Expression of Subjectivity in Media Genres:Linguistic and Semiotic Analysis of Media Texts on the Example of the English and Georgian Language Quality Newspapers
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摘要
The study explores linguistic and media genre characteristics of the British, U.S. and Georgian print media. Theoretical apparatus of media studies and other interdisciplinary linguistic fields were employed for comparative analysis of genre characteristics. The paper is part of a longitudinal study of print media genres over the period of 2002-2010. The aim of the research is to(a) define and compare genre characteristics of the British, U.S. and Georgian print media,(b) examine and define structural and linguistic(semantic, pragmatic, semiotic) characteristics of the British, U.S. and Georgian quality newspaper genres,(c) define deictic composition of newspaper articles and(d) study expression of coded meanings in media texts. In this paper, I will focus on two major genres of quality print media: news and features. The media genres are analysed within the theoretical framework of pragmatics, semantics, semiotics and media studies.
The study explores linguistic and media genre characteristics of the British, U.S. and Georgian print media. Theoretical apparatus of media studies and other interdisciplinary linguistic fields were employed for comparative analysis of genre characteristics. The paper is part of a longitudinal study of print media genres over the period of 2002-2010. The aim of the research is to(a) define and compare genre characteristics of the British, U.S. and Georgian print media,(b) examine and define structural and linguistic(semantic, pragmatic, semiotic) characteristics of the British, U.S. and Georgian quality newspaper genres,(c) define deictic composition of newspaper articles and(d) study expression of coded meanings in media texts. In this paper, I will focus on two major genres of quality print media: news and features. The media genres are analysed within the theoretical framework of pragmatics, semantics, semiotics and media studies.
The study explores linguistic and media genre characteristics of the British, U.S. and Georgian print media. Theoretical apparatus of media studies and other interdisciplinary linguistic fields were employed for comparative analysis of genre characteristics. The paper is part of a longitudinal study of print media genres over the period of 2002-2010. The aim of the research is to(a) define and compare genre characteristics of the British, U.S. and Georgian print media,(b) examine and define structural and linguistic(semantic, pragmatic, semiotic) characteristics of the British, U.S. and Georgian quality newspaper genres,(c) define deictic composition of newspaper articles and(d) study expression of coded meanings in media texts. In this paper, I will focus on two major genres of quality print media: news and features. The media genres are analysed within the theoretical framework of pragmatics, semantics, semiotics and media studies.
引文
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Bach,K.(2006).Pragmatics and the philosophy of language.In L.R.Horn&G.Ward(Eds.),The handbook of pragmatics(pp.463-487).Malden,Oxford,and Carlton:Blackwell Publishing Ltd.
Bach,K.(2008).Applying pragmatics to epistemology.Philosophical Issues,18(1),68-88.
Bell,A.(1999).Language of news media.Oxford:Slackwell Publishing Ltd.
Bender,J.R.,Davenport,L.D.,Drager,M.W.,&Fedler,F.(2001).Reporting for the media.San Diego:Harcourt College Publishers.
Berner,T.R.(1998).Writing literary features.University Park:The Pennsylvania State University Press.
Brooks,B.S.,Kennedy,G.,Moen,D.R.,&Ranly,D.(1996).News reporting and writing.New York:The Missouri Group.
Clemetson,L.(2003,March 11).Threats and responses:Aircrafts carrier;weary sailors are long way and long time from home.The New York Times.Retrieved from https://www.nytimes.com/2003/03/11/world/threats-responses-aircraft-carrier-weary-sailors-are-longway-long-time-home.html
Cobain,I.,&Norton-Taylor,R.(2010,June 15).Bloody Sunday inquiry reveals mutual hostility that exploded into massacre.The Guardian.Retrieved from https://www.theguardian.com/uk/2010/jun/15/bloody-sunday-inquiry-derry-massacre
Cornish,F.(2014).Text and discourse as context.Retrieved from https://hal-univ-tlse2.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00961139/document
Creswell,J.W.(2003).Research design.Lincoln:University of Nebraska Press.
