外来物种蛇鳄龟在甘肃省庆阳市的发现与鉴别
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摘要
蛇鳄龟原分布于美洲,1997年引入中国大陆人工养殖,目前在中国野生环境有扩大蔓延态势。蛇鳄龟体形较大、生态适应性幅度较广、抗耐性大、可在多种生态系统生存,有较大的入侵潜力,可能破坏区域生态平衡,威胁国家生态经济安全。对甘肃省庆阳市野外环境发现的蛇鳄龟进行特征鉴别,描述其形态与生活习性,并对其入侵潜力、潜在危害和预防措施进行了阐述。
Chelydra serpentina,originally distributed in America Continent,was brought into China in 1997 and has been taken into artificial breeding ever since. At present,it tends to spread and multiply in a large scale in wild environment. Chelydra serpentina is often large in size and can adapt to various existing circumstances. Therefore,it has great potential in invading China's wild environment and may destroy ecological balance,which in turn,will threaten ecological and economic security in China. The features,morphology and life habit of Chelydra serpentina found in wild environment of Qingyang City in Gansu Province were described,the invasion potential,potential hazard and preventive measured were elaborated.
Chelydra serpentina,originally distributed in America Continent,was brought into China in 1997 and has been taken into artificial breeding ever since. At present,it tends to spread and multiply in a large scale in wild environment. Chelydra serpentina is often large in size and can adapt to various existing circumstances. Therefore,it has great potential in invading China's wild environment and may destroy ecological balance,which in turn,will threaten ecological and economic security in China. The features,morphology and life habit of Chelydra serpentina found in wild environment of Qingyang City in Gansu Province were described,the invasion potential,potential hazard and preventive measured were elaborated.
引文
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[3]刘海情,刘楚吾,刘丽.不同饲料对蛇鳄龟生长影响的研究[J].水产科学,2013,32(4):228-231.
[4]史海涛,龚世平,梁伟,等.控制外来物种红耳龟在中国野生环境蔓延的态势[J].生物学通报,2009,44(4):1-4.
[5]田婉淑,江耀明.中国两栖爬行动物鉴定手册[M].北京:科学出版社,1986:71-133.
[6]周婷.龟鳖分类图鉴[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2004:13-76.
[7]张志敏,李良生.鳄龟人工繁殖技术研究[J].水产科技,2006(10):19-20.
[8]CONNOR M J,WHEELER V.Chinese box turtle Cistoclemmys flavomarginata Gray 1863[J].Tormga Gazette,1998,34(10):1-7.
[9]袁显春,何小燕,张孟才,等.蛇鳄龟稚龟摄食行为初探[J].水产科技情报,2014,41(5):259-263.
[10]JENSEN J B.Bait preferences of southeastern United States coastal plain riverine turtles:Fish or fowl[J].Chelonian conservation and biology,1998,3:109-111.
[11]曾北危.生物入侵[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2004:47.
[12]万方浩,郭建英,张峰,等.中国生物入侵研究[M].北京:科学出版社,2009:15-16.