搪瓷表面凹坑缺陷的形成原因分析
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摘要
冷轧搪瓷用钢生产烤箱内腔经静电喷涂和烧结后表面会出现凹坑缺陷,采用金相显微镜、扫描电镜和EDS能谱仪等分析手段,对缺陷纵切面的显微形貌特征进行观察,确定其形成原因。详细阐述了缺陷附近及缺陷处搪瓷钢板界面、搪瓷层的显微形貌和元素分布特征,结果表明,凹坑缺陷是由钢板表面的点锈所致,在高温搪烧过程中,点锈中铁的氧化物和瓷釉熔体未发生充分的熔合和反应而导致的,点锈的出现与用户的搪前处理工艺密切相关。为了避免发生缺陷,要在钢板成形、脱脂和彻底烘干后,及时进行静电喷涂和烧结。
During the production process of the inner walls of ovens,pit defects were formed on the surface of enamel layer after cold rolled steel for enameling was electrostatic powder sprayed and sintered.Optical microscopy,scanning electron microscopy,and energy dispersive spectroscopy were adopted to investigate the microstructure of the longitudinal section of the defect,and then the forming cause was analyzed.The paper elaborates the microstructure and element distribution of the enameled steel interface and the enamel layer.The results shows that rusty spot leads to the pit defects.During the process of high-temperature firing,there is an inadequate fusion and reaction between iron oxides of the rusty spot and enamel glaze.Rusty spots are closely related to pretreatment process;thus,to avoid the occurrence of rusty spots,electrostatic powder spraying and sintering should be timely carried out after forming,degreasing,and thoroughly drying.
During the production process of the inner walls of ovens,pit defects were formed on the surface of enamel layer after cold rolled steel for enameling was electrostatic powder sprayed and sintered.Optical microscopy,scanning electron microscopy,and energy dispersive spectroscopy were adopted to investigate the microstructure of the longitudinal section of the defect,and then the forming cause was analyzed.The paper elaborates the microstructure and element distribution of the enameled steel interface and the enamel layer.The results shows that rusty spot leads to the pit defects.During the process of high-temperature firing,there is an inadequate fusion and reaction between iron oxides of the rusty spot and enamel glaze.Rusty spots are closely related to pretreatment process;thus,to avoid the occurrence of rusty spots,electrostatic powder spraying and sintering should be timely carried out after forming,degreasing,and thoroughly drying.
引文
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[3] 宋乙峰,杨宏武,杜蓉,等.不同换热管用钢材的搪瓷密着性能研究[J].玻璃与搪瓷,2016,44(5):5-9.
[4] 邢翰学,顾金芳,蒋伟忠,等.新型功能搪瓷材料——搪瓷钢[J].玻璃与搪瓷,2014,42(1):43-45.
[5] 董福涛,薛飞,杜林秀,等.碳含量对超低碳含钛冷轧搪瓷钢性能的影响[J].材料研究学报,2017,31(12):887-893.
[6] 孙全社,金蕾,吕锋.冷轧超低碳搪瓷钢板的开发[J].宝钢技术,2001 (1):35-38.
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[8] 董福涛.DC03EK搪瓷用钢板的组织性能研究[D].沈阳:东北大学,2010.
[9] 黎玉珍.瓷釉制备工艺与搪玻璃产品质量的关系浅析[J].中国搪瓷,2000,21(4):10-13.
[10] 王禹,王允夫.涂搪工艺系统[J].玻璃与搪瓷,2000,28(1):47-50.
[11] 辛克基,牟荣华.谈搪前处理工艺[J].中国搪瓷,1997,18(3):25-28.