Danesi,M.(2010).Semiotics of media and culture.In P.Cobley(Ed.),The Routledge companion to semiotics(pp.135-150).London and New York:Routledge.
Fedler,F.(1997).Reporting for the print media.Orlando:University of Central Florida Press.
Goldenberg,S.,&Webb,T.(2010,June 16).Barack Obama uses Oval Office speech to lay out battle plan for BP oil spill.The Guardian.Retrieved from https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2010/jun/15/barack-obama-oval-office-address-bp-oil-spill
Goodman,S.,&Graddol,D.(Eds.).(1996).Redesigning English,new texts,new identities.London and New York:Routledge.
Hartley,J.(1990).Understanding news.London:Routledge.
Hough,G.A.(1988).News writing.Boston:Houghton Mifflin Company.
Itule,B.D.,&Anderson,D.A.(1994).New writing and reporting for today’s media.New York:McGraw-Hill.
Jakobson,R.(1987).Language in literature(J.Pomorska&S.Rudy,Eds.).Cambridge,MAand London:The Belknap Press of Harvard University Press.
Johnson,B.,&Christensen,L.(2008).Educational research,quantitative,qualitative and mixed approaches.Los Angeles:Sage Publications.
Luo,J.(2018).From verbal English to visual English-A semiotic turn.Language and Semiotic Studies,4(3),22-57.
Mencher,M.(1993).Basic media writing.New York:Columbia University Press.
Nel,F.(1999).Writing for the media.Oxford:Oxford University Press.
Rayner,P.,Wall,P.,&Kruger,S.(2001).Media studies.London:Routledge.
Saussure,F.de.(1965).Course in general linguistics(C.Bally&A.Sechehaye,Eds.;W.Baskin,Trans.).New York:McGraw-Hill.
Searle,J.(1969).Speech acts:An essay in the philosophy of language.Cambridge:Cambridge University Press.
Sonesson,G.(1989).Semiotics of photography-On tracing the index.Lund:Lund University Press.
Thompson,G.(2003,November 2).Littlest immigrants left in hands of smugglers.The New York Times.Retrieved from https://archive.nytimes.com/www.nytimes.com/learning/students/pop/20031104snaptuesday.html
Tweedie,N.,&Bingham,J.(2010,June 16).Bloody Sunday:Jubilant families hail the innocent victims.The Telegraph.Retrieved from https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/northernireland/7831446/Bloody-Sunday-jubilant-families-hail-the-innocentvictims.html
Uznadze,D.(2006).General psychology.Tbilisi:Sakartvelos Matsne.
Van Dijk,T.A.(Ed.).(1985).Discourse and communication.Berlin:De Gruyter.
Van Dijk,T.A.(1986).News schemata.In S.Greenbaum&C.R.Cooper(Eds.),Studying writing:Linguistic approaches(pp.155-186).Beverly Hills:Sage.
Van Dijk,T.A.(2004).Knowledge and news.Revista Canaria de Estudios Ingleses,(49),71-86.
Weisman,S.R.(2003,April 19).A nation at war.The New York Times.Retrieved from https://www.nytimes.com/2003/04/19/world/nation-war-rebuilding-bush-plans-ask-un-liftpenalties-against-iraq-phases.html
Bach,K.(2006).Pragmatics and the philosophy of language.In L.R.Horn&G.Ward(Eds.),The handbook of pragmatics(pp.463-487).Malden,Oxford,and Carlton:Blackwell Publishing Ltd.
Bach,K.(2008).Applying pragmatics to epistemology.Philosophical Issues,18(1),68-88.
Bell,A.(1999).Language of news media.Oxford:Slackwell Publishing Ltd.
Bender,J.R.,Davenport,L.D.,Drager,M.W.,&Fedler,F.(2001).Reporting for the media.San Diego:Harcourt College Publishers.
Berner,T.R.(1998).Writing literary features.University Park:The Pennsylvania State University Press.
Brooks,B.S.,Kennedy,G.,Moen,D.R.,&Ranly,D.(1996).News reporting and writing.New York:The Missouri Group.
