阿维蚜茧蜂与两种色型豌豆蚜的相互作用
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摘要
本文研究了阿维蚜茧蜂Aphidius ervi对豌豆蚜Acyrthosiphon pisum色型和龄期的选择偏好性,以及豌豆蚜的龄期对蚜茧蜂发育的影响,同时还观察了阿维蚜茧蜂与2种色型豌豆蚜共存时,2种色型豌豆蚜的掉落率。结果显示,阿维蚜茧蜂偏好寄生绿色型的豌豆蚜,而且偏好寄生龄期较小的虫态;在阿维蚜茧蜂与2种色型豌豆蚜共存时,2龄若蚜的掉落率最高;随着龄期的上升,2种色型豌豆蚜掉落后的被寄生率随之增高,而未掉落豌豆蚜的被寄生率随着龄期的增加而下降。阿维蚜茧蜂的寄生延长了2种色型豌豆蚜的发育历期,且2种色型豌豆蚜在1龄被寄生后,2和3龄的的发育历期均显著延长;寄生1龄豌豆蚜时,阿维蚜茧蜂发育最快;阿维蚜茧蜂寄生的豌豆蚜龄期越高,其羽化率就越低。
Aphidius ervi preference for Acyrthosiphon pisum in different colors and ages and the wasp's performance were studied.Meanwhile the falling rates of pea aphid were compared between the two color strains with co-existence of A.ervi.The results showed that:A.ervi preferred small green pea aphid,especially in their early stage;the falling rate of pea aphid peaked at the second instar with the co-existence of A.ervi.The parasitism rate of the falled pea aphids increased with aphid age while that of the non-falled ones decreased.In addition,developmental period of the parasitized pea aphid was prolonged and the second and third instars were signif icantly retarded when parasitism occurred at the first instar.A.ervi developed the fastest when they parasitized the first instar aphids while their eclosion decreased with the increase in the age of parasitized pea aphids.
Aphidius ervi preference for Acyrthosiphon pisum in different colors and ages and the wasp's performance were studied.Meanwhile the falling rates of pea aphid were compared between the two color strains with co-existence of A.ervi.The results showed that:A.ervi preferred small green pea aphid,especially in their early stage;the falling rate of pea aphid peaked at the second instar with the co-existence of A.ervi.The parasitism rate of the falled pea aphids increased with aphid age while that of the non-falled ones decreased.In addition,developmental period of the parasitized pea aphid was prolonged and the second and third instars were signif icantly retarded when parasitism occurred at the first instar.A.ervi developed the fastest when they parasitized the first instar aphids while their eclosion decreased with the increase in the age of parasitized pea aphids.
引文
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[3]杜军利,武德功,吕宁,等.不同温度条件下两种色型豌豆蚜的种群参数[J].草业学报,2015,24(11):91-99.
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[6]马亚玲,刘长仲.光周期对两种色型豌豆蚜生长发育的影响[J].中国生态农业学报,2014,22(12):1476-1483.
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[15]曹林,李保平,孟玲.不同日龄混合柄瘤蚜茧蜂对寄主虫龄的选择及子代蜂发育表现[J].南京农业大学学报,2011,34(4):55-58.
[16]伍绍龙,周志成,彭曙光,等.烟蚜茧蜂对不同龄期烟蚜的寄生选择及其子代发育表现[J].河南农业科学,2017,46(6):84-88.
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[20]Dill L M,Fraser A H G,Roitberg B D.The economics of escape behavior in the pea aphid,Acyrthosiphon pisum[J].Oecologia,1990,83(4):473-478.
[21]He X Z,Wang Q,Teulon D A J.Host age preference behavior in Aphidius ervi Haliday(Hymenoptera:Aphidiidae)[J].Journal of Insect Behaviour,2011,24(6):447-455.
[22]Chau A,Mackauer M.Dropping of pea aphids from feeding site:a consequence of parasitism by the wasp,Monoctonus paulensis[J].Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata,1997,83(3):247-252.
