中医肿瘤病机再思考
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摘要
肿瘤的病位应该归于阴阳系统中的厥阴以及经络系统中的足厥阴肝经。其发生、发展与中医"阴成形而后阳不能化气"相关,阴阳气不相顺接是其根本病机。阴阳气不相顺接,则有余之物不能气化,形成邪实,即为"癌毒"。"癌毒"内生,耗伤正气,正气不能内守,导致正从邪化,使正常的气血转化为"恶气""恶血",从而出现癌瘤。在这一过程中,气滞、血瘀、痰凝为机体肿瘤发病创造了必要的土壤环境。同时,癌瘤的发生促使气滞、血瘀、痰凝进行性加重,使机体在外在表象上呈现出气滞、血瘀、痰凝的状态。
Tumor should be attributed to Jue Yin in Yin and Yang system and Foot Jue Yin Liver Meridian in meridian system. The occurrence and development of tumour is related to "Yin is shaped yet Yang Qi cannot be brought out"in traditional Chinese medicine,in which is the fundamental pathogenesis is "Yin Qi and Yang Qi Being Incompatibility ". In this case the excessive matters cannot be changed into Yang Qi and the evil excess would be formed,which we call "cancer toxin". When there is "Cancer toxin",human Zheng Qi would be injured. Without enough Zheng Qi,healthy Qi and Blood would be changed into evil Qi and Blood,which would result in cancer. In this process,Qi stagnation,Blood stasis,and Phlegm coagulation would jointly create a necessary environment for the tumour. At the same time,the occurrence of cancer would in turn cause progressive Qi stagnation,Blood stasis and Phlegm coagulation,so that there is always such more and more obvious syndromes as Qi stagnation,Blood stasis and Phlegm coagulation in patients with Tumour.
Tumor should be attributed to Jue Yin in Yin and Yang system and Foot Jue Yin Liver Meridian in meridian system. The occurrence and development of tumour is related to "Yin is shaped yet Yang Qi cannot be brought out"in traditional Chinese medicine,in which is the fundamental pathogenesis is "Yin Qi and Yang Qi Being Incompatibility ". In this case the excessive matters cannot be changed into Yang Qi and the evil excess would be formed,which we call "cancer toxin". When there is "Cancer toxin",human Zheng Qi would be injured. Without enough Zheng Qi,healthy Qi and Blood would be changed into evil Qi and Blood,which would result in cancer. In this process,Qi stagnation,Blood stasis,and Phlegm coagulation would jointly create a necessary environment for the tumour. At the same time,the occurrence of cancer would in turn cause progressive Qi stagnation,Blood stasis and Phlegm coagulation,so that there is always such more and more obvious syndromes as Qi stagnation,Blood stasis and Phlegm coagulation in patients with Tumour.
引文
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[23]郑敏麟.中医藏象实质细胞生物学假说[J].中医药学刊,2004,22(6):1068-1070.
[24]穆俊霞,宋志萍,王平,等.外感六淫学说探源[J].山西中医学院学报,2010,11(3):9-11.
[25]李平,陶宋词,张梅,等.肿瘤病因新论——元气化生异常,瘤毒致癌[C].天津:2009年国际中医药肿瘤大会论文集,2009:376-382.
[26]朱晓婷.防治肿瘤之七情调治[J].光明中医,2013,28(12):2637-2638.
[27]周阿高,董佳容,蒉纲,等.情志与恶性肿瘤的关系探析[J].江苏中医药,2008,40(2):16-18.
[28]石磊,张波.冠心病心绞痛患者血浆同型半胱氨酸水平与中医证候要素痰、瘀的相关性研究[J].吉林中医药,2013,33(11):1115-1116.
[29]杨徐杭,汶医宁,王军威,等.痰、瘀体质与冠心病痰、瘀证探析[J].天津中医药,2011,28(4):320-322.
[2]LO L C,CHENG T L,CHEN Y J,et al.TCM tongue diagnosis index of early-stage breast cancer[J].Complement Ther Med,2015,23(5):705-713.
[3]HAN S,CHEN Y,HU J,et al.Tongue images and tongue coating microbiome in patients with colorectal cancer[J].Microb Pathog,2014,77:1-6.