Clemetson,L.(2003,March 11).Threats and responses:Aircrafts carrier;weary sailors are long way and long time from home.The New York Times.Retrieved from https://www.nytimes.com/2003/03/11/world/threats-responses-aircraft-carrier-weary-sailors-are-longway-long-time-home.html
Cobain,I.,&Norton-Taylor,R.(2010,June 15).Bloody Sunday inquiry reveals mutual hostility that exploded into massacre.The Guardian.Retrieved from https://www.theguardian.com/uk/2010/jun/15/bloody-sunday-inquiry-derry-massacre
Cornish,F.(2014).Text and discourse as context.Retrieved from https://hal-univ-tlse2.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00961139/document
Creswell,J.W.(2003).Research design.Lincoln:University of Nebraska Press.
Danesi,M.(2010).Semiotics of media and culture.In P.Cobley(Ed.),The Routledge companion to semiotics(pp.135-150).London and New York:Routledge.
Fedler,F.(1997).Reporting for the print media.Orlando:University of Central Florida Press.
Goldenberg,S.,&Webb,T.(2010,June 16).Barack Obama uses Oval Office speech to lay out battle plan for BP oil spill.The Guardian.Retrieved from https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2010/jun/15/barack-obama-oval-office-address-bp-oil-spill
Goodman,S.,&Graddol,D.(Eds.).(1996).Redesigning English,new texts,new identities.London and New York:Routledge.
Hartley,J.(1990).Understanding news.London:Routledge.
Hough,G.A.(1988).News writing.Boston:Houghton Mifflin Company.
Itule,B.D.,&Anderson,D.A.(1994).New writing and reporting for today’s media.New York:McGraw-Hill.
Jakobson,R.(1987).Language in literature(J.Pomorska&S.Rudy,Eds.).Cambridge,MAand London:The Belknap Press of Harvard University Press.
Johnson,B.,&Christensen,L.(2008).Educational research,quantitative,qualitative and mixed approaches.Los Angeles:Sage Publications.
Luo,J.(2018).From verbal English to visual English-A semiotic turn.Language and Semiotic Studies,4(3),22-57.
Mencher,M.(1993).Basic media writing.New York:Columbia University Press.
Nel,F.(1999).Writing for the media.Oxford:Oxford University Press.
Rayner,P.,Wall,P.,&Kruger,S.(2001).Media studies.London:Routledge.
Saussure,F.de.(1965).Course in general linguistics(C.Bally&A.Sechehaye,Eds.;W.Baskin,Trans.).New York:McGraw-Hill.
Searle,J.(1969).Speech acts:An essay in the philosophy of language.Cambridge:Cambridge University Press.
Sonesson,G.(1989).Semiotics of photography-On tracing the index.Lund:Lund University Press.
Thompson,G.(2003,November 2).Littlest immigrants left in hands of smugglers.The New York Times.Retrieved from https://archive.nytimes.com/www.nytimes.com/learning/students/pop/20031104snaptuesday.html
Tweedie,N.,&Bingham,J.(2010,June 16).Bloody Sunday:Jubilant families hail the innocent victims.The Telegraph.Retrieved from https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/northernireland/7831446/Bloody-Sunday-jubilant-families-hail-the-innocentvictims.html
Uznadze,D.(2006).General psychology.Tbilisi:Sakartvelos Matsne.
Van Dijk,T.A.(Ed.).(1985).Discourse and communication.Berlin:De Gruyter.
Van Dijk,T.A.(1986).News schemata.In S.Greenbaum&C.R.Cooper(Eds.),Studying writing:Linguistic approaches(pp.155-186).Beverly Hills:Sage.
Van Dijk,T.A.(2004).Knowledge and news.Revista Canaria de Estudios Ingleses,(49),71-86.
Weisman,S.R.(2003,April 19).A nation at war.The New York Times.Retrieved from https://www.nytimes.com/2003/04/19/world/nation-war-rebuilding-bush-plans-ask-un-liftpenalties-against-iraq-phases.html