酸性铵盐沉钒在钒铬溶液中的应用研究
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摘要
以钒渣钠化焙烧工艺得到的碱性钒浸出液为原料,在除去主要杂质硅和磷后,通过添加硫酸钠和三氧化铬,配制成一定组分的钒铬溶液,采用典型的酸性铵盐沉钒工艺,考察了溶液中钠、铬、钒含量以及加铵系数对沉钒率及最终V_2O_5中Na_2O含量的影响。结果表明:钒铬溶液在一定的浓度范围内可以采用酸性铵盐沉钒工艺,并取得较好效果。在满足高沉钒率及V_2O_5产品质量合格的前提下,溶液中钠的最大允许浓度为c(Na)/c(V)=2.4;在c(Na)/c(V)=1.8时,随着溶液钒浓度的增加,铬的最大允许浓度发生变化,表现为c(Cr)/c(V)逐步减小;对c(V)=25 g/L、c(Na)=45 g/L、c(Cr)=24 g/L的溶液浓缩后进行沉钒,通过降低浸出液固比提高钒浓度,钒的最大允许浓度为26 g/L;当加铵系数在1.5以上时,获得的V_2O_5产品满足相关质量要求;溶液离子浓度及加铵系数对沉钒率的影响很小。
The alkaline solution containing vanadium was used as the raw material,which was from the process of sodium roasting for vanadium slag.After the removal of silicon and phosphorus from the solution,sodium sulfate and chromic anhydride were added into the solution to prepare vanadium and chromium containing solution with a fixed composition.Then,the representative process for acidic precipitation of vanadium with ammonium salt was adopted to investigate the impacts of sodium,chromium and vanadium contents in the vanadium and chromium containing solution as well as the ammonium addition coefficient on the precipitation rate of vanadium and Na_2O content in the obtained V_2O_5.The results show that it is feasible to apply the acidic precipitation of vanadium with ammonium salt to the solution containing vanadium and chromium in a certain concentration range,which can achieve desirable effects.On the precondition of satisfying the high vanadium deposition rate and qualified products,the maximum permissible concentration of sodium in the solution is determined at c(Na)/c(V)=2.4(the content ratio of sodium to vanadium).As the concentration of vanadium increases,the maximum permissible concentration of chromium in the solution changes with c(Cr)/c(V)(content ratio of chromium to vanadium) gradually decreasing at c(Na)/c(V)=1.8.The solution containing 25 g/L of vanadium,24 g/L of chromium and 45 g/L of sodium was concentrated for vanadium precipitation,and the results indicate that a maximum 26 g/L of vanadium can be permitted for the increase of vanadium concentration via reducing the liquid to solid ratio in the leaching process.The obtained V_2O_5 meets the relevant quality requirements with ammonium addition coefficient of 1.5.Few influences of ions concentration and ammonium addition coefficient were found on the vanadium precipitation rate.This study can provide the guidance for vanadium precipitation in the solution containing vanadium and chromium.
The alkaline solution containing vanadium was used as the raw material,which was from the process of sodium roasting for vanadium slag.After the removal of silicon and phosphorus from the solution,sodium sulfate and chromic anhydride were added into the solution to prepare vanadium and chromium containing solution with a fixed composition.Then,the representative process for acidic precipitation of vanadium with ammonium salt was adopted to investigate the impacts of sodium,chromium and vanadium contents in the vanadium and chromium containing solution as well as the ammonium addition coefficient on the precipitation rate of vanadium and Na_2O content in the obtained V_2O_5.The results show that it is feasible to apply the acidic precipitation of vanadium with ammonium salt to the solution containing vanadium and chromium in a certain concentration range,which can achieve desirable effects.On the precondition of satisfying the high vanadium deposition rate and qualified products,the maximum permissible concentration of sodium in the solution is determined at c(Na)/c(V)=2.4(the content ratio of sodium to vanadium).As the concentration of vanadium increases,the maximum permissible concentration of chromium in the solution changes with c(Cr)/c(V)(content ratio of chromium to vanadium) gradually decreasing at c(Na)/c(V)=1.8.The solution containing 25 g/L of vanadium,24 g/L of chromium and 45 g/L of sodium was concentrated for vanadium precipitation,and the results indicate that a maximum 26 g/L of vanadium can be permitted for the increase of vanadium concentration via reducing the liquid to solid ratio in the leaching process.The obtained V_2O_5 meets the relevant quality requirements with ammonium addition coefficient of 1.5.Few influences of ions concentration and ammonium addition coefficient were found on the vanadium precipitation rate.This study can provide the guidance for vanadium precipitation in the solution containing vanadium and chromium.
