘要
[目的]螺旋桨噪声和水动力噪声是潜艇噪声控制的重点和难点,因此有必要开展艇桨一体的螺旋桨激振力和水动力噪声预报研究。[方法]以SUBOFF潜艇和DTMB 4383桨为计算对象,结合大涡模拟湍流模型和无限元方法,分析潜艇非均匀伴流场中螺旋桨激振力的变化规律,以及螺旋桨对潜艇表面压力场的影响。采用ACTRAN声学计算软件对艇桨一体的水动力噪声性能进行数值预报。[结果]计算结果表明:螺旋桨激振力的各个分量具有相同的脉动频率,脉动峰值以一阶叶频处为主,同时水平力脉动和垂直力脉动大于推力脉动;潜艇艏部、指挥台、艉翼及螺旋桨叶梢部位均存在局部高压区,这是水动力噪声的主要贡献点;艇桨一体的水动力噪声主要集中在低频段,随着频率的增加,其蝶形分布更加明显;与无桨全附体潜艇相比,带桨潜艇特征点的声压值急剧增加,对其辐射声场的影响较大。[结论]研究成果可为艇桨一体的螺旋桨设计提供参考建议。
[Objectives] Propeller noise and hydrodynamic noise are the key and difficult points of submarine noise control. Therefore, it is necessary to carry out propeller excitation force and hydrodynamic noise prediction research. [Methods] With the SUBOFF submarine and DTMB 4383 propeller as the calculation object, combined with the large eddy simulation turbulence model and the infinite element method, the change rule of the propeller excitation force in the non-uniform accompanying flow field of the submarine and the influence of the propeller on the surface pressure field of the submarine are analyzed.The ACTRAN acoustic calculation software is used to numerically predict the hydrodynamic noise performance of the integrated boat. [Results] The calculation results show that the components of the propeller excitation force have the same pulsation frequency, the pulsation peak is mainly the first-order leaf frequency, and the horizontal force pulsation and vertical force pulsation are greater than the thrust pulsation. The high pressure area exists at the bow, command station, tail and blade tip of submarine,which is the main contribution point of hydrodynamic noise. The hydrodynamic noise of the boat and propeller is mainly concentrated in the low frequency band, and the butterfly distribution is more obvious as the frequency increases. Compared with the propeller's full-body submarine, the sound pressure value of the submarine's characteristic point increases sharply due to the rotation of the propeller, and the variation of the radiated sound field is also large. [Conclusions] The research results can provide reference for the propeller design of the propeller.
[Objectives] Propeller noise and hydrodynamic noise are the key and difficult points of submarine noise control. Therefore, it is necessary to carry out propeller excitation force and hydrodynamic noise prediction research. [Methods] With the SUBOFF submarine and DTMB 4383 propeller as the calculation object, combined with the large eddy simulation turbulence model and the infinite element method, the change rule of the propeller excitation force in the non-uniform accompanying flow field of the submarine and the influence of the propeller on the surface pressure field of the submarine are analyzed.The ACTRAN acoustic calculation software is used to numerically predict the hydrodynamic noise performance of the integrated boat. [Results] The calculation results show that the components of the propeller excitation force have the same pulsation frequency, the pulsation peak is mainly the first-order leaf frequency, and the horizontal force pulsation and vertical force pulsation are greater than the thrust pulsation. The high pressure area exists at the bow, command station, tail and blade tip of submarine,which is the main contribution point of hydrodynamic noise. The hydrodynamic noise of the boat and propeller is mainly concentrated in the low frequency band, and the butterfly distribution is more obvious as the frequency increases. Compared with the propeller's full-body submarine, the sound pressure value of the submarine's characteristic point increases sharply due to the rotation of the propeller, and the variation of the radiated sound field is also large. [Conclusions] The research results can provide reference for the propeller design of the propeller.
引文
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[14]陈如星,周瑞平,林晞晨.基于CFX的螺旋桨激振力数值预报研究[J].武汉理工大学学报,2014,36(7):73-79.Chen R X,Zhou R P,Lin X C.Numerical simulation of the propeller-induced force based on CFX[J].Journal of Wuhan University of Technology,2014,36(7):73-79(in Chinese).
[15]曾文德,王永生,杨琼方.全附体潜艇流噪声数值计算[J].兵工学报,2010,31(9):1204-1208.Zeng W D,Wang Y S,Yang Q F.Numerical calculation of flow noise of submarine with full appendages[J].Acta Armamentarii,2010,31(9):1204-1208(in Chinese).
[16]郑小龙,王超,张立新,等.非均匀流场中螺旋桨水动力及噪声特性预报研究[J].武汉理工大学学报(交通科学与工程版),2014,38(6):1300-1303,1307.Zheng X L,Wang C,Zhang L X,et al.Prediction research on propeller hydrodynamic and noise characteristics in non-uniform flow[J].Journal of Wuhan University of Technology(Transportation Science&Engineering),2014,38(6):1300-1303,1307(in Chinese).51
[2]吴崇建,陈志刚.结构噪声核心价值与理论逻辑解读第一部分:释义、价值及认知颠覆[J].中国舰船研究,2018,13(1):1-6.Wu C J,Chen Z G.Core value and theoretical logic of structure-borne noise.Part 1:summary,value and cognitive subversion[J].Chinese Journal of Ship Research,2018,13(1):1-6(in Chinese).