[23]Takemoto H,Powell W,Pickett J,et al.Learning is involved in the response of parasitic wasps Aphidius ervi(Haliday)(Hymenoptera:Braconidae)to volatiles from a broad bean plant,Vicia faba(Fabaceae),infested by aphids Acyrthosiphon pisum(Harris)(Homoptera:Aphididae)[J].Applied Entomology and Zoology,2009,44(1):23-28.
[24]Battaglia D,Pennacchio F,Romano A,et al.The role of physical cues in the regulation of host recognition and accept ance behavior of Aphidius ervi Haliday(Hymenoptera:Braconidae)[J].Journal of Insect Behavior,1995,8(6):739-750.
[25]Braendle C,Weisser W W.Variation in escape behavior of red and green clones of the pea aphid[J].Journal of Insect Behavior,2001,14(4):497-509.
[26]Losey J E,Harmon J,Ballantyne F,et al.A polymorphism maintained by opposite patterns of parasitism and predation[J].Nature,1997,6639:269-272
[27]甘明,苗雪霞,丁德诚.日本柄瘤蚜茧蜂与其寄主豆蚜的相互作用:寄主龄期选择及其对发育的影响[J].昆虫学报,2003,46(5):598-604.
[28]曹林,李保平.寄主龄期对可疑柄瘤蚜茧蜂寄生及其后代适合度的影响[J].生态学杂志,2006,25(11):1380-1383.
[29]Ribak G,Gish M,Weihs D,et al.Adaptive aerial righting during the escape dropping of wingless pea aphids[J].Current Biology,2012,23(3):102-103.
[30]Chau A,Mackauer M.Dropping of pen aphids from feeding site:consequence of parasitism by the wasp,Monoctonus paulensis[J].Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata,1997,83(3):247-252.
[31]Nussbaumer C,Schopf A.Development of the solitary larval endoparasitoid Glyptapanteles porthetriae(Hymenoptera:Braconidae)in its host Lymantria dispar(Lepidoptera:Lymantriidae)[J].European Journal of Entomol,2013,97(3):355-361.
[2]Bommarco R,Ekbom B.Variation in pea aphid population development in three different habitats[J].Ecological Entomology,1996,21(3):235-240.
[3]杜军利,武德功,吕宁,等.不同温度条件下两种色型豌豆蚜的种群参数[J].草业学报,2015,24(11):91-99.
[4]He C G,Zhang X G.Field evaluation of Lucerne(Medicago sativa L.)for resistance to aphids in northern China[J].Australian Journal of Agricultural Research,2006,57(4):471-475.
[5]Tjallingii W F.Salivary secretions by aphids interacting with proteins of phloem wound responses[J].Journal of Experimental Botany,2006,57(4):739-745.
[6]马亚玲,刘长仲.光周期对两种色型豌豆蚜生长发育的影响[J].中国生态农业学报,2014,22(12):1476-1483.
[7]Guo S M,Kamphuis L G,Gao L L,et al.Identification of distinct quantitative trait loci associated with defence against the closely related aphids Acyrthosiphon pisum and A.kondoi in Medicago truncatula[J].Journal of Experimental Botany,2012,63(10):3913-3922.
[8]Carrillo E,Rubiales D,Castillejo M A.Proteomic analysis of pea(Pisum sativum L.)response during compatible and incompatible interactions with the pea aphid(Acyrthosiphon pisum H.)[J].Plant Molecular Biology Reporter,2014,32(3):697-718.
[9]洪军,杜桂林,贠旭疆,等.近10年来我国草原虫害生物防控综合配套技术的研究与推广进展[J].草业学报,2014,23(5):303-313.
[10]杜军利,武德功,张廷伟,等.紫外(UV-B)辐射对不同色型豌豆蚜生物学特性的影响[J].中国生态农业学报,2012,20(11):1626-1630.
[11]Brault V,Uzest M,Monsion B,et al.Aphids as transport devices for plant viruses Les pucerons,un moyen de transport des virus de plante[J].Comptes Rendus Biologies,2010,333(6):524-538.
[12]Seye F,Bawin T,Boukraa S,et al.Effect of entomopathogenic Aspergillus strains against the pea aphid,Acyrthosiphon pisum(Hemiptera:Aphididae)[J].Applied Entomology and Zoology,2014,49(3):453-458.