引文
[1] He Guizhen.Comprehensive recycling of V、Cr in Hongge ore[D].Shengyang:Northeastern University,2014.(何桂珍.红格矿中钒、铬的综合回收利用[D].沈阳:东北大学,2014.)
[2] Zhang Jianting.The occurrence,distribution and recovery technologies of chromium in Hongge iron ore[J].Sichuan Nonferrous Metals,2005 (1):1-4.(张建廷.红格铁矿铬的赋存、分布与回收利用[J].四川有色金属,2005 (1):1-4.)
[3] Chen Jian,He Jinqiu,Lin Jing,et al.Vanadium and vanadium metallurgy[M].Publication of the office of the leading group on the comprehensive utilization of resources in Panzhihua,1983:1-5.(陈鉴,何晋秋,林京,等.钒及钒冶金[M].攀枝花资源综合利用领导小组办公室出版,1983:1-5.)
[4] Liao Shiming,Bai Tanlun.Foreign vanadium metallurgy[M].Beijing:Metallurgical Industry Press,1985:20-35.(廖世明,柏谈论.国外钒冶金[M].北京:冶金工业出版社,1985:20-35.)
[5] Mao Linqiang.Separation and recovery of chromium and vanadium from high-chromium vanadium slag[D].Shenyang:Northeastern University,2013.(毛林强.从高铬型钒渣中分离提取钒铬[D].沈阳:东北大学,2013.)
[6] Li Dabiao.Experiment of acidic precipitation of vanadate-leaching solution[J].The Chinese Journal of Process Engineering,2003,3(1):53-56.(李大标.酸性铵盐沉钒条件实验研究[J].过程工程学报,2003,3(1):53-56.)
[7] Wang X W,Wang H G.,Gao D X,et al.A clean technology to separate and recover vanadium and chromium from chromate solutions[J].Hydrometallurgy,2018 (177):94-99.
[8] Chen Liang.Effects of pH and temperature on acidic ammonium salt precipitation of vanadate leaching solution[J].Chinese Journal of Rare Metals,2010,34(6):924-929.(陈亮.pH值和温度对酸性铵盐沉钒影响研究[J].稀有金属,2010,34(6):924-929.)
[9] Wang Jinchao,Chen Housheng.Effect of impurities on precipitation of ammonium poly-vanadate[J].Vanadium Titanium,1995 (5,6):1-7.(王金超,陈厚生.杂质对沉淀多钒酸铵的影响[J].钒钛,1995 (5,6):1-7.)
[10] Yang He,Mao Linqiang,Xue Xiangxin,et al.Effects of impurities on ammonium polyvanadate precipitating[J].Iron Steel Vanadium Titanium,2013,34(3):13-18.(杨合,毛林强,薛向欣,等.杂质离子对沉淀多钒酸铵的影响[J].钢铁钒钛,2013,34(3):13-18.)
[11] Wang Jinchao,Chen Housheng.Study on precipitation conditions of ammonium poly-vanadate[J].Iron Steel Vanadium Titanium,1993,14(2):28-32.(王金超,陈厚生.多聚钒酸铵沉淀条件研究[J].钢铁钒钛,1993,14(2):28-32.)
[12] Kang Xingdong,Zhang Yimin,Liu Tao,et al.Experimental study on preparation of high-purity V2O5 with acidic ammonium salt precipitation of vanadium-rich liquor[J].Multipurpose Utilization of Mineral Resource,2008 (4):14-18.(康兴东,张一敏,刘涛,等.酸性铵盐沉钒制备高纯V2O5的试验研究[J].矿产资源综合利用,2008 (4):14-18.)
[13] Ma Lei,Zhang Yimin,Liu Tao,et al.Enhancing effect of precipitating vanadium in acid ammonium salt[J].Chinese Journal of Rare Metals,2009,33(6):936-939.(马蕾,张一敏,刘涛,等.提高酸性铵盐沉钒效果的研究[J].稀有金属,2009,33(6):936-939.)
[14] Chen Ziqing.Study on quality improvement of vanadium precipitation with (NH4)2SO4[J].Iron Steel Vanadium Titanium,2012,33(3):11-15.(陈自清.提高酸性铵盐沉钒质量的探讨[J].钢铁钒钛,2012,33(3):11-15.)
[15] Fu Zhaoyang,Zhang Yimin,Liu Tao,et al.Vanadium precipitation with acidic ammonium salt of stripping solution from one-step vanadium extraction of stone coal[J].Chinese Journal of Rare Metals,2015,39(5):462-467.(付朝阳,张一敏,刘涛,等.一步法石煤提钒反萃液酸性铵盐沉钒试验研究[J].稀有金属,2015,39(5):462-467.)