[3]程宜杰.舰船噪声的频谱分析方法[J].中国科技信息,2006(21):302-303.Chen Y J.Spectral analysis method of ship noise[J].China Science and Technology Information,2006(21):302-303(in Chinese).
[4]宋杨,王桂波,苏强.潜艇噪声控制与利用新兴技术研究[J].声学技术,2013,32(5):227-229.Song Y,Wang G B,Su Q.New emerging technology research of submarine noise control and utilization[J].Technical Acoustics,2013,32(5):227-229(in Chinese).
[5]毕毅,高霄鹏,王波,等.潜艇水动力噪声的自航模试验技术研究[J].海军工程大学学报,2007,19(5):40-43,55.Bi Y,Gao X P,Wang B,et al.Acoustic test technique for submarine using remote submersible model[J].Journal of Naval University of Engineering,2007,19(5):40-43,55(in Chinese).
[6]杨琼方,王永生,张明敏.潜艇涡量场和流噪声等效声中心的数值预报[J].华中科技大学学报(自然科学版),2012,40(5):64-70.Yang Q F,Wang Y S,Zhang M M.Numerical simulation of vorticity field and determination of equivalent acoustic source of flow noises for submarine[J].Journal of Huazhong University of Science and Technology(Nature Science Edition),2012,40(5):64-70(in Chinese).
[7]Seol H,Jung B,Suh J C,et al.Prediction of non-cavitating underwater propeller noise[J].Journal of Sound and Vibration,2002,257(1):131-156.
[8]Seol H,Suh J C,Lee S.Development of hybrid method for the prediction of underwater propeller noise[J].JournalofSound and Vibration,2005,288(1/2):345-360.
[9]Testa C,Ianniello S,Salvatore F,et al.Numerical approaches for hydroacoustic analysis of marine propellers[J].Journal of Ship Research,2008,52(1):57-70.
[10]王超,张立新,郑小龙,等.LES和无限元耦合方法预报螺旋桨均匀流噪声[J].哈尔滨工程大学学报,2015,36(1):91-97.Wang C,Zhang L X,Zheng X L,et al.Prediction of propeller noise in steady flow based on combining LES and I-FEM[J].Journal of Harbin Engineering University,2015,36(1):91-97(in Chinese).
[11]黄胜,郑小龙,王超,等.带螺旋桨的潜艇流场及流噪声的数值计算研究[C]//第十三届全国水动力学学术会议暨第二十六届全国水动力学研讨会论文集.青岛,2014:8.Huang S,Zheng X L,Wang C,et al.Numerical simulation of flow field and noise on submarine with propeller[C]//Proceedings of the 13th National Conference on Hydrodynamics and the 26th National Symposium on Hydrodynamics.Qingdao,2014:8(in Chinese).
[12]王福军.计算流体动力学分析:CFD软件原理与应用[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2004:7-11.Wang F J.Computational fluid dynamics analysis:principle and application of CFD software[M].Beijing:Tsinghua University Press,2004:7-11(in Chinese).
[13]张咏鸥,张涛,刘继明,等.基于Lighthill声类比的流激噪声三维计算及验证[J].舰船科学技术,2014,36(9):55-59,64.Zhang Y O,Zhang T,Liu J M,et al.Three dimensional simulation and validation of the flow-induced noise based on Lighthill's acoustic analogy theory[J].Ship Science and Technology,2014,36(9):55-59,64(in Chinese).
[14]陈如星,周瑞平,林晞晨.基于CFX的螺旋桨激振力数值预报研究[J].武汉理工大学学报,2014,36(7):73-79.Chen R X,Zhou R P,Lin X C.Numerical simulation of the propeller-induced force based on CFX[J].Journal of Wuhan University of Technology,2014,36(7):73-79(in Chinese).
[15]曾文德,王永生,杨琼方.全附体潜艇流噪声数值计算[J].兵工学报,2010,31(9):1204-1208.Zeng W D,Wang Y S,Yang Q F.Numerical calculation of flow noise of submarine with full appendages[J].Acta Armamentarii,2010,31(9):1204-1208(in Chinese).
[16]郑小龙,王超,张立新,等.非均匀流场中螺旋桨水动力及噪声特性预报研究[J].武汉理工大学学报(交通科学与工程版),2014,38(6):1300-1303,1307.Zheng X L,Wang C,Zhang L X,et al.Prediction research on propeller hydrodynamic and noise characteristics in non-uniform flow[J].Journal of Wuhan University of Technology(Transportation Science&Engineering),2014,38(6):1300-1303,1307(in Chinese).51