‘金太阳’与‘串枝红’杏正反交后代果实性状的遗传倾向研究
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摘要
以‘金太阳’与‘串枝红’及其正反交后代为材料,研究了杏果实性状的遗传倾向。结果表明:杂交后代果实发育期呈趋中变异,平均遗传传递力为94.88%,当以短果实发育期的亲本做母本时更易将短果实发育期的性状遗传给后代;果实单果质量呈普遍变小的趋势,平均遗传传递力为84.13%;正反交后代果实的可食率也呈现趋小的遗传倾向;正、反交后代果实的果形指数变大的遗传趋势明显,超高亲率分别为49.12%和48.15%;果实硬度呈趋中变异,平均遗传传递力为106.82%;果实可溶性固形物含量呈明显的趋中变异,平均遗传传递力为104.67%;果实核形指数呈趋中的遗传倾向;果核厚度呈趋小的遗传倾向,平均遗传传递力为95.67%。
Apricot cultivars‘Jintaiyang'and‘Chuanzhihong'and their reciprocal crossing F1 offspring were used as the experimental materials, and the genetic tendency of their fruit characters was studied. The results indicated that the fruit development period in the F1 generation tended to be a moderate-parent variation with the average genetic transmitting ability of94.88%. The character of short fruit development period was more easily entailed to the F1 generation when the selected female parent had short fruit development period. The single-fruit weight tended to be decreasing in the F1 generation,with the average genetic transmitting ability of 84.13%. The edible rate of fruits in reciprocal crossing offspring also revealed a decreasing genetic tendency. The fruit shape index in the offspring of reciprocal crosses became bigger obviously,and their high-parent-exceeding rate was 49.12% and 48. 15%,respectively. The fruit hardness exhibited a moderate-parent variation with the average genetic transmitting ability of 106.82%. The soluble solid content in fruits showed an obvious moderate-parent variation with the average genetic transmitting ability of 104.67%. The genetics of fruit kernel shape index tended to be moderate-parent. The genetics of fruit kernel thickness tended to be low-parent,with the average genetic transmitting ability of 95.67%.
Apricot cultivars‘Jintaiyang'and‘Chuanzhihong'and their reciprocal crossing F1 offspring were used as the experimental materials, and the genetic tendency of their fruit characters was studied. The results indicated that the fruit development period in the F1 generation tended to be a moderate-parent variation with the average genetic transmitting ability of94.88%. The character of short fruit development period was more easily entailed to the F1 generation when the selected female parent had short fruit development period. The single-fruit weight tended to be decreasing in the F1 generation,with the average genetic transmitting ability of 84.13%. The edible rate of fruits in reciprocal crossing offspring also revealed a decreasing genetic tendency. The fruit shape index in the offspring of reciprocal crosses became bigger obviously,and their high-parent-exceeding rate was 49.12% and 48. 15%,respectively. The fruit hardness exhibited a moderate-parent variation with the average genetic transmitting ability of 106.82%. The soluble solid content in fruits showed an obvious moderate-parent variation with the average genetic transmitting ability of 104.67%. The genetics of fruit kernel shape index tended to be moderate-parent. The genetics of fruit kernel thickness tended to be low-parent,with the average genetic transmitting ability of 95.67%.
引文
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[2]赵习平.杏优良品种及无公害栽培技术[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2009.
[3]王玉柱,孙浩元,杨丽,等.鲜食加工兼用杏新品种‘京佳2号’[J].园艺学报,2014,41(4):799-800.
[4]陈玉玲,冯义彬,陈昌文,等.杏极早熟新品种——早金艳的选育[J].果树学报,2011,28(6):1128-1129.
[5]王玉安,赵秀梅,陈建军,等.中晚熟杏新品种‘陇杏1号’的选育[J].果树学报,2016,33(2):241-244.
[6]赵习平,刘铁铮,武晓红,等.杏加工专用新品种‘金秀’[J].园艺学报,2015,42(10):2091-2092.
[7]陈学森,李宪利,张艳敏,等.杏种质资源评价及遗传育种研究进展[J].果树学报,2001,18(3):178-181.
[8]孙猛,刘威生,刘宁,等.核果类果树主要性状遗传变异规律研究进展[J].北方果树,2011,11(6):1-5.
[9]赵习平,马之胜,宣立峰,等.杏杂交后代果实性状的遗传变异研究[J].河北农业科学,2005,9(1):28-31.
[10]陈学森,吴燕,陈晓流,等.杏杂种一代群体部分性状遗传趋势研究[J].中国农业科学,2005,38(9):1863-1868.
[11]田建保,籍小琴,Nicotra A,et al.杏基因性状遗传规律分析[J].山西农业科学,1993,21(4):26-30.
[12]刘宁,刘威生.杏种质资源描述规范和数据标准[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2006.
[13]吕增仁,高锁柱.串枝红杏在自然授粉条件下果实性状的遗传[J].辽宁果树,1986(2):6-9.
[14]石荫坪,王强生,隋从义,等.特早熟杏试管育种技术创新[J].落叶果树,1999(3):212-213.
[15]李鹏丽,申凤莲,毛永民,等.果树性状遗传规律研究进展[J].河北农业大学学报,2003,26(增刊):53-56.
[16]刘振中,樊红科,高华,等.苹果杂交后代果实遗传变异分析[J].北方园艺,2012(5):5-8.
[17]盛炳成,俞明亮.苹果果皮色泽的遗传研究[J].果树科学,1993,10(4):191-194.
[18]张圣仓.杏果实着色的生理生化特性研究[D].杨凌:西北农林科技大学.
[19]卢钰,董现义,杜景平,等.花色苷研究进展[J].山东农业大学学报:自然科学版,2004,35(2):315-320.
[20]陈东玫,张朝红,杨凤秋,等.金冠苹果杂交果实可溶性固形物含量的遗传特性研究[J].河北农业科学,2014,18(5):20-22.