[2] Zhang Jianting.The occurrence,distribution and recovery technologies of chromium in Hongge iron ore[J].Sichuan Nonferrous Metals,2005 (1):1-4.(张建廷.红格铁矿铬的赋存、分布与回收利用[J].四川有色金属,2005 (1):1-4.)
[3] Chen Jian,He Jinqiu,Lin Jing,et al.Vanadium and vanadium metallurgy[M].Publication of the office of the leading group on the comprehensive utilization of resources in Panzhihua,1983:1-5.(陈鉴,何晋秋,林京,等.钒及钒冶金[M].攀枝花资源综合利用领导小组办公室出版,1983:1-5.)
[4] Liao Shiming,Bai Tanlun.Foreign vanadium metallurgy[M].Beijing:Metallurgical Industry Press,1985:20-35.(廖世明,柏谈论.国外钒冶金[M].北京:冶金工业出版社,1985:20-35.)
[5] Mao Linqiang.Separation and recovery of chromium and vanadium from high-chromium vanadium slag[D].Shenyang:Northeastern University,2013.(毛林强.从高铬型钒渣中分离提取钒铬[D].沈阳:东北大学,2013.)
[6] Li Dabiao.Experiment of acidic precipitation of vanadate-leaching solution[J].The Chinese Journal of Process Engineering,2003,3(1):53-56.(李大标.酸性铵盐沉钒条件实验研究[J].过程工程学报,2003,3(1):53-56.)
[7] Wang X W,Wang H G.,Gao D X,et al.A clean technology to separate and recover vanadium and chromium from chromate solutions[J].Hydrometallurgy,2018 (177):94-99.
[8] Chen Liang.Effects of pH and temperature on acidic ammonium salt precipitation of vanadate leaching solution[J].Chinese Journal of Rare Metals,2010,34(6):924-929.(陈亮.pH值和温度对酸性铵盐沉钒影响研究[J].稀有金属,2010,34(6):924-929.)
[9] Wang Jinchao,Chen Housheng.Effect of impurities on precipitation of ammonium poly-vanadate[J].Vanadium Titanium,1995 (5,6):1-7.(王金超,陈厚生.杂质对沉淀多钒酸铵的影响[J].钒钛,1995 (5,6):1-7.)
[10] Yang He,Mao Linqiang,Xue Xiangxin,et al.Effects of impurities on ammonium polyvanadate precipitating[J].Iron Steel Vanadium Titanium,2013,34(3):13-18.(杨合,毛林强,薛向欣,等.杂质离子对沉淀多钒酸铵的影响[J].钢铁钒钛,2013,34(3):13-18.)
[11] Wang Jinchao,Chen Housheng.Study on precipitation conditions of ammonium poly-vanadate[J].Iron Steel Vanadium Titanium,1993,14(2):28-32.(王金超,陈厚生.多聚钒酸铵沉淀条件研究[J].钢铁钒钛,1993,14(2):28-32.)
[12] Kang Xingdong,Zhang Yimin,Liu Tao,et al.Experimental study on preparation of high-purity V2O5 with acidic ammonium salt precipitation of vanadium-rich liquor[J].Multipurpose Utilization of Mineral Resource,2008 (4):14-18.(康兴东,张一敏,刘涛,等.酸性铵盐沉钒制备高纯V2O5的试验研究[J].矿产资源综合利用,2008 (4):14-18.)
[13] Ma Lei,Zhang Yimin,Liu Tao,et al.Enhancing effect of precipitating vanadium in acid ammonium salt[J].Chinese Journal of Rare Metals,2009,33(6):936-939.(马蕾,张一敏,刘涛,等.提高酸性铵盐沉钒效果的研究[J].稀有金属,2009,33(6):936-939.)
[14] Chen Ziqing.Study on quality improvement of vanadium precipitation with (NH4)2SO4[J].Iron Steel Vanadium Titanium,2012,33(3):11-15.(陈自清.提高酸性铵盐沉钒质量的探讨[J].钢铁钒钛,2012,33(3):11-15.)
[15] Fu Zhaoyang,Zhang Yimin,Liu Tao,et al.Vanadium precipitation with acidic ammonium salt of stripping solution from one-step vanadium extraction of stone coal[J].Chinese Journal of Rare Metals,2015,39(5):462-467.(付朝阳,张一敏,刘涛,等.一步法石煤提钒反萃液酸性铵盐沉钒试验研究[J].稀有金属,2015,39(5):462-467.)