基于高通量测序的西洋参根际土壤细菌群落分析
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摘要
目的:研究健康西洋参和患根腐病西洋参的根际土壤细菌群落结构变化,为研究西洋参根腐病的发生机制及其调控技术提供依据。方法:以未种过西洋参的土壤(C组)、新茬地4年生健康参根际土壤(N组)、新茬地4年生根腐病参根际土壤(R组)和轮作地4年生健康参根际土壤(LN组)为研究对象,采用Illumina Miseq高通量测序技术分析了土壤细菌群落结构的变化。结果:12个土壤样品基因组经16S测序共获得有效序列695 263条,用于物种分类的OTUs 8 081个,涵盖了30门、86纲、115目、256科、464属。在属的水平上,4个组细菌群落组成及相对丰度差别很大,其中芽胞杆菌属(Bacillus)、鞘氨醇单胞菌属(Sphingomonas)和芽单胞菌属(Gemmatimonas)可能是西洋参生长的有益菌,而假单胞菌属(Pseudomonas)和鞘脂菌属(Sphingobium)可能是引起西洋参根腐病发生的关键菌群,后续研究应重点关注。结论:健康西洋参和根腐病西洋参根际土壤及新茬地和轮作地西洋参根际土壤中微生物组成和结构均具有显著性差异,本结果对于探究西洋参根腐病发生的微生态机制和改良种植西洋参土壤微生物具有理论指导作用,为建立西洋参与主要农作物的合理轮作制度提供实验数据。
Objective:To investigate the changes of bacterial community structure in the rhizosphere soil from healthy Panax quinquefolium and root rot,in order to provide foundation for finding out the occurrence mechanism of root-rot and its regulatory technology.Methods:The changes of bacterial community structures in uncultivated soil(group C),rhizosphere soil of 4-year-old healthy Panax quinquefolium(group N) and root-rot Panax quinquefolium(group R) in upland soil and rhizosphere soil of 4-year-old healthy Panax quinquefolium in rotation farmland(group LN)were analyzed by using the Illumina Miseq high-throughput sequencing technology.Results:A total of 695 263 effective sequences and 8 081 OTUs were obtained from twelve samples based on high-throughput sequencing of the 16 S gene.Bacterial species detected in these samples covered 30 phylum,86 class,115 orders,256 families and 464 genera.At the genera level,the composition and relative abundance of the bacterial communities in the four groups made a great different.Among them,Bacillus,Sphingomonas and Gemmatimonas may be the beneficial bacterium for the growth and Pseudomonas and Sphingobium may be the key bacteria causing root rot of Panax quinquefolium and should be focused in the further research.Conclusion:There are significant differences in bacterial community compositions from the rhizosphere soil of healthy and root-rot Panax quinquefolium as well as rotation farmland and upland soil.This result has a theoretical guiding role in exploring the micro-ecological mechanism of root-rot of Panax quinquefolium and improving the soil microbial community during cultivation of Panax quinquefolium.The study provides basic data for understanding the mechanism of replanting problem and form efficient crop rotation system between Panax quinquefolium and main crops.
Objective:To investigate the changes of bacterial community structure in the rhizosphere soil from healthy Panax quinquefolium and root rot,in order to provide foundation for finding out the occurrence mechanism of root-rot and its regulatory technology.Methods:The changes of bacterial community structures in uncultivated soil(group C),rhizosphere soil of 4-year-old healthy Panax quinquefolium(group N) and root-rot Panax quinquefolium(group R) in upland soil and rhizosphere soil of 4-year-old healthy Panax quinquefolium in rotation farmland(group LN)were analyzed by using the Illumina Miseq high-throughput sequencing technology.Results:A total of 695 263 effective sequences and 8 081 OTUs were obtained from twelve samples based on high-throughput sequencing of the 16 S gene.Bacterial species detected in these samples covered 30 phylum,86 class,115 orders,256 families and 464 genera.At the genera level,the composition and relative abundance of the bacterial communities in the four groups made a great different.Among them,Bacillus,Sphingomonas and Gemmatimonas may be the beneficial bacterium for the growth and Pseudomonas and Sphingobium may be the key bacteria causing root rot of Panax quinquefolium and should be focused in the further research.Conclusion:There are significant differences in bacterial community compositions from the rhizosphere soil of healthy and root-rot Panax quinquefolium as well as rotation farmland and upland soil.This result has a theoretical guiding role in exploring the micro-ecological mechanism of root-rot of Panax quinquefolium and improving the soil microbial community during cultivation of Panax quinquefolium.The study provides basic data for understanding the mechanism of replanting problem and form efficient crop rotation system between Panax quinquefolium and main crops.
引文
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[2] 王苗,孙燕,刘清梅,等.西洋参连作障碍产生原因及生物防治概述[J].中药材,2016,39(11):2665-2667.
[3] 廖长宏,陈军文,吕婉婉,等.根和根茎类药用植物根腐病研究进展[J].中药材,2017,40(2):492-497.
[4] Ying YX,Ding WL,Li Y.Characterization of soil bacterial communities in rhizospheric and nonrhizospheric soil of Panax ginseng[J].Biochemical genetics,2012,50(11-12):848-859.
[5] Dong L,Xu J,Zhang L,et al.High-throughput sequencing technology reveals that continuous cropping of American ginseng results in changes in the microbial community in arable soil[J].Chinese medicine,2017,12(1):18.
[6] 余妙,蒋景龙,任绪明,等.西洋参根腐病发生与根际真菌群落变化关系研究[J].中国中药杂志,2018,43(9):179-188.
[7] 田苗,房敏峰,黄建新.根际土壤微生物变化对西洋参种植的影响[J].生物学杂志,2011,28(5):38-41.
[8] 林红梅,施建飞,李岳桦,等.西洋参病原菌拮抗细菌的分离筛选与鉴定[J].吉林农业科学,2013,38(6):62-65,75.
[9] 刘学周,李绍宾,赵智灵,等.西洋参内生菌株的分离及拮抗活性菌株的筛选和鉴定[J].中草药,2014,45(22):3332-3336.
[10] 刘学周,赵智灵,李绍宾,等.西洋参内生菌群落结构与多样性[J].微生物学报,2015,55(3):330-340.
[11] 陈冬梅,柯文辉,陈兰兰,等.连作对白肋烟根际土壤细菌群落多样性的影响[J].应用生态学报,2010,21(7):1751-1758.
[12] 缪作清,李世东,刘杏忠,等.三七根腐病病原研究[J].中国农业科学,2006,39(7):1371-138.