[4]YANG Z J,ZHANG Y,GUO Z Q.Preliminary study on relationship between syndrome differentiation of esophageal cancer and changes of exfoliated cells of tongue coating[J].Zhongguo Zhong Xi Yi Jie He Za Zhi,1995,15(5):277-280.
[5]SUN D Z,LIU L,JIAO J P,et al.Syndrome characteristics of traditional Chinese medicine:summary of a clinical survey in 767 patients with gastric cancer[J].Zhong Xi Yi Jie He Xue Bao,2010,8(4):332-340.
[6]CHAO T H,FU P K,CHANG C H,et al.Prescription patterns of Chinese herbal products for post-surgery colon cancer patients in Taiwan[J].J Ethnopharmacol,2014,155(1):702-708.
[7]QI F,ZHAO L,ZHOU A,et al.The advantages of using traditional Chinese medicine as an adjunctive therapy in the whole course of cancer treatment instead of only terminal stage of cancer[J].Biosci Trends,2015,9(1):16-34.
[8]LIU J M,LIN P H,HSU R J,et al.Complementary traditional Chinese medicine therapy improves survival in patients with metastatic prostate cancer[J].Medicine(Baltimore),2016,95(31):4475.
[9]YE L,JIA Y,JI K E,et al.Traditional Chinese medicine in the prevention and treatment of cancer and cancer metastasis[J].Oncol Lett,2015,10(3):1240-1250.
[10]王雄文,林龙,李佩华,等.周岱翰诊治肿瘤的中医学术思想探讨[J].广州中医药大学学报,2015,32(4):762-764.
[11]韩尽斌.从杂气病因学谈恶性肿瘤的发病与治疗[J].中国中医药信息杂志,2011,18(4):91-92.
[12]刘瑞,花宝金,侯炜,等.从气机升降学说论肿瘤病机[J].中医杂志,2014,55(7):544-547.
[13]许鸣,陆嘉惠.从痰、瘀、毒论恶性肿瘤的病机与辨治[J].国际中医中药杂志,2016,38(11):1028-1029.
[14]陈惠,龚婕宁,渠景连,等.以中医络病理论试论恶性肿瘤发病及其转移的病机证治[J].广州中医药大学学报,2014,31(6):1012-1015.
[15]吕玉萍,安丰辉,吕玉红,等.肿瘤中医病机各家杂谈[J].环球中医药,2010,3(3):225-226.
[16]邹万成,张六通,邱幸凡,等.古籍中恶性肿瘤之各种称谓文义考析[J].湖北中医学院学报,2008,10(2):16.
[17]吴谦.御纂医宗金鉴[M].太原:山西科学技术出版社,2011:101.
[18]张锡驹.伤寒论直解[M].北京:中国中医药出版社,2015.
[19]张培新,陈坤,赵彦南,等.伤寒厥阴证与肝癌关系之探讨[J].河北中医药学报,2008,23(1):20-21.
[20]阎永贞.肿瘤免疫逃逸机制的研究进展[J].复旦学报(医学版),2013,40(5):619-624.
[21]郑敏麟,阮诗玮.中医藏象实质细胞生物学假说之一——“脾”与线粒体[J].中国中医基础医学杂志,2002,8(5):10-12.
[22]郑敏麟,阮诗玮.中医藏象实质细胞生物学假说之二——“肾”与染色体[J].中国中医基础医学杂志,2003,9(11):60-63.
[23]郑敏麟.中医藏象实质细胞生物学假说[J].中医药学刊,2004,22(6):1068-1070.
[24]穆俊霞,宋志萍,王平,等.外感六淫学说探源[J].山西中医学院学报,2010,11(3):9-11.
[25]李平,陶宋词,张梅,等.肿瘤病因新论——元气化生异常,瘤毒致癌[C].天津:2009年国际中医药肿瘤大会论文集,2009:376-382.
[26]朱晓婷.防治肿瘤之七情调治[J].光明中医,2013,28(12):2637-2638.
[27]周阿高,董佳容,蒉纲,等.情志与恶性肿瘤的关系探析[J].江苏中医药,2008,40(2):16-18.
[28]石磊,张波.冠心病心绞痛患者血浆同型半胱氨酸水平与中医证候要素痰、瘀的相关性研究[J].吉林中医药,2013,33(11):1115-1116.
[29]杨徐杭,汶医宁,王军威,等.痰、瘀体质与冠心病痰、瘀证探析[J].天津中医药,2011,28(4):320-322.