自动打捆机的关键自由曲面数控加工技术应用
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摘要
为不断提升自动打捆机的使用寿命与作业效率,从数控技术理论角度对自动打捆机的关键自由曲面进行识别与加工优化。在充分理解打捆机结构组成与硬件控制装置的基础上,考虑加工过程残余高度机理,建立关键自由曲面理论函数与物理模型,从误差补偿、刀具路径、切削刀具、加工顺序及CNC程序编制5个方面逐一按照加工工艺要求选择,并融入约束条件核心算法,进行关键自由曲面数控加工仿真试验。结果表明:整体加工时间较常规加工方法有明显减少,由4.71min缩短至3.79min;同时,切削长度经合理的规划与计算,由1 821.59mm缩短至1 5 4 6.2 3 mm,空刀路径由2 4 5.3 2 mm缩短至8 6.1 2 mm,加工效率约提升1 2%,关键曲面数控加工优化效果明显,具有一定的推广价值。
In order to improve the service life and operation efficiency of the automatic bundling machine,the key free surface of the automatic baling machine is identified and optimized from the theoretical angle of the NC technology. on the basis of understanding baling machine structure and hardware control device,and considering processing mechanism of residual height,the theory function on the key free surface and physical model is established,and according to the machining process requirements,the simulation test of NC machining of key free surfaces was done one by one from the five aspects of error compensation,tool path,cutting tool,machining sequence and CNC programming,and applied to the core algorithm of constraint condition. The test showed that the overall processing time was significantly reduced from 4.71 min to 3. 79 min. At the same time,the Cutting length was reasonable planned and calculated,it reduced from 1821. 59 mm to 1 546. 23 mm,empty cutter path was reduced from 245. 32 mm to 86. 12 mm,which improve processing efficiency about 12%,and the NC machining optimization effect of the key surface was obvious,and it would be certain promotion value.
In order to improve the service life and operation efficiency of the automatic bundling machine,the key free surface of the automatic baling machine is identified and optimized from the theoretical angle of the NC technology. on the basis of understanding baling machine structure and hardware control device,and considering processing mechanism of residual height,the theory function on the key free surface and physical model is established,and according to the machining process requirements,the simulation test of NC machining of key free surfaces was done one by one from the five aspects of error compensation,tool path,cutting tool,machining sequence and CNC programming,and applied to the core algorithm of constraint condition. The test showed that the overall processing time was significantly reduced from 4.71 min to 3. 79 min. At the same time,the Cutting length was reasonable planned and calculated,it reduced from 1821. 59 mm to 1 546. 23 mm,empty cutter path was reduced from 245. 32 mm to 86. 12 mm,which improve processing efficiency about 12%,and the NC machining optimization effect of the key surface was obvious,and it would be certain promotion value.
引文
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[20]曾谊晖,左青松,李翼德,等.基于RBF神经网络的难加工金属材料数控加工控制方法研究[J].湖南大学学报:自然科学版,2011,38(4):31-35.
[21]朱建宁.基于多分辨率网格分割的细分曲面数控加工技术[D].大连:大连理工大学,2014.
[2]王刚,宋德庆,张劲,等.甘蔗叶打捆收集机械作业性能的对比试验研究[J].农机化研究,2017,39(3):203-206.
[3]蔡永林,赵明波,王恒.类回转体曲面数控加工刀位轨迹规划[J].机械工程学报,2013,49(21):38-43.
[4]孙殿柱,崔传辉,康新才,等.基于散乱点云数据的五轴数控加工刀轨生成算法[J].农业机械学报,2012,43(5):226-229.
[5]金诚谦,唐宗义,金梅,等.联合收获机后不落地打捆装置的设计与试验[J].农机化研究,2011,33(7):147-150.
[6]李丽,邓兴国,尚川博.面向能效的曲面数控加工刀具路径优化方法[J].机械工程学报,2017,53(11):184-194.
[7]王冬冬,朱德文,谢虎,等.秸秆打捆机柱塞驱动机构的结构设计与分析[J].农机化研究,2018,40(3):38-44.
[8]刘圣高,伍义成,付华森,等.烟叶入户预检电动打捆机的研发与应用[J].农机化研究,2014,36(7):121-123.
[9]周波,赵吉宾,刘伟军.复杂曲面五轴数控加工刀轴矢量优化方法研究[J].机械工程学报,2013,49(7):192-194.
[10]程改青,许艳华.4SFYK-150型生物质秸秆粉碎压捆机研制与试验[J].农机化研究,2012,34(6):211-214.
[11]王伟,张心羽,梅雄.五轴数控机床进给系统刚度对自由曲面轮廓误差影响机理研究[J].机械工程学报,2016,52(21):146-154.
[12]刘祥鹏,孙传祝,姜常尊,等.小型方草捆打捆机压缩机构设计[J].农机化研究,2012,34(12):76-79.
[13]杨旭静,周元生,陈泽忠,等.五轴数控加工中旋转轴运动引起的非线性误差分析及控制[J].机械工程学报,2012,48(3):140-146.
[14]王与权.复杂曲线高性能数控加工的关键技术研究[D].陕西:长安大学,2011.
[15]吴庆玲.光学自由曲面快速刀具伺服车削误差的补偿[J].光学精密工程,2015,23(9):2620-2626.
[16]李普,张云,季邦,等.打捆机旋转切割喂入装置设计研究与优化[J].农机化研究,2018,40(6):9-13,52.
[17]王德福,蒋亦元,王吉权.钢辊式圆捆打捆机结构改进与试验[J].农业机械学报,2010,41(12):84-88.
[18]任德志,王春光,李晓阳,等.D型打结器驱动齿盘模态分析研究[J].农机化研究,2014,36(5):58-61,65.
[19]杨嵩.基于Mikron UCP800Duro多轴数控编程加工仿真及误差分析研究[D].天津:河北工业大学,2013.
[20]曾谊晖,左青松,李翼德,等.基于RBF神经网络的难加工金属材料数控加工控制方法研究[J].湖南大学学报:自然科学版,2011,38(4):31-35.
[21]朱建宁.基于多分辨率网格分割的细分曲面数控加工技术[D].大连:大连理工大学,2014.