[13]Harrington C D.Biological races of the pea aphid[J].Journal of Economic Entomology,1945,38(1):12-22.
[14]Libbrecht R,Gwynn,D M,Fellowes M D E.Aphidius ervi preferentially attacks the green morph of the pea aphid,Acyrthosiphon pisum[J].Journal of Insect Behavior,2007,20(1):25-32.
[15]曹林,李保平,孟玲.不同日龄混合柄瘤蚜茧蜂对寄主虫龄的选择及子代蜂发育表现[J].南京农业大学学报,2011,34(4):55-58.
[16]伍绍龙,周志成,彭曙光,等.烟蚜茧蜂对不同龄期烟蚜的寄生选择及其子代发育表现[J].河南农业科学,2017,46(6):84-88.
[17]张廷伟,黄纯倩,杜军利,等.阿尔蚜茧蜂对不同龄期豌豆蚜的寄生及后代适合度的研究[J].中国生态农业学报,2015,23(7):914-918.
[18]Henry L M,Gillespie D R,Roitberg B D.Does mother really know best?Oviposition preference reduces reproductive performance in the generalist parasitoid Aphidius ervi[J].Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata,2005,116(3):167-174.
[19]Lu W N,Chiu M C,Kuo M H.Host life stage and temperature-dependent density of the symbiont Buchnera aphidicola in a subtropical pea aphid(Acyrthosiphon pisum)popultion[J].Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology,2014,17(3):537-541.
[20]Dill L M,Fraser A H G,Roitberg B D.The economics of escape behavior in the pea aphid,Acyrthosiphon pisum[J].Oecologia,1990,83(4):473-478.
[21]He X Z,Wang Q,Teulon D A J.Host age preference behavior in Aphidius ervi Haliday(Hymenoptera:Aphidiidae)[J].Journal of Insect Behaviour,2011,24(6):447-455.
[22]Chau A,Mackauer M.Dropping of pea aphids from feeding site:a consequence of parasitism by the wasp,Monoctonus paulensis[J].Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata,1997,83(3):247-252.
[23]Takemoto H,Powell W,Pickett J,et al.Learning is involved in the response of parasitic wasps Aphidius ervi(Haliday)(Hymenoptera:Braconidae)to volatiles from a broad bean plant,Vicia faba(Fabaceae),infested by aphids Acyrthosiphon pisum(Harris)(Homoptera:Aphididae)[J].Applied Entomology and Zoology,2009,44(1):23-28.
[24]Battaglia D,Pennacchio F,Romano A,et al.The role of physical cues in the regulation of host recognition and accept ance behavior of Aphidius ervi Haliday(Hymenoptera:Braconidae)[J].Journal of Insect Behavior,1995,8(6):739-750.
[25]Braendle C,Weisser W W.Variation in escape behavior of red and green clones of the pea aphid[J].Journal of Insect Behavior,2001,14(4):497-509.
[26]Losey J E,Harmon J,Ballantyne F,et al.A polymorphism maintained by opposite patterns of parasitism and predation[J].Nature,1997,6639:269-272
[27]甘明,苗雪霞,丁德诚.日本柄瘤蚜茧蜂与其寄主豆蚜的相互作用:寄主龄期选择及其对发育的影响[J].昆虫学报,2003,46(5):598-604.
[28]曹林,李保平.寄主龄期对可疑柄瘤蚜茧蜂寄生及其后代适合度的影响[J].生态学杂志,2006,25(11):1380-1383.
[29]Ribak G,Gish M,Weihs D,et al.Adaptive aerial righting during the escape dropping of wingless pea aphids[J].Current Biology,2012,23(3):102-103.
[30]Chau A,Mackauer M.Dropping of pen aphids from feeding site:consequence of parasitism by the wasp,Monoctonus paulensis[J].Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata,1997,83(3):247-252.
[31]Nussbaumer C,Schopf A.Development of the solitary larval endoparasitoid Glyptapanteles porthetriae(Hymenoptera:Braconidae)in its host Lymantria dispar(Lepidoptera:Lymantriidae)[J].European Journal of Entomol,2013,97(3):355-361.