基于DYNAMICS软件的透平膨胀机临界转速计算与分析
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摘要
本文用转子动力学分析软件DYNAMICS计算了两种气体轴承支撑的不同结构的透平膨胀机转子系统的临界转速,并与ANSYS计算结果和实验数据进行了对比。ANSYS与DYNAMICS对两种材质(铍青铜、不锈钢)双层鼓泡箔片动压轴承支撑的Φ_1=25mm双盘转子系统前4阶临界转速计算结果差异较大,随转速提高差异较低,5,6两阶临界转速计算结果差异小于1%,DYNAMICS对临界转速计算结果与转子非同步涡动振动频率实验值基本吻合。ANSYS与DYNAMICS对小孔供气静压轴承支撑的Φ_2=17mm单盘转子系统各阶临界转速差异均小于2%,DYNAMICS对临界转速计算结果略大于实验结果。ANSYS计算Φ_1=25mm双盘转子系统耗时分别为109s和105s,计算Φ_2=17mm单盘转子系统耗时约70s,DYNAMICS计算耗时均小于1s。通过对两种结构转子系统的计算对比,表明DYNAMICS计算准确度高,运算速度快,适用于多种转子、轴承系统。
In this paper, turbo-expander critical speed with different rotor and support structures is calculated by rotordynamics analysis software DYNAMICS and compared with ANSYS results and experiment data. For double thrust collars rotor system(Φ_1= 25 mm) supported by double-decked protuberant foil bearings with different materials(beryllium bronze and stainless steel), theoretical analysis is conducted by using DYNAMICS and ANSYS respectively, and there are large differences in first 4 orders critical speeds while the differences of 5 and 6 order critical speeds are less than 1%. Analysis result by using DYNAMICS shows good agreement with experiment data of nonsynchronous frequency. For single thrust collar rotor system(Φ_2=17 mm) supported by hydrostatics gas bearings, critical speeds in every step calculated by these two software show differences less than 2%, and DYNAMIC analysis results are slightly larger than experimental data. For operation time,they are 109 s and 105 s for double thrust collars rotor system(Φ_1=25 mm) with different materials and 70 s for single thrust collar rotor system(Φ_2=17 mm) by ANSYS, while the time is always less than 1 s by using DYNAMICS for these two rotor systems. By comparing the two different analysis software, DYNAMICS has higher accuracy and faster operation time, and it can be applied to different rotor systems and bearing structures.
In this paper, turbo-expander critical speed with different rotor and support structures is calculated by rotordynamics analysis software DYNAMICS and compared with ANSYS results and experiment data. For double thrust collars rotor system(Φ_1= 25 mm) supported by double-decked protuberant foil bearings with different materials(beryllium bronze and stainless steel), theoretical analysis is conducted by using DYNAMICS and ANSYS respectively, and there are large differences in first 4 orders critical speeds while the differences of 5 and 6 order critical speeds are less than 1%. Analysis result by using DYNAMICS shows good agreement with experiment data of nonsynchronous frequency. For single thrust collar rotor system(Φ_2=17 mm) supported by hydrostatics gas bearings, critical speeds in every step calculated by these two software show differences less than 2%, and DYNAMIC analysis results are slightly larger than experimental data. For operation time,they are 109 s and 105 s for double thrust collars rotor system(Φ_1=25 mm) with different materials and 70 s for single thrust collar rotor system(Φ_2=17 mm) by ANSYS, while the time is always less than 1 s by using DYNAMICS for these two rotor systems. By comparing the two different analysis software, DYNAMICS has higher accuracy and faster operation time, and it can be applied to different rotor systems and bearing structures.
引文
[1]陈双涛,侯予,陈汝刚,等.高速透平膨胀机临界转速的计算与分析[J].西安交通大学学报,2010,44(9):33-37.
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[5]孟光.转子动力学研究的回顾与展望[J].振动工程学报,2002,15(1):1-9.
[6]DYNAMICS R4 user guide.Alfa-Tranzit Co.,Ltd.
[7]Zheng Yueqing,Chen Shuangtao,et al.Numerical and experimental study on the dynamic characteristics of the foil journal bearing with double-layer protuberant support[J].Journal of Advanced Mechanical Design,Systems,and Manufacturing,2016,10(2):1-12.
[8]于贺春.高速静压气体轴承-转子系统的特性研究[D].大连海事大学,2011.
[9]Chen Shuangtao,ZHAO Hongli,et al.Calculation of the Critical Speed and Stability Analysis of Cryogenic Turboexpanders with Different Structures[J].Plasma Science and Technology,2012,14(10):919-926.
[10]赵祥雄,陈双涛,侯予.转子型式对高速透平膨胀机临界转速的影响[J].低温工程,2010,175(3):1-6.
[11]Luis San Andrés,Keun Ryu.Hybrid Gas Bearing with Controlled Supply Pressure to Eliminate Rotor Vibrations While Crossing System Critical Speeds[J].Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power,2008,130:1-10.
[12]郑越青.高速低温透平膨胀机多层鼓泡箔片轴承静动力学特性研究[D].西安交通大学,2016.
[13]Hou Yu,Ma Bin,et al.Comparative studies on double-layered protuberant foil bearing and Hydresil foil bearing[J].Proc IMech E Part J:J Engineering Tribology,2016,230(2):212-221.
[14]Rubio,D,San Andres,L.Structural stiffness,dry friction,and equivalent viscous damping in bump-type foil bearing[J].J Eng Gas Turbine Power 2007;129:492-502.
[15]Kim,TH,Andres,LS.Effects of mechanical preload on dynamic force response of gas foil bearings:measurements and model predictions[J].Tribol Trans,2009,52:569-580.
[2]闻邦椿,顾家柳,夏松波,等.高等转子动力学[M].北京:机械工业出版社,1999.
[3]王林军,曹慧萍.基于ANSYS-WORKBENCH的转子模态分析[J].三峡大学学报(自然科学版),2014,36(6):89-93.
[4]钟一锷,何衍宗,王正,等.转子动力学[M].北京:清华大学出版社,1987.
[5]孟光.转子动力学研究的回顾与展望[J].振动工程学报,2002,15(1):1-9.
[6]DYNAMICS R4 user guide.Alfa-Tranzit Co.,Ltd.
[7]Zheng Yueqing,Chen Shuangtao,et al.Numerical and experimental study on the dynamic characteristics of the foil journal bearing with double-layer protuberant support[J].Journal of Advanced Mechanical Design,Systems,and Manufacturing,2016,10(2):1-12.
[8]于贺春.高速静压气体轴承-转子系统的特性研究[D].大连海事大学,2011.
[9]Chen Shuangtao,ZHAO Hongli,et al.Calculation of the Critical Speed and Stability Analysis of Cryogenic Turboexpanders with Different Structures[J].Plasma Science and Technology,2012,14(10):919-926.
[10]赵祥雄,陈双涛,侯予.转子型式对高速透平膨胀机临界转速的影响[J].低温工程,2010,175(3):1-6.
[11]Luis San Andrés,Keun Ryu.Hybrid Gas Bearing with Controlled Supply Pressure to Eliminate Rotor Vibrations While Crossing System Critical Speeds[J].Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power,2008,130:1-10.
[12]郑越青.高速低温透平膨胀机多层鼓泡箔片轴承静动力学特性研究[D].西安交通大学,2016.
[13]Hou Yu,Ma Bin,et al.Comparative studies on double-layered protuberant foil bearing and Hydresil foil bearing[J].Proc IMech E Part J:J Engineering Tribology,2016,230(2):212-221.
[14]Rubio,D,San Andres,L.Structural stiffness,dry friction,and equivalent viscous damping in bump-type foil bearing[J].J Eng Gas Turbine Power 2007;129:492-502.
[15]Kim,TH,Andres,LS.Effects of mechanical preload on dynamic force response of gas foil bearings:measurements and model predictions[J].Tribol Trans,2009,52:569-580.